Chemical constituents of the essential oil in above-ground and root of Bupleurum malconense and root of B. chinense were investigated by GC-MS compiled with automated mass spectral deconvolution and identification system (AMDIS) and retention index. The results showd that the components of essential oil in B. malconense have some similarities with the one in B. chinense, and both of them have the higher content of caryophyllene oxide which is an active component of anti-inflammatory and analgesic. These results suggested that as a local substitute, B. malconense has a certain scientific basis of the treatment for cold fever.
Bupleurum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Fever ; drug therapy ; Mass Spectrometry ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

OBJECTIVE: To establish a staging standard for a transplanted hepatoma model in rats, which may be equivalent to the human primary liver cancer. METHODS: A transplanted hepatoma model was made in SD rats by implantation of histologically intact Walker-256 tumor fragment into the left lateral lobe of the liver. The body weight, tumor volume and serum albumin level of the rats were measured and assayed in different periods. Pathological sections were also fabricated to detect the invasion and metastasis of the neighboring tissues. RESULTS: The body weight loss and ascites occurred at the 12th and 18th day separately. The serum albumin level was (35.32+/-2.45) g/L at the 11th day, which showed no statistical difference as compared with the healthy rats (P>0.05), and the albumin level at the 18th day was significantly lower than that at the 11th day (P<0.05). At the 23rd day, 56.25% of the rats developed bloody ascites. CONCLUSION: The period between 5-11 days in the model rats may be correspondent to the early stage of human primary liver cancer, and the biological behavior of the model rats at the18th day may be correspondent to the late stage of human primary liver cancer. This staging standard might be the guideline for model selection in experimental study of primary liver cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the glucose profile in type 2 diabetic gastroparesis.Methods 31 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were enrolled into this study for measurement of gastric emptying of solids and continuous glucose monitoring to observe blood glucose 1evels for 72 hours on a balanced diet;the results were compared with 7 subjects with norinal glucose regulation.Results 58.1%of 31 type 2 diabetic patients were found to have delayed gastric emptying of solids.The average glucose level was lower after breakfast[(7.82±1.42)mmol/L vs(9.35±2.28)mmol/L,P<0.01]in the patients with gastroparesis than in those without.Maximal blood glucose level after breakfast[(10.21±2.17)mmol/L vs (12.24±2.82)mmol/L,P<0.01]was lower in the patients with gastroparesis but it reached the peak at a similar time.Two hour AUC was also lower after breakfast in the patients with gastroparesis[(877.62±Post-prandial glucose levelin type 2 diabetic patients with gastroparesis tends to be lower than those without.

Objective To study the expression and value of CXCR1 and CXCR2 on neutrophils, CD14~+ monocytes and CD3~+ T lymphocytes of peripberol blood of ankylosing spondylitis(AS)patients and to investigate the correlation between CXCR1,CXCR2 and disease activity.Methods A case control study was designed and enrolled 30 active AS,30 active rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and 30 healthy controls.The levels of CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression on neutrophils,CD3~+ T cells and CD14~+ monocytes of peripheral blood of the patients and healthy controls enrolled were measured and analyzed by flow cytometry by measuring the mean fluorescence intensity(MFI)channel.The correlations between the level of CXCR1 and CXCR2 anti disease activity or functional index of AS such as BASDAI,BASF1,ESR and CRP were analyzed.Results The MFI of CXCR1 expression on CD3~+ T lymphocytes of peripheral blood was significantly higher in AS patients (41?24)than that in RA patients(18?10)and healthy controls(19?7)(P

ObjectiveTo evaluate gallbladder conserving gallstone removal and polyps resection using combination laparoscopy,hard gallbladder endoscopy and soft choledochoscopy.MethodsClinical data of 122 patients with cholecystolithiasis or polyps undergoing removal of calculus (polyps) and preservation of gallbladder were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsGallstones in 56 patients and polyps in 24 cases was removed or resected successfully by laparoscopy and hard gallbladder endoscopy; In the remaining 34 cases stones were completely removed by combination soft choledochoscopy; 8 cases were converted to laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Romoved stone was single in 25 cases and multiple in 65 cases,with the number ranging from 1to 52,the diameter of stone ranged from 0.2 cm to 3.2 cm.In the 24 gallbladder polyps,7 cases were single,17 cases were multiple,the diameter of polyp ranged from 0.8cm to 1.2 cm.The operation time was 40-125 (78) min. The mean hospitalization was 4 days. No intraoperative and postoperative complications occurred.All patients were followed up for 1year.Gallstones recurred in 3 cases,and the recurrence rate was 3.06％. ConclusionsLaparoscopy combined with hard gallbladder endoscopy and soft choledochoscopy for removing calculi (polyp) and conserving gallbladder is safe and feasible.

