Objective The purpose of this study is to compare the most comfortable levels and neural re-sponse imaging threshold between children of cochlear implants with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and normal inner ears. Methods Thirty-eight implanted children participated in this study and were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 32 patients with normal inner ears and group B 6 patients with radiographically proven large vestibular aqueduct syndrome. All of the patients were the recipients of the cochlear implants by Advanced Bionics. The initial time for the first programming session was approximately one month after surgery. The psychophysical tests included M- level tests. Programming techniques used in the test were suitable for the age of patients. Sound-Wave 1.4 software was used to test tNRI. Results Using the rank sum test, M-level and tNRI of electrode 3,7,11 and 15 did not differ significantly between group A and B(P>0. 05). Conclusion The parameters of mapping are not significantly different between the implanted children with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and normal inner ear. The management and procedures of mapping used to the subjects with normal inner ear can be applied to the children with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome.

Objective To investigate the factors affecting pulse transit time during anesthesia. Methods Sixty cases of gastrointestinal surgery under general anesthesia were investigated.The pulse transit time (PTT),BP and HR were measured at the time before and after intravenous anes-thesia induction,and at the time before and after the injection of vasoactive drugs,respectively. Results Compared to at the time before injection,HR,SBP and DBP increased significantly,and PTT decreased significantly (P <0.01 )at the time after injection of atropine and ephedrine.Com-pared to at the time before injection,HR and PTT increased significantly,while SBP and DBP de-creased significantly (P < 0.01 )at the time after injection of nicardipine.While HR and PTT de-creased significantly,and SBP,DBP increased significantly (P <0.01 )with the injection of pheny-lephrine.Obvious negative correlation between SBP and PTT was observed before and after induc-tion;meanwhile,only weak correlation between DBP and PTT was observed,and no obvious correla-tion between HR and PTT was detected.SBP and PTT were well negatively correlated with the injec-tion of atropine,ephedrine,nicardipine or phenylephrine.Conclusion All the PTT changes during anesthesia were found to be negatively correlated with the systolic blood pressure.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of SalB on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) apoptosis induced by hypoxia and serum deprivation (hypoxia/SD) in the vitro. Methods BMSCs were cultured in the vitro and randomly divided into control group, hypoxia/SD group and SalB group.SalB group was composed by four groups and were pretreated by complete medium with 0.1、 1、 10、 100 mg/L SalB for 1 hour. And after that they were washed with phosphate buffer for 2 times, added by IMDM with 0.1、1、 10、 100 mg/L SalB and cultured with hypoxia/SD group together in the same condition of hypoxia/SD for 6hours. The control group was cultured for 6 hours in the condition of aerobic and enough serum. Apoptosis was detected by Hoechst33342 staining with inverted phase contrast, fluorescence microscope and Annexin V/PI dual-color flow cytometry. Results Significant apoptosis of BMSCs was induced by hypoxia/SD in the vitro.The early apoptosis of BMSCs induced by hypoxia/SD was significantly decreased by SalB of 0.1、 1、 10 mg/L(P＜0.05) . Conclusion0.1、 1、 10 mg/L SalB can decrease the early apoptosis of BMSCs induced by hypoxia/SD.

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Humans

Objective: To observe effects of Yiangxuefukang Granules on the contractile function of uterine smooth muscles. Methods: Both the uteri of Sprague Dawley rats within 4～6 days postpartum and the uteri isolated from women of caesarean operation were used to study the effects of Yiangxuefukang Granules on the contractile amplitude, frequency and vitality of uterine smooth muscles. Results: The Granules significantly increased the contractile amplitude, frequency and vitality of both rat uterine smooth muscless in vivo and human uterine strips isolated.Conclusion: The Granules can be used in the treatment of the postpartum hemorrhage and the poor uterine involution caused mainly by lacking in the strength of uterine contraction.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of NB09 (China Pediatric Neuroblastoma cooperative group 09) protocol on children with high-risk and ultra-high risk neuroblastoma. Methods The clinical and follow-up data of pa?tients who suffered from high-risk (n=7) and ultra-high risk (n=31) neuroblastomas and admitted in Tumor hospital of Tian?jin Medical University between January 2009 to January 2013 were retrospectively reviewed (27 boys and 11 girls). The age at diagnosis was 19-160 months (median age was 36.5 months). In the high risk group, patients were evaluated and operated after 4 to 6 circles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In ultra-high risk group, patient received chemotherapy before and after op?eration, then autologous stem cell transplantation and tumor bed radiotherapy. After chemotherapy, retinoic acid treatment was given to patients in ultra high risk group as in high risk group. Results At the end of treatment, 25 patients achieved complete remission; 5 patients achieved partial remission; 3 patients were in stable disease;5 patients were deteriorating in their conditions which lead to 2 deaths. In total, the response rate reaches upto 86.8%. By the end of follow up, 15 patients had a disease-free-survival, 9 patients survived with tumor, 7 died from recurrence and 7 died from deteriorating conditions. Survival time ranged from 6 to 52 months (median survival 25.5 months). The 1-, 2- and 3-year overall survival were 91.7%, 64.5%and 57.3%respectively. Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-rank test showed no statistical significance between high risk and ultra-high risk neuroblastomas. Conclusion The outcome of NB09 protocol for high risk and ultra-high risk neuroblastoma was preliminary affirmed. It is worthy of further clinical verification.

