The multi-potent differentiation capability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) implies potential to achieve patient-specific regenerative therapy for myocardial infarction. However, it is evident that transplanted stem cells do not survive well in the harsh ischemic microenvironment. Erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of neuronal and myocardial apoptosis. Here, we investigate the cell viability and the change of erythropoietin signal pathway of MSCs challenged by hypoxia treatment.Methods MSCs were derived from the bone marrow of 2-week-old Wistar rats and expanded. Hypoxia treatment of cells was performed using a ProOx-C-chamber with the oxygen concentration set to 0.5% for the times required.Results The rate of trypan blue staining was 3.5% ± 0.4% in control group, and 3.9% ± 0.2%, 5.0% ±0.5%, 7.1% ± 0.5% in the groups treated with hypoxia for 24, 48, 72, 96 hours. Western blot analysis suggested the expression of EPO in MSCs was significantly upregulated after 48-hour treatment with hypoxia, which was further confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. There was higher and earlier expression of EPOR. And the expression level of total ERK remained constant during the hypoxic treatment. However, the expression of HIF-1α phosphorylated ERK was significantly upregulated after 24-hour treatment with hypoxia and peaked at 72 hours.Conclusions MSCs is not sensitive to hypoxia insult alone. The components in EPO signal pathway (e. g.EPO, EPOR and P-ERK) is upregulated in MSCs after hypoxic treatment, which suggests that EPO signal pathway plays an important role in the hypoxia-tolerance and paracrine protecting capability of MSCs.

Objective To evaluate the magneto-heating effect and cytotoxicity of the carbonyl iron powder as a feasibility for arterial embolization hyperthermia. Methods Different doses of carbonyl iron powder suspensions were prepared in vitro(10 mg/ml,100%;10 mg/ml,50%;or 64 g/L phenol solutions),and heated for 20 minutes in an alternating magnetic field(49.9,79.9,and 110.2 Oe).The influences of the doses of suspensions and currency of magnetic field on the heating effect were observed.Meanwhile,mouse fibroblast L-929 cells were cultured with the suspensions for 2,4,or 7 days.The morphology and relative growth rate(RGR) of the cells were determined by microscopy and MTT assay.The cytotoxicity of the suspensions was then classified. Results The heating ability of the carbonyl iron powder increased with the suspension concentration and the strength of the magnetic field.A optimal therapeutic temperature was achieved at 110.2 Oe with 60 mg/ml carbonyl iron powder suspension.The L-929 cells showed normal morphology after been treated by the carbonyl iron powder(10 mg/ml 100% solution and 50% solution) for 2,4 and 7 days with the 0-1 degree cytotoxicity.Conclusion The carbonyl iron powder has good heating effect under the alternating magnetic field,and is compatible with the tested cells.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of PET-CT to diagnose breast cancer and the axiUary lymph nodes metastasis. Methods 40 patients with breast cancer performed PET-CT were enrolled in the research. Qualitation the primary tumor and accuracy of PET-CT were evaluated on pathological results and compared with axillary lymph nodes dissection. To analyzed the concordance of the size of primary tumor on pathological result with B-mode ultrasonic and PET-CT and the correlation with the SUV. Results The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of PET-CT in identifying breast cancer were 95%, 94%, 100%. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of PET-CT based on the situation of the axillary lymph node dissection were 88.2% 89.2% 83.3%. A significant association was found between tumor weiweihong and PET-CT, furthermore it had not association with SUV. Conclusion The diagnosis of PET-CT in identifying breast cancer and the axillary lymph node metastasis basically conforms to pathology. It possesses high sensitivity and specificity especially in identifying the size of the primary lesion. It offers a beneficial method to determine the axillary lymph node dissection and reasonable therapeutic regimen.

