Objective To evaluate the independent effect of premorbid statins on incident ischemic stroke severity and outcome at discharge.Methods We included consecutive patients with ischemic stroke and recorded demographic data,vascular risk factors,Oxfordshire Classification,the method of treatment National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score,previous statins treatment,and outcome discharge.We analyzed the data using univariate methods and a logistic regression with the dependent variable of good outcome(Barthel Index,BI 95 to 100).Results A total of 185 individuals met study criteria:57 patients were on statins agents prior to admission and 128 were on no statins.Pretreatment with statins was associated with lower presenting median NIHSS(6.0 vs 13.0,P

Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Humans ; Hypertension, Renal ; surgery ; Kidney ; innervation ; surgery ; Sympathectomy

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for determining the contents of protocatechuic acid,rutin,gallic acid and kaempferol in Uygur medicine Capparis spinosa. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Agilent C18 with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution(7∶93,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 327 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃ and volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 0.260 0-50.0 μg for protocatechuic ac-id(r=0.995 6),3.109 0-102.0 μg for rutin(r=0.999 9),1.018 0-40.0 μg for gallic acid (r=0.998 9) and 0.063 0-36.0 μg for kaempferol(r=0.998 8);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all no more than 1.20%;average recoveries were respectively 101.51%(RSD=1.85%,n=6),99.70%(RSD=1.23%,n=6),98.28%(RSD=1.86%,n=6) and 100.97%(RSD=1.74%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is specific,and can fast and accurately determine the contents of protocate-chuic acid,rutin,gallic acid and kaempferol in Uygur medicine C. spinosa.

Objective To explore motivation alteration influencing factors of internet addiction disorder (IAD) undergraduates.Methods The study sampled randomly 793 undergraduates from China University.According to CIAS-R and Young's internet addiction diagnostic criteria,a total of 37 internet addicts were selected.Internet addiction survey was used to study the motivation alteration influencing factors of IAD undergraduates.Results (1) The negative effect of internet using on academy,personal relationship etc.(damage from internet using) had a significant positive correlation with motivation alteration (r =0.672,0.699,0.658,P ＜ 0.01 ; r =0.653,0.673,0.628,P ＜ 0.01 ; r =0.604,0.681,0.703,P ＜ 0.01).(2) Benefit from psychological satisfactory level of internet using had no significant difference with motivation alteration.(3) Self-efficiency of behavioral control on using internet had a significant negative correlation with motivation alteration (r =-0.397,-0.370,P ＜0.05).Conclusion The motivation alteration of IAD undergraduates is influenced by the factors of damage from internet using,sense of achievement,self-efficiency of behavioral control on using internet and so on.

Objective To investigate the expression of CD14/CD16 by monocytes and the anti-inflammatory effects of hypertonic saline plus dextran (HSD) in adult blunt trauma patients in hemonhagic shock. Method A total of 30 adult patients were eligible for inclusion in the study if they sustained blunt trauma from March to October 2007 and had at least one recorded episode of hypotension (systolic blood pressure ≤ 90 mm Hg) with clear evidence of blood loss (external or internal including the thorax, abdomen or retroperitoneum). Patients were excluded if they refused to participate, were admitted ≥ 6 hours after injury, were pregnant, or had chronic disease. The enrolled patients were randomly divided in a double-blinded manner into an HSD group which was administered 7.5% Nad plus 6% dextran - 70, and a control group which was administered 0.9% NaCl. A single 250 ml dose of either HSD or NaO was immediately administered to the patients in each of the two groups while they were in the emergency room. The primary outcomes were to measure the changes in CD4/CD16 expression by monocytes and the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-lra and IL-10. Patient demographics, fluid requirements, organ dysfunction, infection and death were recorded. Results A total of 28 patients were enrolled with no significant differences in their clinical measurements. Hyperosmolarity was modest and transient. HSD altered the shock-induced monocyte redistribution pattern by reducing the drop in the "classic" CD14 ++ subset and remarkably affecting the expansion of the "pro-inflammatory" CD14+CD16+ subsets. In parallel, HSD significamly reduced pro-inflammatory TNF-α production while increasing anti-inflammatory IL-lra and IL-10 production. Conclusions This human trial demonstrates that HSD has anti-inflammatory and immunologic properties for trauma patients in hemorrhagic shock. HSD exerts profound immunomodulatory effects, promoting more balanced pro-/anti-inflammatory responses and reducing post-traumatic complications. Therefore, it could be useful in attenuating post-trauma multiorgan dysfunction (MOD).

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of gallic acid in different preparation parts of Phyl-lanthus emblica. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of ZORBAX Extend C18 with mobile phase of methanol-0.1%phosphoric acid (10:90,V/V) at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 270 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃ and the volume injection was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range of gallic acid was 0.042 5-0.212 5 mg/ml;RSDs of precision,accura-cy and stability tests were lower than 3.0%;recovery was 99.38%-102.14%(RSD=1.045,n=6). The mass fraction of gallic acid in P. emblica was 1.80%,and the content of gallic acid in different preparation parts was 0.70%-2.38%. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,reproducibility,and can be used for the content determination of gallic acid in different preparation parts of P. em-blica.

