Objective To explore the clinical manifestation and laboratory examination of chronic diarrhea in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) and analyze the reasons that causes the chronic diarrhea in children.Methods Clinical data of 7 patients (male 4 cases,famale 3 cases)with AIDS with manifestation of chronic diarrhea among the 17 cases were diagnosed as AIDS in Beijing children′s hospital from Jan.1999 to Dec.2006.The time of diarrhea,degree of dinrrhea,characteristic of stool,accompaniment symptom,laboratory examination were retrospectively analyzed.Results The average onset age was 6 years old(from 2-9 years old).The average time of diarrhea was 6 months(from 1-16 months).Four cases main complained with chronic diarrhea,3 cases came to the hospital because of fever,cough and wasting;6 cases with diarrhea,7 cases with malnutrition and anemia,5 cases accompanied hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis,6 cases had delay in growth and development,2 cases with abnormal stool routine exam,1 case with positive stool culture of fungi.All patients were with lower CD4,5 cases with lower CD4/CD8.Conclusions Chronic diarrhea is a common symptom in children with AIDS,and usually accompanied by obvious delay in growth and development,malnutrition and anemia,the reasons that causes the chronic diarrhea are consi-dered to be related with both the opportunistic infection and HIV infection.

Aim To explore the effect of sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide(PL) on primary multiple myeloma(MM) cell and cell lines and its molecular mechanisms.Methods Fresh bone marrow cells from MM patients and MM cell lines KMM-1 and MM1S were used for in vitro culture study.The cell survival rate was examined by Trypan Blue exclusion.The change of nucleolus stained with DAPI was observed under fluorescent microscope.Reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP) were detected by flow cytometry.Results 2.5 ?mol?L-1 PL induced MM cell apoptosis and MMP was profoundly decreased in KMM-1 and MM1S cells.In contrast,normal lymphocytes cells were unaffected by the same conditions.KMM-1 and MM1S cells showed large increases of ROS levels 10 h after 2.5 ?mol?L-1 PL treatment.The free radical scavenger L-N-acetylcystein(L-NAC) pretreatment completely inhibited ROS generation,cell death and nuclear fragmentation by PL.Diphenylene iodonium chloride(DPI) pretreatment in a dose of 2.5 ?mol?L-1 strongly inhibited PL-mediated ROS generation,nuclear fragmentation in KMM-1 and MM1S cells.Conclusions PL strongly induces apoptosis in MM cell,while normal lymphocytes cells are completely unaffected by the same conditions.Since its proapoptotic activity appears to be mediated through induction of oxidative stress in MM cells,its possible mechanism is that NADPH oxidase activation is involved in PL-mediated ROS generation.

Objective Detect the AChE content of RBC and plasma in the people with PNH.Invstigate the effect of the enzyme in GPI on PNH.Methods Detect the activity of AChE in RBC and plasma in 30 patients with PNH.Results (1)The activity of AChE of RBC in PNH patients was higher than controls,the difference between them having statistic significance,P

Objective: To investigate the cause and mechanism of oral lichen planus (OLP). Methods: The expression of cyclins dependent kinases (CDK4) in epithelial cells in the samples in 40 cases of OLP and in 10 cases of healthy controls was observed by immunohistochemical method. Results: The expression indexes of CDK4 in the epithelial basal layer and spinous layer in OLP were 0. 5637 ? 0. 0201 and 0. 5388? 0. 0120, those in the healthy control were 0. 4020? 0. 0155 and 0. 3480? 0. 0163, respectively(p

This article systematically introduced the development of Smart Healthcare mode in Hangzhou. From the aspects of connotation, pattern, characteristics and the change of medical treatment mode, the authors pointed out that the development of Smart Healthcare must follow such principles as satisfaction of the people, enhanced inter-departmental synergy, government-guided social participation, and full involvement of medical workers.

Bioactive natural products are the material bases of Chinese materia medica resources. With successful applications of synthetic biology strategies to the researches and productions of taxol, artemisinin and tanshinone, etc, the potential ability of synthetic biology in the sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources has been attracted by many researchers. This paper reviews the development of synthetic biology, the opportunities of sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources, and the progress of synthetic biology applied to the researches of bioactive natural products. Furthermore, this paper also analyzes how to apply synthetic biology to sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources and what the crucial factors are. Production of bioactive natural products with synthetic biology strategies will become a significant approach for the sustainable utilization of Chinese materia medica resources.
Artemisinins ; metabolism ; Biosynthetic Pathways ; Biotechnology ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Ginsenosides ; genetics ; metabolism ; Metabolic Engineering ; methods ; Paclitaxel ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; genetics ; metabolism ; Synthetic Biology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the values of the sperm deformity index (SDI), acrosome abnormity rate (AAR), and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) of optimized sperm in the prediction of fertilization failure (fertilization rate < 25%) in conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF).

