OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Morinda officinalis (MO) extract on cytoxan (CTX) -impaired spermatogenesis of adult male SD rats.

METHODSWe randomly divided 56 adult male SD rats into seven groups of equal number: blank control, CTX model, CTX + NS, CTX + 10 g/kg MO, CTX + 20 g/kg MO, CTX + 30 g/kg MO, and CTX + 40 g/kg MO. We made the models of impaired spermatogenesis in the SD rats by intraperitoneal injection of CTX and treated the animal models by intragastric administration of MO at the concentrations of 10, 20, 30, and 40 g per kg per d, respectively. After two weeks of medication, we observed the changes in the body weight, testicular and epididymal indexes, and microstructure of the testis tissue, measured the mean seminiferous tubule diameter (MSTD) , and obtained testicular biopsy scores (TBS) in different groups, followed by comparative analyses.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the CTX + NS group showed no remarkable differences in the body weight ([234.83 ± 28.77] g) and epididymal index (2.71 ± 0.34) from those of the four CTX + MO groups, but exhibited a significantly lower testicular index ([12.15 ± 1.04] g) than those in the CTX + 20 g/kg MO ([13.71 ± 0.97] g), CTX + 30 g/kg MO, ([13.30 ± 0.29] g), and CTX + 40 g/kg MO group ([13.48 ± 0.51] g) (P < 0.05). Light microscopy revealed obvious pathological changes of the testis tissue in the CTX + NS group and significantly ameliorated structures of the seminiferous tubules in the CTX + MO 10, 20, 30, and 40 g/kg groups, with the MSTD of (204.78 ± 11.03), (216.55 ± 10.93), (218.03 ± 11.23), and (218.59 ± 14.06) μm, respectively, and the TBS of 9.03 ± 0.39, 9.69 ± 0.26, 9.83 ± 0.18, and 9.89 ± 0.11, respectively, all significantly higher than (189.74 ± 8.55) μm and 5.95 ± 1.21 in the CTX + NS group (P < 0.05). The efficacy of MO extract was increased in a concentration-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONMorinda officinalis extract can repair cytoxan-induced damage to rat spermatogenesis, with may achieve the best effect at the concentrations of 30 and 40 g per kg per d.

Animals ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Cyclophosphamide ; toxicity ; Epididymis ; drug effects ; Male ; Morinda ; chemistry ; Mutagens ; toxicity ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seminiferous Tubules ; drug effects ; pathology ; Spermatogenesis ; drug effects ; Testis ; drug effects ; ultrastructure

AIM: To explore the effect of early posterior approach vitrectomy in the treatment of penetrating ocular trauma with intraocular foreign body.METHODS: Totally 10 cases of penetrating ocular trauma with intraocular foreign bodies(IOFB) in the past two years were included.Emergency vitrectomy, intraocular foreign body removal and silicone oil tamponade were performed by the same surgeon.Antibiotics and steroids were given after surgeries.Retinal photocoagulation was done according to fundus conditions after surgeries.RESULTS: One patient combined with preoperation endophthalmitis and severely damaged retina failed to recover, eventually came to phthisis bulbi.Vitrectomy and IOFB removal were all successfully performed in the other patients.The postoperation follow-up time was 3-18mo.Two of the patients received secondary vitrectomy and silicone replacement surgeries due to recurrent retinal detachment.The remaining patients had no further bleeding with intraoclar pressure(IOP) 8-21mmHg.At the last follow-up, three of them gained best corrected visual acuity better than 0.1, two patients had visual acuity of 0.01 to 0.1 and four patients had poor visual acuity of light perception to FC/50cm because of macular damage.The patient with phthisis bulbi had no light perception.CONCLUSION: Early vitrectomy, foreign body removal and silicone oil tamponade is an effective treatment for patients with penetrating eyeball injury with IOFB.

