Objective To develop an assay method for quantitative analysis of cocaine in rat's serum by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Method Serum samples (30?l) were extracted with 2% isoamyl alcohol and hexane. The organic phase was extracted with 0.1 mol/L HC1. The quantitative analysis was achieved by using a 5?m reversed-phase Kromasil CIS column with mobile phase of 0.04mol/ L phosphate buffer solution (containing 0.26 mmol/L tetrabutylammonium chloride , pH3.2) - acetonitrile (83:17). The wave length of the ultraviolet detection was performed at 235nm. Results The lowest limit of the detection limit was 25ng/ml. The recovery of the cocaine was 71 %. Conclusion The method is sensitive, simple and easy to perform.

Objective Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)can induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cell and the mechanism is not clear. We aimed to study the mechanism of selective COX 2 inhibitor Nimesulide induced apoptosis of human gastric cancer line SGC 7901 by detecting the expressions of COX 2 at mRNA level, c myc, Bcl 2 and caspase 3 at protein level. Methods Apoptosis was determined by electronic microscopy, Annexin V FITC staining and flow cytometry. The mRNA of COX 2 was detected by RT PCR. The protein expressions of c myc, Bcl 2 and caspase 3 were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results Nimesulide of 50 ?mol/L at 48 and 72 h, and of 100 ?mol/L and 200 ?mol/L at 24, 48 and 72 h induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells in a dose and time dependent manner.Their apoptotic rates were 7.51%, 9.86% and 11.58%, 12.45%, 16.66% and 12.21%, 15.38%, 20.28% respectively. It increased c myc and caspase 3 expression and decreased Bcl 2 expression and COX 2 mRNA expression. The positive protein expression rates of Bcl 2, c myc and capase 3 were (20.2?7.6)%,(49.2?15.1)% and (34.6?12.9)% respectively with Nimesulide of 200 ?mol/L at 72 h,while the controls being (44.6?12.1)%, (24.7 ?9.5)% and (14.8?6.4)% the three comparative P

As a clean, efficient, and renewable energy, hydrogen is regarded as a promising alternative. Because of using biomass as substrate, microbial fermentative hydrogen production can meet the need of sustainable development. The factors affecting the process of microbial fermentative hydrogen production, are analyzed in this paper on the basis of microorganisms, substrates, products and operative parameters. The parameters related to hydrogen production from organic wastes, are also mentioned.

·AIM: To evaluate the recurrence rate and safety of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) augmented with mitomycin C (MMC) compared with amniotic membrane transplantation alone during the pterygium excision.·METHODS: We took a meta-analysis on this program.Pertinentstudieswereselectedthroughextensive searches of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE,CBMdisc, CNKI. Pooled estimates were carried out in RevMan software V4.2.·RESULTS: Six trials reported postoperative recurrence rate of pterygium, included 882 eyes, three trials reported the complications. The results of meta-analysis showed that recurrence rate of AMT plus MMC group was 5.41％,AMT alone group was 16.89％, relative risk (RR) was 0.32, 95％CI ranged from 0.19 to 0.56, Zwas 4.06, P< 0.001. Two trials reported early complication as punctata keratitis, the incidence rate of AMT plus MMC group and AMT alone group were 17.14％ and 0.00％, RR was 12.11,95％CI ranged from 1.62 to 90.76.·CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane transplantation with MMC is associated with lower recurrence rate compared with amniotic membrane transplantation alone in pterygium excision,whether accompanied a higher risk with adverse events need more investigation.

To assess the impact of the operational simulation training system on the cultivation of ophthalmic students.
●METHODS: Four hundred and eighty ophthalmic students in China Medical University from 2009 to 2011 were chosen as objects and divided into two groups at random. The students in the experimental group used operation simulation training system combined with traditional teaching methods, while the students in the control group only used traditional teaching methods. We examined the operation skills and the confidence of all the students half a year later.
●RESULTS: The improvement of the operation skills during the suture technique examination, and the confidence for operation technology were significantly different in two groups. The basic skills of the students in the examination groups improved apparently during the operational simulation training and they were full of confidence to their operational technique.
●CONCLUSlON: The operational simulation training is useful for promoting the clinical ability for ophthalmic students and should be widely popularized.