This article was aimed to explore the effect of acupuncture on HDAC2 activity in peripheral blood of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rats. The COPD rat model was established by cigarette smoking. Acupuncture was given for 3 consecutive weeks. The lung ventilation of rat was detected by equipment. Peripheral blood of rat was taken after 3 weeks. The HDAC2 enzyme activity was detected by fluorescence technology. ELISA was used in the detection of IL-10, IL-8 and TNF-αexpression in peripheral blood. The results showed that after acupuncture treatment, the lung ventilation was obviously increased compared with the model group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the HDAC2 activity in the peripheral blood of rat was obviously increased (P < 0.05). However, the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-10, IL-8 and TNF-α was obviously reduced (P < 0.05). It was concluded that acupuncture treatment had a good efficacy on COPD rat. It indicated that acupuncture treatment might regulate HDAC2 activity to reduce inflammation.

Objective To investigate the role of autophagy and synaptophysin (SYP) in cognitive impairment in de?pressed rats receiving electroconvulsive shock (ECS). Methods Clean and healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were acclimatized to a standard laboratory environment for 7 days. The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to establish the rat model of depression. Behavior tests were conducted before and after CUMS to evaluate the depression and cognition level of rats. After establishment of the model, 24 rats were randomly divided into ESC group (group E) and depression group (group D) with 12 rats in each group. The rats in group E were administered 80 mg/kg of propofol (10 mg/mL) by intraperitoneal injection, followed by ECS treatment. The rats in group D were administered propofol by intra?peritoneal injection, followed by sham-ECS treatments. The above interventions were conducted daily for 7 consecutive days. After the interventions, rats underwent behavior tests as before. Subsequently, rats were killed and specimens were collected for measurements. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine autophagy markers such as Beclin 1 and LC3Ⅱand ELISA was used to detect SYP in the hippocampus. Results Group E after ECS significantly increased the percentage of sucrose preference (68.2%±8.7%), rearing times (7.0±1.9), total horizontal distance [(569.5±70.0) cm], es? cape latency [(21.9±5.3)s] and space exploration time [(20.5±3.9)s] compared with group D or group E before ECS. There was no significant difference in these index between groups before ECS or in group E between before and after ECS(P>0.05). Compared with group D, group E had upregulated protein expression levels of Beclin 1 and LC3Ⅱin CA1, CA3, DG as well as the area near the hippocampus and increased SYP contents (P<0.05). Conclusions Cognitive impairment in depression rats following ECS correlates with activated autophagy and increased SYP by ECS.

Objective To investigate the imaging characteristics of mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma of the kindey (MTSCC-K).Methods Five cases of pathologically confirmed MTSCC-K were analyzed retrospectively.All patients underwent CT scanning,and 4 cases underwent conventional MR and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) scanning.MR enhancement ratio for the tumor was calculated according to MR signal intensity of pre-and post-contrast in tumor and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of tumor and normal renal cortical.Results Two case located in the right kindey,and 3 cases located in the left kindey.The maximum diameter of lesions ranged from 3.2 cm to 7.1 cm.Five cases showed nearly round shape with clear borderline.Pseudocapsule was found in 4 cases,3 cases had necrosis and cystic,and 1 case had calcification.There were no hemorrhage,fat and invasion of adjacent tissue.Isodensity or hypodense tumors were found on plain CT.Isointense or hyperintense tumors were found on plain T1WI,while isointense or mixed-signal tumors were found on plain T2WI.Slightly homogeneous or heterogeneous enhancement was observed on dynamic enhanced CT or MR,and the solid component of tumors showed hyperintense on DWI and hypointense on ADC.The mean CT value of tumor at the plain,cortical and nephrographic phase was 32.6 HU,46.5 HU and 66.5 HU,respectively.The mean ADC value of tumor and normal renal cortical was 1.23 × 10-3 mm2/s and 2.31 × 10-3 mm2/s,respectively.The mean MR percentage of enhancement value of tumor was 32.7％ and 104.9％,respectively.Conclusions The imaging characteristics of MTSCC-K include nearly round shape,pseudocapsule,clear borderline,necrosis,cystic and calcification.There is no invasion of adjacent tissue and seldom malignant appearances.Isodensity or hypodense can be observed on plain CT,isointense or hyperintense on plain T1WI,and a mild continuously enhancement on dynamic enhanced scanning.

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of CXCR3 in regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the renal tissues of mice with renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury .Methods Forty-eight SPF male C57BL/6J mice ,aged 8-12 yr ,weighing 20-25 g ,were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n=16 each ) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S) ,group I/R and CD25 monoclonal antibody PC61 group (group P) . Bilateral kidneys were exposed and their pedicles were occluded for 45 min with atraumatic mini-clamp followed by 72 h reperfusion .PC61 250 μg was injected intraperitoneally at 24 h before the model was established .Blood samples were collected from the inferior vena cava at 24 and 72 h of reperfusion (T1 ,2 ) for determination of serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations .Bilateral kidneys were obtained for determination of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg count and CXCR3+ CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg count in renal tissues and the pathological changes of the kidney were scored .Results Compared with group S , the serum BUN and Cr concentrations and pathological scores were significantly increased at T1 ,2 in I/R and P groups ,and the number of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg and CXCR3+ CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg was increased at T2 in I/R group ( P<0.05) .Compared with group I/R ,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations and pathological scores were significantly increased at T2 ,and the number of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg and CXCR3+ CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg was decreased at T2 in P group ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion Up-regulation of CXCR3 is helpful in migration of Tregs into the renal tissues of mice with renal I/R injury .