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, it is reported that vessel structural abnormity is the main morphological basis of vertigo due to vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency abroad, but the report of vascular structural abnormality in vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency is rare at home.OBJECTIVE: To observe the manifestation and clinical significance of vessel structural abnormity tested by digital substraction angiography (DSA)in patients with vertigo induced by vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency.DESIGN: Case analysis.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Wuxi Second Hospital (Wuxi Municipal Second People's Hospital) Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University and Department of Neurology, Huaihua Hospital Affiliated to Nanhua University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 57 patients, who were diagnosed as having episodic vertigo with or without nausea or vomiting, and hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, Huaihua Hospital Affiliated to Nanhua University from August 2003 to May 2004 and Wuxi Second Hospital (Wuxi Municipal Second People's Hospital) Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University between October 2004 and May 2005, were enrolled.METHODS: Fifty-seven patients with vertigo induced by vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency hospitalized in the recent two years were treated with digital subtraction radiography in aortic arch and aortocranial angiography:Applying retrograde angiography of femoral artery puncture, Optiray nonionic contrast agent with syringe pattern to perform aortic arch angiography. Digital subtraction machine displayed bilateral carotid artery, vertebral artery, ranged from carotid artery to siphon of carotid artery from multiple angles. Measurement and evaluation were conducted by 2 doctors from department of neurology.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Type, distribution and proportion of vesselstructural abnormity of aortic arch, carotid artery and vertebrobasilar system.RESULTS: Of the 57 patients, 1 patient was dropped out, because the left vertebral artery (LVA) could not be entered. A large area cerebral infarction was occurred in another patients during aortic arch angiography was performed, and the operation was stopped. Totally 55 patients were involved in the result analysis. It was found that 71%(39/55) of patients had vessel structural abnormity in cervical part and intracalvarium, 11%(6/55)of patients with simple anterior circulation lesion, 60% (33/55) of patients with posterior circulation lesion, of which 9 cases (16%) with compound lesion of anterior circulation abnormity. Two or above vessels in 24 cases (24/55,44%) were involved. Vertebral artery complicated with other angiostegnosis was the most common, and there was no vessel structural abnormity in other 16 cases (16/55,29%).CONCLUSION: Various types of vessel structural abnormity are the main etiological factors of vertigo induced by vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency. Gold standard of diagnosing vertigo due to vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency is DSA.

Edema, as one of common clinical diseases, could be treated by taking medicines and adopting external therapies with traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). In recent years, there have been many clinical and basic studies concerning external therapies with TCM on edema Data showed that the external therapies are mostly composed of such purgating drugs as Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Natrii Sulfas and Pharbitidis Semen, heat-clearing drug such as Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex and resuscitation-inducing drug such as Borneolum Syntheticum. The study showed that ingredients of external therapies did not pass through hilum and hepatic system, and thus avoided the first pass effect of livers. They enabled effective components of drugs to be rapidly absorbed through pores and skins, strengthened the effect against edema, shortened the treatment course, decreased side effects, and were convenient and inexpensive. External therapies with TCM could play unique advantages in inhibiting edema in the future clinical studies.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Edema ; drug therapy ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Resin filling, full crown and veneer are used in cosmetic restoration of anterior teeth. Doctors prefer resin because of its perfect clinical effect and small hurt. Some patients complain of sensitivity after rsein filling and we are interest in choosing a better resin with less sensitivity.OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of postoperative sensitivity and the difference of the patients' self sensitivity alter cosmetic restoration of anterior teeth with vital pulp by 3M-Z350 Nano-resin and 3M-Z100 composite resin. METHODS: A total of 112 teeth with vital pulp because of caries or traumatic tooth fractures of 68 patients demanding cosmetic restoration were selected from the Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Luzhou Medical College from August to December 2006. The teeth were random divided into 3M-Z350 group and 3M-Z100 group, with 56 teeth in each group. 3M-Z350 nano-rasin and 3M-Z100 composite resin were used for cosmetic restoration of anterior teeth with vital pulp. Ryge criteria were used to evaluate the sensitivity to the cold stimulation following cosmetic restoration, and the level of pain was detected by the pain ruler.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with 3M-Z100 group, the incidence of sensitivity and self-pain level were decreased in the 3M-Z350 group at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after restoration (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the sensitivity and self-pain level between the two groups (P > 0.05). Anterior teeth with vital pulp were well restored by 3M-Z350 nano-resin which might reduce the incidence of postoperative sensitivity.