METHODSWe selected 695 cycles of conventional IVF for pure oviductal infertility in this study, including 603 cycles of normal fertilization and 92 cycles of fertilization failure. On the day of oocyte retrieval, we examined sperm morphology, acrosome morphology, and DNA fragmentation using the Diff-Quik, PSA-FITC and SCD methods. We established the joint predictor (JP) by logistic equation and analyzed the values of different parameters in predicting fertilization failure with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

RESULTSThe fertilization rate was negatively correlated with SDI (r = - 0.07; P = 0.03), AAR (r = -0.49; P < 0.01), and DFI (r = -0. 21; P < 0.01). The SDI, AAR, and DFI in the normal fertilization group were 1.24 ± 0.20, (7.75 ± 2.28)%, and (7.87 ± 3.15)%, and those in the fertilization failure group were 1.42 ± 0.15, (12.02 ± 3.06)%, and (13.32 ± 4.13)%, respectively, all with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). SDI, AAR, and DFI were all risk factors of fertilization failure ( OR = 2.68, 14.11, and 3.85; P = 0.01, < 0.01, and < 0.01). The areas under the ROC curves for SDI, AAR, DFI, and JP were 0.651 ± 0.033, 0.895 ± 0.019, 0.789 ± 0.022, and 0.915 ± 0.017, respectively. According to the Youden index, the optimal cut-off values of SDI, AAR, and DFI obtained for the prediction of fertilization failure were approximately 1.45, 10%, and 12%.

CONCLUSIONThe SDI, AAR and DFI of optimized sperm are closely associated with the fertilization rate, and all have the value for predicting fertilization failure in IVF. The AAR is more valuable than the other single predictors, but JP is more effective than the AAR.

Acrosome ; Area Under Curve ; DNA Fragmentation ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; ROC Curve ; Risk Factors ; Spermatozoa ; abnormalities ; ultrastructure

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Poisoning ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Sulfuric Acid Esters ; poisoning ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of the DNA integrity of optimized sperm on the embryonic development and clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).

METHODSThis study included 605 cycles of conventional IVF-ET for pure oviductal infertility performed from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2014. On the day of retrieval, we examined the DNA integrity of the sperm using the sperm chromatin dispersion method. According to the ROC curve and Youden index, we grouped the cycles based on the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) threshold value for predicting implantation failure, early miscarriage, and fertilization failure, followed by analysis of the correlation between DFI and the outcomes of IVF-ET.

RESULTSAccording to the DFI threshold values obtained, the 605 cycles fell into four groups (DFI value < 5%, 5-10%, 10-15%, and ≥ 15%). Statistically significant differences were observed among the four groups in the rates of fertilization, cleavage, high-quality embryo, implantation, clinical pregnancy, early miscarriage, and live birth (P < 0.05), but not in the rates of multiple pregnancy, premature birth, and low birth weight (P > 0.05). DFI was found to be correlated negatively with the rates of fertilization (r = -0.32, P < 0.01), cleavage (r = -0.19, P < 0.01), high-quality embryo (r = -0.40, P < 0.01), clinical pregnancy (r = -0.20, P < 0.01), and live birth (r = -0.09 P = 0.04), positively with the rate of early miscarriage (r = 0.23, P < 0.01), but not with the rates of multiple pregnancy (r = -0.01, P = 0.83), premature birth (r = 0.04, P = 0.54), and low birth weight (r = 0.03, P = 0.62).

CONCLUSIONThe DNA integrity of optimized sperm influences fertilization, embryonic development, early miscarriage, and live birth of IVF-ET, but its correlation with premature birth and low birth weight has to be further studied.

Abortion, Spontaneous ; Chromatin ; ultrastructure ; DNA Fragmentation ; Embryo Implantation ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; ROC Curve ; Spermatozoa ; cytology

Objective To investigate the influence of previous abdominopelvic surgery on gynecological laparoscopic operation.Methods A retrospective analysis of 3 283 cases of gynecological diseases by laparoscopic operation patients in Peking University First Hospital from 2007 January to 2012 December,among them,719(21.90％) patients with previous abdominopelvic surgery history (study Group),2 564 (78.10％) patients have no history of abdominopelvic surgery (control group).Study group 719 patients,previous operation times:one time in 525 cases,194 cases were multiple; previous operation:185 cases of gynecological surgery,305 cases of obstetric surgery,108 cases of general surgery,and 121 complex surgery (include at least two kinds of surgery) ;previous operative approach:650 cases laparotomy and 69 cases laparoscopy.Compared two groups of patients with abdominopelvic adhesion and the gynecologic laparoscopic operation situation,analyzed the influence of previous abdominopelvic surgery on abdominopelvic adhesionon and gynecological laparoscopic operation.Results The incidence of abdominopelvic adhesion in the patients with previous abdominopelvic surgery was 51.2％ (368/719),which was significantly higher than that of 8.2％ (211/2 564) in patients without previous abdominopelvic surgery (P＜0.01).But the study group score (median 3) and the degree of abdominopelvic adhesion [mild 49.7％ (183/368),moderate 36.1％ (133/368),severe 14.1％ (52/368)] compared with the control group score (median 2) and degree [mild 55.0％(116/211),moderate 25.6％(54/211),and severe 19.4％(41/211)] were no statistical difference (P=0.930,P=0.684).Super-umbilical primary trocar site were chosen more common in patients with previous abdominopelvic surgery (23.1％,166/719) was significantly higher than that in the control group (3.3％,85/2 564; P＜0.01).And the rate of conversion to laparotomy was 0.6％ (4/719)significantly more than the control groups(0.l％,2/2 564; P=0.023).Compared with other groups,patients with gynecological or complex surgery or multiple operation history presented more severe abdominopelvic adhesion both in the score and degree (P＜0.01).The rate of super-umbilical primary trocar site,hospitalization time,operation time and bleeding during operation in patients with multiple operation history were significantly higher than those with single operation history (P＜0.05) ; the rate of blood transfusion,postoperative complication and conversion to laparotomy showed no statistical difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion The laparoscopic operation could be carried out successfully and safely in patients with a history of various abdominopelvic operations,but the conversion rate increases,for patients with a history of multiple operation because of pelvic adhesion increases the difficulty of the laparoscopic operatio