Objective To study the effects of drug-containing serum of Ficus Hirta on oxidative damage of spleen lymphocyte due to aging in aged mice; To discuss its mechanism of action.Methods Forty aged mice were randomly divided into control group and high-, medium- and low-dose Ficus Hirta groups. Control group was given 0.9% sodium chloride solution for gavage, while high-, medium- and low-dose Ficus Hirta groups were given 6.6, 4.4, and 2.2 g/kg aqueous extract of Ficus Hirta for gavage. The spleen index was observed for optimum dose in aged mice. The optimum time and dilution of drug-containing serum of Ficus Hirta were confirmed by MTT method in lymphocyte proliferation test. The positive rate of senescent cells, the activity of T-SOD and the contents of MDA and ROS were determined in cellular antioxidant experiment after treated by optimal drug-containing serum for 48 h. Results Compared with the control group, the spleen index was significantly improved in high-, medium- and low-dose Ficus Hirta groups (P<0.05,P<0.01). 20% drug-containing serum of Ficus Hirta cultivated for 48 h had the best effects on lymphocyte proliferation in aged mice. 20% drug-containing serum of Ficus Hirta could significantly decrease the positive rate of senescent cells (P<0.01), improve T-SOD activity and decrease the contents of MDA and ROS (P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion The drug-containing serum of Ficus Hirta can improve the proliferative activity of spleen lymphocyte in aged mice and the mechanism of action may be involved in decreasing the positive rate of senescent cells and increasing antioxidant ability of lymphocyte.

Objective To determine the interference effect of H. hepaticus infection on the functional characteris-tics of dendritic cell ( DC) surface molecules and immune response in mice. Methods Male BALB/c mice were inocula-ted with H. hepaticus (ATCC 51450). Murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) were isolated and co-cultured which were stimulated by GM-CSF and IL-4 at the fifth month after the last inoculation. Then the DCs were subjected to FACS analysis for surface markers (CD11c, CD40, CD80 and MHCII) detection. On this basis, virus suspension of New-castle disease virus( NDV) ZJ1 strain was inoculated into the mice. Serum was collected for detection of the NDV antibody titer in serum weekly to explore the difference of antibody titer between the two groups. Results The expression rates of CD40 and MHCII on the mouse DCs in experimental group were higher than that in the control group. The NDV antibody ti-ter of experimental group was slightly lower than that in the control group in the first week. During the 2nd to 5th weeks, the titer was higher than that in the control group, with a very significant difference. In the 6th week, the titer of both the two groups tended to fall. Conclusions H. hepaticus infection can promote bone marrow DC maturation in mice, stimulate the expression rates of MHC II and CD40, and enhance the NDV antibody levels.

BACKGROUND: Increase of fibrinogen is an independent risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular disease and peripheral angiopathy. Fibrinogen and its degradation product exist in carotid atheromatous plaque and it can stimulate proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells so as to play a key role in early atherosclerosis.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between plasma fibrinogen and carotid atheromatous plaque.DESIGN: Descriptive observation.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Medical Collegeof Shanghai Jiaotong University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 81 patients with ischemic stroke were selected from Neurological Department of Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University from September to December 2001.There were 53 males and 28 females aged 41-85 years with the mean age of (65±11) years.METHODS: On the basis of carotid ultrasonography, 81 patients with ischemic stroke were divided into present plaque group (n=45) and absent plaque group (n=36) to measure plasma fibrinogen, serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and other risk factors of atherosclerosis so as to observe the correlation between risk indexes and carotid atheromatous plaque.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Risk indexes of carotid atherosclerosis and carotid atheromatous plaque.RESULTS: All 81 patients were involved in the final analysis. ① Values of fibrinogen, TC and LDL-C in present plaque group were (4.38±1.33) g/L,(5.19±1.27) mmol/L and (3.15±0.37) mmol/L, respectively, which were higher than those in absent plaque group [(3.20±1.30) g/L, (4.56±1.30) mmol/L,(2.49±0.92) mmol/L, P ＜ 0.05]. ② Ratios of carotid atheromatous plaque were 11% (5 cases), 16% (7 cases) and 73% (33 cases) in fibrinogen groups at Iow, moderate and high dosages, respectively. There was significant difference (P =0.002). ③ Multiple factor analyses of carotid atherosclerosis showed that the risk factors which promoted the formation of carotid atheromatous plaque were diabetes mellitus, low density lipoprotein (LDL), fibrinogen and age growing.CONCLUSION: Fibrinogen plays an active role in development and progression of carotid atheromatous plaque.

Objective To compare the efficiency of bacteria culture and PCR assays for detection of Staphylococcus aureus ( S.aureus) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P.aeruginosa) and Klebsiella pneumoniae ( K.pneumoniae) in laboratory rats and mice.Methods Bacteria culture combined with biochemical identification and PCR assay were used to detect 78 SPF rats and 422 SPF mice and the results of the two methods were compared .Results All the 78 rats were negative .Of the 422 mice, the positive rate by culture was 7.11%(30/422), of which, 10 were S.aureus, 22 were P.aeruginosa, and 2 were K.pneumoniae.The positive rate by PCR was 7.58%(32/422), of which, 10 were S.aureus, 25 were P. aeruginosa, and 2 were K.pneumoniae.Conclusions The high sensitivity , rapid procedure and easy to operate of PCR assay makes it valuable for rapid bacteria diagnosis and large-scale screening in laboratory animals .