Objective To investigate the differences in sex hormone levels between hypospadias and circumcision groups.Methods Fifty cases of circumcision and 137 cases of hypospadias the dihydmtestosterone (DHT) value was tested with radioimmunoassay,and testosterone was tested with lightimmunoassay.Results DHT value was (64.51 ±32.10)pg/ml in circumcision group,and (46.72 ±28.94)pg/ml in hypospadias group (P ＜0.05).DHT value in hypospadias type Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ were (50.20 ±32.90)pg/ml,(46.63 ±25.67)pg/rnl,(51.60 ±32.16)pg/ral,and (39.02 ±26.32)pg/ml,respectively (P =0.29).The differences between circumcision and hypospadias groups were statistically significant (P =0.00).Luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) in children with hypospadias were significantly lower than those in children in the circumcision group (P ＜ 0.05).No statistically significant difference was found between two groups in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),estradiol (F2),and prolactin (PRL) (P ＞ 0.05).No statistically significant differences were found in FSH among all types of hypospadias (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Inadequate secretion of T or activity insufficiency and functional deficiency of 5 alpha reductase (SRD5A) are likely found in children with hypospadia.Inadequate secretion and low T value might be found in LH-T shaft in children with hypospadia.The normal T value in some children with hypospadia does not show that androgens produced during pregnancy are normal.

Objective To investigate the causes and managements of capsular perforation in transurethral resection of prostate(TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods Clinical data of 893 cases who received TURP from February 2002 to February 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.Results In 893 cases, capsular perforation in 16 cases, among them, tissue covered perforation in 10 cases, dissociative perforation in 3 cases, perforation under bladder trignne in 3 cases. Six cases occurred with obviously extravasation, 10 cases with transurethral resection syndrome (TURS) or omen of TURS. Two cases were ceased operation and received TURP again after 2 weeks, 2 cases transferred to open surgery suprapubic prostatectomy, 12 cases kept up operation with lower bladder douche pressure. Two cases with postoperatire bleeding underwent open surgery hemostasis cured. All cases were discharged from hospital after recovery. Conclusions The type and extent of capsule perforation must be judged correctly,corresponding treatment must be given, prevention and treatment of TURS must be taken notice of, if capsule perforation occurs when TURP operation in progress. Less haematoma, clearview and normal anatomic structures can decrease the incidence of perforation.

Adolescent ; Basal Ganglia ; pathology ; Calcinosis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; etiology ; Wounds and Injuries

Objective Signals in the tumor necrosis factor α TNFα pathway, including TNFα and tumor necrosis factor α receptor 1TNFR1, are upregulated after acute hindlimh ischemia. It is unclear, however, whether this upregulation is apathophysiological consequence or a compensatory response. In the present study, the effect of TNFR1 deletion in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia was investigated.Methods Hindlimb ischemia was produced through ligation of the proximal and distal left femoral artery and its branches in TNFR1 knockout TNFR1-/- and wild type WT mice. Laser Doppler blood flow measurement showed that limb perfusion was significantly higher in TNFR1-/- mice than that in the WT mice at 1 day after operation.Results The calculated ischemic scores were 3.67 ± 0.52 in WT group and 1.83 ± 0.41 in TNFR1-/- group P ＜0.05. The rate of amputation was 50% in WT mice versus 0% in TNFR1-/- mice. There were less TUNEL positive cells in the calf muscle of TNFR1-/- mice than that of WT mice. Furthermore, DNA fragmentation was more obvious in WT mice.Western blot showed less expression of Bax and cleaved caspase 3 in TNFR1-/- mice 1 day after ischemia, suggesting a reduced apoptotic process in the absence of TNFR1.Conclusion In mice with hindlimb ischemia, knockout of TNFR1 prevents the activation of death-related proteins down streaming to TNF α and attenuated cell death including apoptosis. Systemic block of the TNFR1 might be a new interventional methods-to preserve the limbs from acute ischemic attack in patients with peripheral arterial obstructive disease.