Objective To investigate the value of inflammatory biomarkers such as procalcitonin (PCT),C-reactive protein (CRP),and endotoxin in early diagnosis of bacteriemia patients infected with gram-negative bacteria.Methods A cohort of 79 bacteriemia patients infected with gram-negative bacteria admitted from February 2011 to May 2013 were enrolled for retrospective study.Collected data for analysis included gender,age,disease severity (APACHE Ⅱ score),bacterial isolates from blood culture and other general information.The inflammatory biomarkers such as white blood cell (WBC),neutrophils (NEU),Creactive protein (CRP),procalcitonin (PCT),and endotoxin were assayed within 6 hours after admission.SPSS version 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The test of normality was used for analysis of continuous variables,t-test for inter-group comparison and non-parametric statistics for non-normal distribution variables.The AUC of ROC was calculated for determining the sensitivity and specificity of biomarkers for diagnosis of bacteriemia.Results (1) Statistically positive correlations were found among serum PCT,CRP,and endotoxin levels (PCT/CRP =0.916,PCT/endotoxin =0.496,Endotoxin/CRP =0.387),and between those and APACHE Ⅱ score were (PCT/APACHE Ⅱ =0.505,Endotoxin/APACHE Ⅱ =0.467,CRP/APACHE Ⅱ =0.278),respectively,in bacteriemia patients infected with gram-negative bacteria.(2) The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicated that AUC PCT =0.715 (sen 64.6％,spe 80.7％),AUC CRP =0.666 (sen 67.7％,spe 78.6％),AUC endotoxin =0.771 (sen 78.8％,spe 81.8％) in gram-negative bacteria bloodstream infection patients.(3) The AUC PCT =0.865 (sen 86.2％,spe 77.5％),AUC CRP =0.733 (sen 72.4％,spe 75.0％),AUCendotoxin =0.618 (sen 70.7％,spe 67.5％) in bacteriemia patients infected with gram-negative bacteria in severe sepsis and septic shock group.Conclusions The plasma PCT,CRP,and endotoxin have early predictive value in bacteriemia patients infected with Gram-negative bacteria.In sepsis stage,the level of serum endotoxin has the most significant value for diagnosis.In severe sepsis and septic shock stages,the PCT is the most value for diagnosis of bacteriemia.All biomarkers are positively correlated with severity of the disease.

Objective To study the macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF)expression levels of serum and synovial fluids from patients with spondyloarthropathy(SPA)and its contribution to the pathogen- esis of SpA.Methods Eleven SpA synovial tissue samples were compared to those from peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)of 10 normal subjects using a 1176 gene array.M-CSF was detected in both serum samples and synovial fluids by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Two groups of AS subjects were tested.The first group consisted of 41 ankylosing spondylitis(AS)patients who had not been treated with bio- logics.The second group consisted of 13 subjects whose serum samples were collected before and 14 weeks af- ter initiation of infliximab.These were compared to serum samples from 28 normal subjects,and synovial fluid samples from 15 SpA patients.Results Expression of M-CSF could be detected in both serum samples and synovial fluids.The concentration of M-CSF in the group of 41 AS patients not treated with biologics correlated with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index(BASDAI)values(r=0.41,P=0.004).Treatment of infliximab in AS patients led to a significant decrease in the values of BASDAI(P=0.000 07),but no signif- icant change in the serum M-CSF values.Conclusion M-CSF is a promising candidate for research on the mechanisms of SpA and its signaling on pathway in SpA is different from tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-?,and it may provide new basis for developing new anti-biologics for SpA.

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences in the clinical efficacy on Alzheimer's disease between acupuncture and medicine.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-one patients were randomized into an acupuncture group (72 cases) and a medicine group (69 cases). In the acupuncture group, the needling technique for benefiting qi, promoting blood circulation, regulating mind and improving intelligence was used at Shenting (GV 24), Baihui (GV 20), Fengchi (GB 20), Wangu (GB 12), Danzhong (CV 17), Zhangwan (CV 12), Qihai (CV 6), Xuehai (SP 10) and Zusanli (ST 36). The supplementary acupoints were selected according to the symptoms and physical signs. Acupuncture was given once a day and 6 treatments were required for a week. In the medicine group, the choline sterase inhibitor, donepezil (aricept) was prescribed for oral administration, 1 tablet (5 mg) each time, once every night. Four weeks later, the dose was increased to 2 tablets (10 mg) each time. In the two groups, the treatment of 4 weeks made one session and 4 sessions were required. The changes of scores before and after treatment in the minimum mental state examination (MMSE), the activity of daily living scale (ADL), Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognition (ADAS-cog) and the digit span (DS) were observed.

RESULTSAfter treatment, scores of MMSE and DS were increased as compared with those before treatment (both P < 0.05) and scores of ADL and ADAS-cog were reduced as compared with those before treatment. The score differences in MMSE, ADL, ADAS-cog and DS before and after treatment were significant in the two groups (all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe needling technique for benefiting qi, promoting blood circulation, regulating mind and improving intelligence significantly improves the overall function, cognition and activity of daily life in the patients of Alzheimer's disease and the efficacy is better than donepezil.

Activities of Daily Living ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer Disease ; psychology ; therapy ; Cognition ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab combined with vitrectomy for the treatment of neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Methods The clinical data of 21 NVG patients who had underwent vitrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab 0.5 mg, then were given the vitrectomy after 3 to 5 d after treatment. The whole retinal photocoagulation was performed during the operation. Cataract surgery was combined in 16 patients, and ciliary photocoagulation was combined in another 15 patients. All patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months, and the intraocular pressure, visual acuity and neovascularization of iris (NVI) were observed. Results The rate of NVI symptoms resolving completely 3 weeks after operation was 80.95％(17/21). The intraocular pressure 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after operation was significantly lower than that before operation: (18.6 ± 5.1), (14.3 ± 4.8), (12.8 ± 4.4), (15.1 ± 3.7) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (42.8 ± 7.3) mmHg, and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). Two months after operation, 2 cases were not able to control by chemicals, and were treated with transscleral cyclophotocoagulation. Six months after operation, the intraocular pressure was completely controlled in 15 cases, and conditionally controlled in 6 cases. No ocular hypotension occurred. The visual acuity was not improved in 4 cases, but the rest were improved in different degrees. Conclusions For the patients of NVG combined with vitreous hemorrhage and obvious proliferation, intravitreal injection of ranibizumab in the first place, and then combined with vitrectomy, whole retinal photocoagulation and ciliary photocoagulation can obtain good effect.