Objective • To understand the structural changes and related reasons of the average cost of hospitalization of childhood pneumonia in Shanghai, and to propound related policy suggestion. Methods • New grey correlation and degree of structural variation analysis were used to research the average cost of hospitalization of 22 543 children with pneumonia from 2015 to 2018 in a children's specialized hospital in Shanghai. The average cost included 5 categories, i.e. medicine cost, material cost, examination and laboratory cost, labour cost and bed occupation cost. The relational degree and structural changes between each average cost and the average cost of hospitalization were discussed. Results • The new grey correlation analysis showed that the relational degree sort order of each average cost from the highest to the lowest were average examination and laboratory cost (γ3=1.000 0), average medicine cost (γ1=0.862 5), average bed occupation cost (γ5=0.845 1), average labour cost (γ4=0.796 8) and average material cost (γ2=0.786 3). The degree of structure variation analysis showed that the contribution rate of structure variation (CSV) sort order of each average cost in 2015-2018 from the highest to the lowest were average medicine cost (CSV1=36.22%), average bed occupation cost (CSV5=27.65%), average examination and laboratory cost (CSV3=13.91%), average material cost (CSV2=13.78%) and average labour cost (CSV4=8.44%). The average medicine cost and average material cost were negative variation. Conclusion • The average examination and laboratory cost and average medicine cost are the main factors that influenced the average cost of hospitalization of childhood pneumonia. The proportion of the average labour cost is relatively low. It is suggested that the cost structure like raising labour charges and optimizing diagnosis and treatment process should be further adjusted in order to control the growth of medical costs.

0.05).The side effects of thiamphenicol was more little than the other.CONCLUSIONS The treatment bacterial vaginosis with thiamphenicol is effective and safe and the side effects is a little.

Objective To apply the Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and Activity(IDEEA)system to evaluate the locomotion of patients with protrusion of intervertebral disc(PID)quantitatively and dynamically.Methods 8 patients with PID and 9 volunteers as controls performed a series of daily activities in their nature environment.They were monitored with IDEEA.Results The velocity of flexion forward,time flexion forward,time stand up,time sit down of the patients were significant different to the controls(P<0.05),and the walking speed of the former was slower(P<0.05)than the latter's.Conclusion Physical performance of the PID patients was significantly reduced.The IDEEA can be a good tool to evaluate their ability of locomotion in their daily living.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of measures on controlling of schistosomiasis in Jurong city Jiangsu province and provide a scientific basis for doing a better job in prevention and control of schistosomiasis.MethodsMonitoring data from 2005 to 2010 was analyzed,including the effect of spraying drugs,changing environment,coupled with health education measures in eradicating oncomelania.Oncomelania areas,positive detection rate of schistosomiasis,and the awareness rates of prevention knowledge of schistosome were observed longitudinally.Correlation of coverage rate of snail controlling and resident positive rate of schistosomiasis was studied.ResultsThere were no infected snails from 2005 to 2010.The densities of living snails and areas with snails decreased year by year.Residents' positive detection rate of schistosomiasis decreased from 0.34％(36/10 551 ) to 0.00％(0/12 372) from 2005 to 2010.The rates of students,and citizens' knowledge of schistosome on prevention of the disease increased from 88.28％(128/145) and 86.44％(204/236) to 96.58％(141/146) and 92.83％(246/265) from 2005 to 2010,respectively.There was a negative correlation between oncomelania areas and drug coverage areas(r =- 0.910,P ＜ 0.05 ); there was no correlation between oncomelania areas and coverage rate of snail control by environmental modification (r =- 0.404,P ＞ 0.05 ); there was no correlation between positive rate of schistosomiasis in resident and coverage rate of snail control with molluscisides,and coverage rate of snail control by environmental modification (r =0.107,- 0.496,all P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionsSnails areas in Jurong city is decreased year by year.Residents' positive detection rate of schistosomiasis infection is maintained at a low level.The effects of oncomelania-controlling,health education,and chemotherapy are remarkable.

