Objective To survey the social support status and demands for family caregivers of the disabled elderly.Methods A cross-sectional survey based on convenience sampling was conducted among 779 disabled elderly and their family caregivers from May to June 2013 in five communities of Beijing Dongcheng District.Barthel index was used to measure the degree of functional impairment of the elderly.Self-rating Depression Scales (SDS) was used to evaluate depression symptoms of caregivers.Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and social support demand questionnaire were used to measure the social support status and social support demands of caregivers,respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influence factors of social support.Results Total 779 caregivers were identified and 744 caregivers completed the questionnaires with a valid response rate of 95.5％.Among 744 family caregivers the social support levels were low with an average SSRS score of 31.16 ± 6.86.There were significant differences in SSRS scores among caregivers of disabled elderly with different characteristics (age,married status and the Barthel index score) (all P ＜ 0.05);and there were significant differences in SSRS scores among caregivers with different characteristics (age,educational level,married status,current employment,relationship with patients,caregiving time daily,subjective care burden,living with patients,number of caregivers and depression status) (all P ＜ 0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the Barthel index score of the disabled elderly,the relationship with the elderly,depression status of the caregivers and the subjective care burden were correlated with the social support level of family caregivers (all P ＜0.05);the standard regression coefficients of above significant factors were 0.098,0.190,0.134 and 0.155,respectively.The social support demands of family caregivers were various;the average score was 2.44 ± 0.64,the top three demands were provision of care subsidy for the disabled elderly (average score was 2.95 ± 0.93),provision of care allowance for family caregivers (average score was 2.90 ± 0.93) and the guidance of safe medication (average score was 2.83 ± 0.83).Conclusions Family caregivers for the disabled elderly obtain low level social support in the surveyed area.Since the earegivers have various social support demands,the social support and assistance for them should be specific,effective and comprehensive.

Objective Serum indicators of oxidative protein damage (OPD) were analyzed to explore the effect on renal MMP/TIMP system of OPD in diabetic nephropathy. Methods AOPP levels and PCO levels were measured by modified Witko-Sarsat's method and 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine spectrophotometric method, expression of serum MMP-2 were determined by ELISA, and MMP-2 activity were detected by zymography . Results AOPP levels of group DN1, group DN2 were higher than those of group DM(78.23±19.30 vs 61.25±12.13,101.59±30.22 vs 61.25±12.13,F＝41.988,P＜0.01). PCO levels of group DN1 and group DN2 were higher than those of group DM (0.84±0.03 vs 0.66±0.02,1.05±0.05 vs 0.66±0.02,F＝205.763,P＜0.01). Pearson correlation analysis indicated AOPP and PCO were positively correlated with the expression (r＝0.460,0.480,P＜0.05) and activity (r＝0.385,0.560,P＜0.05) of serum MMP-2. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that AOPP and PCO were major influential factors of serum MMP-2 expression (P＜0.05,P＜0.01) and activity(P＜0.01,P＜0.05). Conclusions OPD might be involved in the imbalance of renal matrix metabolism, which was correlated with the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To investigate the effect of community comprehensive intervention on health behavior and self-rated health status among family caregivers of disabled elderly.Methods One hundredand twenty family caregivers of disabled elderly were selected from community health service centers of Beijing Dongcheng District,and were given 6 month-comprehensive community intervention (intervention group);121 family caregivers of disabled elderly from another community were selected as the control group.The knowledge and skills of caregiving,health behaviors (daily exercise time,daily relaxation time) and self-rated health status were evaluated before and 6 months after intervention.Results The knowledge and skill scores in intervention group were improved by 50.781 points,the daily exercise time and daily relaxation time were prolonged by 0.491 h and 0.837 h,respectively after the intervention (all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in self-rated health status of two groups before and after intervention (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Community comprehensive intervention improves the knowledge and skills of caregiving,and the health behaviors among family caregivers of disabled elderly,but the intervention measures does not impact the self-rated health status of family caregivers.

97 cases of jaw bone fractures were treated with rigid internal fixation.16 cases had malocclusion postoperation.The etiology was analyzed and the prevention methods were proposed.Intermaxillary elastic traction or fixation and craniomaxillofacial fixation or craniomentum elastic traction were performed to treat the malocclusion.By this way,14 cases were cured.1 case was operated again to resume the normal occlusion,1 case received occlusal adjustment.Incomplete reduction,incorrect operative performance,deficiency of postoperative intermaxillary fixation and incorrect intermaxillary fixation were the main causes to malocclusion.So anatomic in time reduction,correct operative performance,intermaxillary fixation,application of craniomaxillofacial fixation or craniomentum elastic traction instead of intermaxillary fixation for some special cases are effective methods to correct postoperative malocclusion.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of children′s recurrent abdominal pain(RAP) with gastroscopy and analyze the etiology.Methods Three hundred and thirteen children were investigated with gastroscopy.Gastric antrum mucosa was taken for histo-pathology and the determination of helicobacter pylori(Hp) antibody.Results Ninty-nine point six eight percent of the cases had lesions under the gastroscope.The former 4 cases had chronic superficial gastritis(CSG),CGS and bile reflux,CGS and duodenitis,CGS and bulb ulcer,and Hp infection rate was 31.36%,25%,38.64%,60.61%.Hp infection rates of active gastritis and inactive gastritis were 92% and 23.19%,which showed significant differences in 2 groups(P

