Objective To assess the effects of health management on high-risk diabetic populations.Methods A total of 307 diabetic high-risk adults from 6 communities of Tianjin were recruited by using diabetes risk screening technology.Three-month intensive health management and nine-month follow-up were conducted in this participants.Paired t test for continuous variables and paired contingency table x2 test were used for data analysis.Results Energy intake (1989.8 vs.1766.4 kcal,t =6.84,P ＜0.05),effective exercises (120.4 vs.157.5 kcal,t =-5.00,P ＜ 0.05),body weight (73.0 vs.71.5 kg,t =6.92,P ＜0.05),systolic blood pressure (130.4 vs.124.6 mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),t =8.36,P ＜0.05),diastolic blood pressure (81.8 vs.78.4 mm Hg,t =7.40,P ＜ 0.05),serum total cholesterol (5.21 vs.5.08 mmol/L,t =2.73,P ＜ 0.05),fasting plasma glucose (6.4 vs.5.8 mmol/L,t =16.37,P ＜ 0.05)and 2 h postprandial blood glucose (7.7 vs.6.9 mmol/L,t =9.67,P ＜ 0.05) were significantly improved after the intervention.Conclusions Community-based health management may provide an effective way to prevent and control the risk factors of diabetes.

Objective To explore the intellectual profile of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) combined with hypophrenia.Methods The study followed a matching design,37 children with ASD combined with hypophrenia and 40 with simply intelligence disability while paired based on gender and age were selected.The intellectual profile of the studied children was determined with the Wechsler intelligence scale for children-Chinese edition (WISC-R) scale.Results The full intelligence quotient (FIQ) of the ASD group and the control group were (54.70±8.26) and (54.60-±7.17),the differences were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Verbal intelligence quotient(VIQ) and performance intelligence quotient(PIQ) of ASD group were(54.70±8.26) and (64.51±12.25) and the control group were(56.70±8.02) and(57.25±9.43).Children with ASD scored lower on VIQ and higher on PIQ.There was significant difference between the two groups(t=3.582,P＜0.01;t=2.928,P＜0.01).There was statistically significant difference on VIQ-PIQ of ASD group(t=8.14,P＜0.01).The group with ASD had a profile characterized by a high score on Puzzle and Block Design with a low comprehension score.The score of FIQ,VIQ as well as information,arithmetic,comprehension,Picture arrangement were negatively correlated with ABC (r=-0.36,P＜0.05;r=-0.40,P＜ 0.05;r=-0.41,P＜0.05;r=-0.44,P＜0.01;r=-0.44,P＜0.01;r=-0.35,P＜0.05).Conclusion Children with autism spectrum disorders with hypophrenia have special cognitive profile,which can be used to provide basis for making intervention strategies.

Objective: To study the protective effect of enteral nutrition with Salvia miltiorrhiza on injuries multiple organs in rabbits. Method: Forty-four rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: Normal control group (N) 8 rabbits, Endotoxin group (LPS), Enteral nutrition group (LPS+EN) and Enteral nutrition with Salvia miltiorrhiza group (LPS+DS),each 12 rabbits. Three days before given endotoxin, LPS+DS group was fed enteral nutrition fluid with Sallvia miltiorrhiza 80 ml/kg bw (15g salvia per 100 ml fluid) and LPS+ EN group was fed enteral nutrition only.N group was fed the same quantity of normal saline. At the end of 10 d, the rabbits were killed and serum SOD, MDA, endotoxin and intestinal mucus SIgA contents were determined. Small intestine, liver, lung, kidney and heart were taken for pathological examination. Results: Serum MDA of LPS+DS group was much lower than LPS group, endotoxin level also lower , but intestinal SIgA content higher LPS group . The pathological examination showed that the intestinal villi were shortend, injured , and necrotic in LPS group; liver was hemorrhagic at portal area with cytoplasmic vacuolization, lung and kidney were also injuried pathologically. These pathological features were comparatively mild in LPS+EN group and much better in LPS+ DS group. Conclusion: Enteral nutrition with Salvia miltiorrhiza may reduce the oxidative damages of multiple organs induced by endotoxin as shown by increased SIgA of small intestine, maintenance of intestinal mucosa integrity and alleviation of pathological changes of multiply organs in rabbits.

Objective To study the effect of balloon dilatation therapy on dysphagia caused by cricopharyn- geal achalasia.Methods Ten cases of dysphagia were diagnosed as cricopharyngeal achalasia by videofluoroscopic swallowing study(VFSS).A 14~* urethral catheter was inserted into the esophagus and an amount of water was injec- ted into the balloon of the urethral catheter to make it turgid.Then the catheter was pulled upwards and passed through the stricture of esophagus to dilatate the cricopbarygeus muscle.Meanwhile,low frequency electrical stimula- tion was used and combined with functional training of the organs related to deglutition and ingestion.The results be- fore and after the treatment were evaluated.Results After 19.7 times of dilatation therapy,the content of water in- jected into the balloon was increased from 2.65?0.91 ml to 8.20?0.92 ml.Cricopharyngeal achalasia was alle- viated significantly(P

Alkaloids ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Anticonvulsants ; pharmacology ; Benzodioxoles ; Oils, Volatile ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Piper ; chemistry ; Piper nigrum ; chemistry ; Piperidines ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polyunsaturated Alkamides