Objective To evaluate the safety to perform 23G vitrectomy with scleral incisions at 5.0 mm behind the limbus.Methods This is a prospective uncontrolled case study.The data of 140 consecutive primary 23G vitrectomy patients (145 eyes) were enrolled in this study.There were 56 males (59 eyes) and 84 females (86 eyes),with the mean age of (56.34 ± 9.98) years and axial length of (23.99± 2.57) mm.There were 139 phakic eye and 6 aphakic eyes.All the eyes received 23G pars plana vitrectomy with scleral incisions at 5.0 mm behind the limbus.To measure the normal Chinese adult parameters of anteroposterior axis of the eyeball,lens thickness and scleral distances from the limbus to the plane passing through the lens posterior apex,the head CT scans of 105 patients without eye diseases in our hospital were studied during the same period of time for these vitrectomy surgeries.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between age,anteroposterior axis of eyeball,lens thickness and scleral distances from the limbus to the plane passing through the lens posterior apex.Results Surgical related complications included retinal tears close to the scleral incision sites (3/145 eyes,2.1％) and lens injury (3/121 eyes,2.5％).No other surgical complications occurred,such as retinal hemorrhage,supra-choroidal expulsive hemorrhage and iatrogenic retinal detachment.Based on CT images,the average scleral distance from limbus to the plane passing through the lens posterior apex,anteroposterior axis of eyeball and lens thickness was (6.72± 0.81),(24.39± 0.97),(4.22 ± 0.47) mm,respectively.The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that age and lens thickness had statistically significant correlation (r=0.328 9,P=0.000 6).Conclusion Primary 23G pars plana vitrectomy with incisions at 5.0 mm posterior to the limbus is safe.

Objective To compare the clinical effects of extensive or limited arthroscopic debridement in varying degrees of knees osteo-arthritis. Methods 32 cases with knees osteoarthritis who underwent extensive debridement under arthroscopy were selected as the observa-tion group, and 30 cases with knees osteoarthritis who underwent limited debridement were selected as the control group. The excellent rate of joint function, Lysholm and VAS scores were compared between the two groups. Results The excellent rate of joint function were 90. 0%and 91. 4% in observation group and control group respectively, without significant difference (P>0. 05). Lysholm scores of patients with grade Ⅱ osteoarthritis was much higher in observation group than that in control group after operation (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in Lysholm scores between gradeⅠand gradeⅢosteoarthritis (P>0. 05). No statistically significant difference of VAS scores on 1 year after operation were found (P>0. 05). Conclusion Extensive debridement and limited debridement under arthroscopy have similar effects for knees osteoarthritis. Extensive arthroscopic debridement is an ideal treatment method for Ⅱ grade of knees osteoarthritis.

Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablet (TLXNET) is a patented prescription, which comes from modified Xionggui decoction and can improve cognitive function. However, its effect on the urine metabolites and anti-dementia mechanism in the dementia model rats induced by hippocampal injection with Aβ25-35 remains unclear. The experiment focused on the changes in trajectory and inter-relationship among the urinary metabolite of rats in the blank group, Aβ25-35 hippocampal injection dementia model group and the TLXNET intervention group, in order to determine theirs characteristic metabolic markers and explain the anti-dementia effect of TLX-NET base on the change of metabolic trajectory of these bio-markers. According to the experimental results, 5, 6-indolequinone, 4-hydroxyphenyl pyruvic acid (4-HPPA), cortisol and 3-thiosulfate lactic were preliminarily identified as the characteristic metabolic markers. They mainly participate in dopamine system, glucocorticoids and energy metabolic pathways. TLXNET can apparently downregulate the disturbances of metabolic trajectory of the four bio-markers. The experiment indicates that the dementia model induced by injecting Aβ25-3 into hippocampus has its characteristic endogenous metabolic markers in urine, and ELXNET can ameliorate dementia by down-regulating the disturbances of metabolic trajectory.
Amyloid beta-Peptides ; metabolism ; toxicity ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; urine ; Dementia ; drug therapy ; urine ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Peptide Fragments ; metabolism ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tablets ; administration & dosage ; Urine ; chemistry

Objective To explore the activation and apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes(PBLs) in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP) and the effects of triptoIide(TP) on them. Methods The changes of activation and apoptosis were observed on cultured PBLs in children with HSP and healthy controls ,and the effects of TP were compared respectively. Expression of CD3, CD25 and apoptosis rate of PBLs were assayed with flow cytometry. Results The percentage of CD3+ CD25+ cell was significantly higher (P