Objective To genotype Yersinia pestis and explore intrinsic relationship among different ecotypes of Yersinia pestis in Yunnan foci.Methods A total of 171 strains from three types of Yersinia pestis,house mouse,wild-type mouse and Yulong Yersinia pestis,were tested.Twenty-three different regions (DFR) were used to genotype and cluster analysis was performed using BioNumerics 5.0.Results A total of 171 Yersinia pestis were divided into 7 genotypes by 23 DFRs,which were Genomovar5,Genomovar7,Genomovar9 and 4 newly discovered genotypes.The genotypes of all Yulong plague were Genomovar5.The genotypes of the 16 strains of wild-type mouse plague (the highland of northwestern Yunnan Province type) were divided to 3 genotypes,13 of them were Genomovar 7,2 of them were Genomovar9,and 1 of them was newly discovered genotype Genomovaryn1.The genotypes of the 148 strains of house mouse plague(the residential area of Yunnan and Fujian Provinces type) were divided into 4 genotypes,145 of them were Genomovar9,and 3 of them were newly discovered including Genomovar-yn2,-yn3 and-yn4.The ecological typing results of clustering showed genotype of Yulong plague was similar to the highland of northwestern Yunnan Province type(wild-type mouse plague),and the percentage of similarity was up to 87.20％,but only up to 73.75％ to the residential area of Yunnan and Fujian Provinces type (house mouse plague).The genotypes of 2 wild-type strains of the highland of northwestern Yunnan Province type(wild-type mouse) and main genotypes of the residential area of Yunnan and Fujian Provinces type(house mouse)were Genomovar 9.The genotype of Genomovar-yn 1 of the highland of northwestern Yunnan Province type was similar to Genomovar 7,but lack of DFR 11.The genotypes of Genomovar-yn2,-yn3 and-yn4 of the residential area of Yunnan and Fujian Provinces type were similar to Genomovar 9,but lack of DFR 10,DFR 9 and DFR 11,respectively.Conclusions One newly genotype strain is found in wild-type mouse plague and 3 newly genotype strains are founded in house mouse plague.Wild-type mouse strains are founded in the house mouse strains.The similarity of genotype between Yulong plague and the highland of northwestern Yunnan Province type (wild-type mouse plague) is high while the similarity between Yulong plague and the residential area of Yunnan and Fujian Provinces type(house mouse plague) is low.

Objective To study the fetal developmental regulation and gestational weeks at labor for triplets pregnancies Methods To detect biparietal diameters and femoral length at different gestational weeks, record gestational weeks of labor and birth weights, and compare with those of singletons Results The fetal development of triplets slowed down from the beginning of the 28th gestational week compared with that of singletons (the mean difference was 2 1mm and 3 1 mm respectively, P

Objective To study the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on the development of offspring's brains by building a murine model. Methods We weighted the body weight and brain weight of offspring on P10 from COC and SAL groups and observed the development of neuron and astrocyte in cerebral cortex by toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry. Results The brain weight and body weight from COC were both reduced on P10 compared with SAL group.We discovered prenatal cocaine exposure induced polarity disorder and dysplasia of neuron in cerebral cortex;the number of the astrocytes in corpus callosum and hippocampus regions decreased.Conclusion\ Pregnatal cocaine exposure can result in abnormal development of cerebral cortex of offsprings which may play an important role on cocaine induced abnormal behavior.\;[

AIM To develop a murine model for investigating the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on the development of fetal nerve system. METHODS A nutritionally paired control group of dams injected with saline and pair fed with the COC dams were set up. Another two groups were COC groups injected with cocaine HCl and SAL group administrated with saline. After injection twice daily during gestation days 8～17,mice were decapitated on E17 and blood and brain samples were collected for pharmacological analysis and neurotransmitter analysis by HPLC.RESULTS Pharmacological analysis revealed that cocaine was found in maternal and fetal plasma at 15 min following ip administration to embryonic day E17 pregnant mice. Though COC dams and SPF dams had the same feeding condition, compared with the latter, the former had higher maternal concentrations of DA and 5 HT, lower fetal weight, brain weight, striatum weight and higher concentrations of DA and 5 HT in striatum, P

AIM To investigate the effects of in utero cocaine exposure on the fetal development, when fetuses were exposed to equal total dose but different dose and timing. METHODS Pregnant dams were randomly separated into three groups: SAL, COC20 and COC40. On E17, recorded body weight, brain weight and striatum weight of all groups, and examined the concentrations of DA and 5 HT in fetal striatum by HPLC. RESULTS Body weight of SAL, COC40, COC20 groups decreased progressively in turns. Brain weight of COC20 group and COC40 group was lower than that of SAL. Only the brain/body ratio of COC40 was decreased ( P