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of overactive bladder (OAB) in young adults and to explore the influence of OAB on mental health. Methods: Between October 2019 and January 2020, 14,010 anonymous questionnaires were distributed to freshmen at 2 universities in Henan, China. The students came from all over the country. The questionnaire included general items and information necessary to calculate the overactive bladder symptom score, the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, Self-Esteem Scale (SES) score, and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) score. The relationships between the prevalence of OAB and its risk factors were evaluated. Results: The overall prevalence of OAB was 6.0%, with 4.3% of participants characterized as having dry OAB and 1.7% as having wet OAB. The prevalence of mild OAB was 5.5%, and that of moderate OAB was 0.5%; no severe OAB was observed. Higher prevalence rates of OAB were found among women, respondents with constipation, and respondents with primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) (P <0.05). Compared to healthy controls, the OAB group exhibited a higher mean SDS score (52.12±8.986 vs. 47.71±9.399, P<0.001) and mean PSQI score (5.28±2.486 vs. 4.27±2.431, P<0.001), but a lower mean SES score (27.78±3.599 vs. 29.57±4.109, P<0.001). Conclusions OAB significantly affects the mental health of young adults. Female sex, constipation, and PNE are risk factors for OAB.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents from the rhizomes of Smilax glabra.

METHODThe compounds were isolated by column chromatography with silica gel, Diaion HP-20 and ODS as packing materials, and HPLC. Their structures were determined on the basis of their spectral evidence.

RESULT5 dihydro-flavonol glycosides were identified as: astilbin (1), neoastilbin (2), isoastilbin (3), neoisoastilbin (4), (2R, 3R)-taxifolin-3'-O-beta-D-pyranglucoside (5).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 2, 4, 5 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Flavonols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quercetin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Smilax ; chemistry ; Stereoisomerism

Objective: To evaluate the motility of the esophagus while swallowing of brainstem stroke survivors. Methods: Eighteen patients and 10 healthy subjects were included in the study. There was no significant difference in average age, gender, weight or body mass index between the two groups. All underwent high-resolution esophageal manometry to assess esophageal motility while swallowing, and they were rated using the version 3.0 of the Chicago classification. Results: Fourteen of the 18 stroke survivors displayed abnormal esophageal dynamics (77.8%), compared with only 10.0% of the healthy control group, but that difference was not statistically significant. The typical abnormalities were a lack of contraction, high pressure contractile esophagus, gastroesophageal junction outflow obstruction and/or distal esophageal spasm. Compared with the control group, the average resting pressure of the patients′ upper esophageal sphincters (UESs) was significantly lower, while the UES residual pressure and integrated relaxation pressure of their lower esophageal sphincters (LESs) were higher and the average UES relaxation time was significantly shorter. No significant differences were found in the LES resting pressures, distal contractile integrals or the distal latency between the two groups. Conclusions Abnormal esophageal motility is highly prevalent in brainstem stroke survivors and due attention should be paid to it. High-resolution manometry can be used to assess this condition.

Objective:To observe any effect of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) of the prefrontal lobe on dysphagia and impaired cognition, and to explore the neural mechanisms involved.Methods:Twenty-eight patients with dysphagia and mild cognitive impairment were randomly divided into an iTBS group of 16 and a control group of 11. The iTBS group received 20 minutes of iTBS (2 seconds on and 8 seconds off) of the right dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) once daily for 2 weeks, with the intensity at 80% of the resting movement threshold of the right abductor pollicis brevis, while the control group was given sham iTBS. Before and after the treatment, both groups′ cognitive functioning was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), a trial marking test, a digit span test and a Stroop color word test. Video-fluoroscopy was used to record oral transmission times (OTTs), hyoid bone anterior displacement and hyoid bone upward displacement during swallowing. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging measured the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity in the patients′ brains.Results:Before the treatment there was no significant difference in the average indices of cognition or swallowing function between the 2 groups. Afterward the average MoCA score had increased significantly in both groups, with the improvement in the iTBS group significantly greater than that of the controls. Average OTT had shortened significantly in both groups, with significantly greater improvement in the iTBS group. The magnetic resonance imaging showed that after iTBS treatment, local excitation indicators and functional connections in several brain regions had changed. ALFF and ReHo in the right anterior cuneus had increased, ReHo in the left middle temporal gyrus, the orbital region of the left inferior frontal gyrus and the left middle cingulate gyrus had decreased, and functional connectivity in the right DLPFC, the bilateral cuneus and the right middle cingulate gyrus had increased.Conclusions:Two weeks of intermittent TBS of the right DLPFC can improve the swallowing and cognition of persons with dysphagia. Functional reorganization of brain networks may be one of the neural mechanisms involved.

OBJECTIVETo study the optimum acupuncture treatment program and the mechanism for treatment of cerebral infarction.

METHODSSixty-three cases were randomly divided into 9 groups. The four factors, times of manipulation, the retaining time of the needle, acupuncture instrument and acupoints,and their corresponding three levels were adopted respectively in treatment of each group. Then nerve function defect score and insulin resistance were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe acupoints, the times of manipulation and the retaining time of the needle have significant effects on nerve function defect and insulin resistance (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), and the acupuncture instrument has a significant effect on insulin resistance (P < 0.01). The choice of acupoints was the most important factor for acupuncture treatment of cerebral infarction.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture for regulating The Governor Vessel with twice manipulations and retaining the needle for 60 min is optimum treatment program for cerebral infarction. The good regulating effect of acupuncture on insulin resistance is one of the mechanisms of achieving the therapeutic results.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Cerebral Infarction ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Needles