Objective To explore the differences of H .pylori infection between residents in different humidity environment. Methods 137 persons from Sanjiang of Wenchuan and 320 persons from Chengdu were examined.Blood samples were ob-tained for serological analysis by dot immunochromatographic assay.Results The infection rate of H .pylori in Wenchuan of Sanjiang residents was 26.28%,and the Chengdu rate was 16.88% (P <0.025),with the significant difference among which,and removed the effection of nation constitution.Conclusion The differences of H .pylori infection rate between res-idents in different humidity environment were existent.High humidity environment maybe one of factors that lead to high H.pylori infection rate.

Objective To compare clinical outcome and adverse reactions between the regimens SOX and XELOX for chemotherapy of advanced gastric carcinoma in Chinese population.Methods The original articles on randomized controlled trials ( RCTs) comparing the chemotherapy of SOX and XELOX in Chinese patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were recruited from the PUBMED, WANFANG, VIP and CNKI databases.The quality of the selected trials were assessed by JADAD method.Meta-analysis about the efficacy and safety of the two chemotherapy methods was performed by Rev Man 5.2.0 software ( Cochrane-information Management System) .Results Eight RCT studies were recruited in our work, including 293 patients in the SOX treatment group and 310 in the XELOX treatment group.The analysis results showed that there was no significant difference in the effect of the two chemotherapy methods (OR=1.19, 95%CI:0.86-1.64,P=0.29), and referred to the safety evaluation, the stomatitis (OR=2.29, 95%CI:1.74-4.89, P<0.0001) incidence in SOX treatment group was higher than XELOX treatment group, and in total, there was no significant difference in adverse reaction incidence of the two chemotherapy methods(OR =0.88, 95%CI: 0.66-1.19, P =0.41).Conclusion In the chemotherapy of advanced gastric carcinoma in Chinese population, there is no significant difference in clinical response rate between SOX and XELOX, and the stomatitis incidence of SOX is significantly higher than that of XELOX.

Objective To compare the serum pepsinogen (PG)in different altitude population.Methods By testing serum PG of people from different altitudes,detected the concentration of serum PG.Results The serum PGI,serum PGII and PGR were respectively 136.89±22.64 μg/L,10.05 ± 5.14 μg/L and 13.07 ± 7.41 in 1 000 m group,and they were 30.87 ± 48.66 μg/L,11.55±2.78 μg/L and 12.89±4.76 in 1 300 m group.There were significant difference in PGI and PGII(P <0.05)except PGR (P >0.05)between the two groups.The corresponding indices in 1500m group (126.64±29.84 μg/L, 12.18±5.99 μg/L and 12.2±14.84,respectively),the serum PGI was decreased obviously compared with those groups (P<0.05),the serum PGII was increased obviously compared with those groups (P < 0.05),No significant difference was found when compared with those groups (P >0.05).The serum PGI was negative correlated with higher altitudes,the ser-um PGII was positively correlated with higher altitudes.Conclusion The study found that the serum PGI content would re-duce with the increase of altitude,and on the contrary the serum PGII would rise with the increase of altitude.The main rea-son that the serum PG change may be influenced by oxygen partial pressure.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brachytherapy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Digestive System Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Female ; Fever ; etiology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; etiology

AIM:To investigate the influential factors of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and to observe the effects of zileuton,a selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (5-LO),on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI).METHODS:The right middle cerebral artery of the rat was occluded by inserting a thread through internal carotid artery for 2 h,and then reperfused for 24 h. Zileuton (10,50 mg?kg-1,po) was orally administered 2 h before ischemia and at 0,5,10 h after reperfusion. The permeability of blood brain barrier (BBB) was detected by using Evans blue (EB) as a labelling compound. The degree of cerebral edema was estimated by AutoCAD image analysis software. The mRNA of cysteiny leukotrienes receptor1 (CysLTR1) was detected by RT-PCR. The content of LTB4 in serum was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins were measured by immunohistochemical staining method. RESULTS:After middle cerebral artery occlussion 2 h/reperfusion 24 h,the permeability of BBB in the brain tissue of injured side and the brain edema degree were increased. The content of LTB4 in serum was elevated. The expression of CysLTR1 mRNA from the brain tissue of occluded side was enhanced. The expressions of MMP-9 and AQP4 proteins of the ischemia realm and ischemia penumbra (IP) of the infarct focus perimeter were increased. Both 10 and 50 mg?kg-1 doses of zileuton dramatically relieved the BBB permeability destruction and the degree of the brain edema,inhibited the expression of CysLTR1 mRNA in the brain tissue and also reduced the content of LTB4 in serum. The expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins in the brain tissue were also decreased.CONCLUSION:The permeability of BBB is destroyed after the focal CIRI. The mechanisms of protective effect of zileuton might be attributed to its effects by inhibiting the activation of 5-LO pathways on the brain tissue and circulatory blood,reducing the expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins of the ischemia and IP realm in the brain tissue.