Precision medicine is a medical model that proposes the individual therapy,with a joint medical method of genomics,proteomics,metabolomics and clinical big data tailored to the individual patient.The diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer have entered the model of precision medicine with the entering the era of precision medicine.In this article,authors summarized the recent progress of diagnosis and therapy under the guidance of precision medicine,with an aim to provide some new clues for surgeons and supports for precision prevention,diagnosis and therapy.

Muscle spasticity is one of the common complications in the paraplegic patients who suffer from spinal cord injury (SCI). Spasticity can result in limbs pain, joint contracture and malformation, then affects walking and the capability of keeping the posture in wheelchairs. Moreover, spasticity can increase the incidence rate of heterotopic ossification and fracture and seriously affects patients' daily life and rehabilitation therapy accordingly. There are many kinds of treatments aimed at spasticity at present, such as drug, exercise therapy, physiotherapy, nerve block treatment, operation treatment, and so on. However, single treatment doesn't achieve good effect. So it is common that many kinds of treatments are combined to treat spasticity. This article simply introduces the mechanism, symptom and evaluation of the muscle spasticity after SCI and discusses in full the treatment of the muscle spasticity by reviewing recent literatures.

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of serum procalcitonin (PCT) level in children with acute phase of Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods The serum PCT levels and their changes before and after the treatment in 120 children with KD at acute phase were retrospectively analyzed. According to the results of ultrasonic echocardiography, all children were divided into coronary artery damage (CAL) group and no coronary artery lesion (NCAL) group. According to the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms, patients were divided into two groups (A: yes and B: no ). According to the presence of abnormal liver function, patients were divided into two groups (C:yes and D:no). PCT levels were compared between groups. Results The serum PCT levels were increased at acute phase in 56 (46.67%) patients before the treatment than those in normal children, which were decreased obviously after treatment (P<0.05). There were 31 cases combined with CAL, the rising rate of PCT was 38.71%, which was no significant difference compared with that of NCAL group (49.44%, P>0.05). There was no significant difference in serum PCT value between CAL group and NCAL group (P>0.05). The serum C-reactive protein level was significantly higher in CAL group than that of NCAL group. There were 35 patients combined with gastrointestinal symptoms in 120 KD patients. There was no significant difference in the rising rate of PCT between patients with gastrointestinal symptoms (62.86%) and patients without gastrointestinal symptoms (40.00%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in serum PCT level between these two groups of patients. There were 42 cases with liver dyfunction in 120 KD patients, the PCT rising rate (52.38%) was no statistically significant difference compared with that of patients with no liver dyfunction (43.59%, P>0.05). And there was no significant difference in serum PCT value between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion PCT can reflect the acute phase of KD patients. The increased PCT level may be related with the emergence of gastrointestinal symptoms, even though it cannot predict CAL and the occurrence of liver damage.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Blumea balsamifera (BBE) residue on treating rats of adjuvant arthritis (AA) and its mechanism.

METHODThe rats were immunized with the Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). After modeling, 28 days' treatment with BBE was performed. During the experimental process, rat mass, toe girth, arthritic index (AI), proliferation of immune organs and pathological section were measured. After treatment, blood samples were collected through fossa orbitalis vein for detection of serum SOD, MDA, GSH, NO, OH*, ALP, AST, ALT, NAG and SA content using colorimetric method and IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α content using ELISA method.

RESULTAdministration with BBE (high dose) could significantly ameliorate joint swelling and arthritis index, effectively inhibit synovial hyperplasia, down-regulate the levels of MDA, NO, OH*, ALP, AST, ALT, NAG, SA, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and up-regulate the SOD and GSH levels in serum.

CONCLUSIONThe results suggested BBE possesses substantial anti-arthritis and antioxidant activities.

Acetates ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Arthritis, Experimental ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Interleukin-1 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Societies, Medical ; United States

All previous literatures about Chinese herbal medicines show distinctive traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) flavors. Compendium of Materia Medica is an influential book in TCM history. The TCM flavor theory and flavor standardization principle in this book has important significance for modern TCM flavor standardization. Compendium of Materia Medica pays attention to the flavor theory, explain the relations between the flavor of medicine and its therapeutic effects by means of Neo-Confucianism of the Song and Ming Dynasties. However,the book has not reflected and further developed the systemic theory, which originated in the Jin and Yuan dynasty. In Compendium of Materia Medica , flavor are standardized just by tasting medicines, instead of deducing flavors. Therefore, medicine tasting should be adopted as the major method to standardize the flavor of medicine.
Materia Medica ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Reference Standards ; Taste

Adult ; Arsenic Poisoning ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; chemically induced ; diagnosis ; drug therapy

Objective To establish stable Graves disease (GD) mice models with immunization and electroporation (EP).Methods Fifty mice were divided into 3 groups by random number table method:experimental group (n =30),control group (n =10),blank group (n =10).Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/hTSHR268 was constructed and injected to bilateral gastrocnemius in experimental group mice on the 1st,4th,7th and 10th week.The same volume of normal saline was injected in the control group and blank group at the same time.Both experimental group and control group were subjected to EP at the same time and the same location to enhance immunization.Serum T4 was tested with radioimmunoassay.TRAb N-terminal (TRAb N) and TRAb C-terminal (TRAb C) antibodies were tested with ELISA.Whole body 99TcmO4-imaging was performed and then thyroid morphology and pathology were investigated.Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference (LSD) t test.Results GD BALB/c mice models were built successfully (80％,24/30).Serum T4 increased from (16.06±5.16) nmol/L at the basic level to(95.04±68.92) nmol/L on the 12th week(F=18.906,t=-5.598,P＜0.05).Serum TRAb N antibody increased from (0.006±0.002) U/L at the basic level to (0.251±0.110) U/L on the 12th week(F=47.491,t=-10.869,P＜0.05).Serum TRAb C antibody increased from (11.176±2.635)×103 arbitrary unit (AU)/L at the basic level to (46.395±22.001)× 103 AU/L on the 12th week(F=14.642,t =-7.787,P＜0.05).On the 18th week serum T4,TRAb N and TRAb C decreased to (36.64±23.68) nmol/L,(0.094±0.053) U/L and (24.456±6.725)× 103 AU/L respectively,which were still higher than those preimmune levels(t=-4.161,-8.085,-9.008,all P＜0.05).There were no significant change of T4,TRAb N and TRAb C in the control group and blank group.After 4 times of immunization,the 99TcmO4-uptake by thyroids in immunized mice increased.The thyroid glands of immunized mice showed enlargement.Microscope examination showed that there were lymphocytes infiltration,colloid decrease and epithelial cell proliferation in thyroids of immunized mice.Conclusion GD mice models were successfully established by injecting recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/hTSHR268 and EP.

[Objective] To study the methods of inducing bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)of rabbits into chondrocytes in vitro and the interaction of transforming growth factor ?1(TGF-?1),insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF).[Methods]BMSCs of rabbits were primarily cultured and subcultured in vitro,and then divided into four groups according to the difference of factors:group A receiving TGF-?1 and bFGF;group B receiving TGF-?1 and IGF-Ⅰ;group C receiving TGF-?1;group D receiving no cell growth factor.After three weeks all the four groups were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay,measurement of glycosaminoglycan(GAG)and immunohistochemistry.[Results]Immunohistochemical detection of collagen Ⅱ was positive in groups A,B and C.The results of the MTT assay and the GAG content in groups A and B were obviously higher than those in groups C and D.[Conclusion]Rabbit BMSCs can be induced into chondrocytes under certain conditions.TGF-?1,IGF-Ⅰ and bFGF have synergy effect in the differentiation from BMSCs into chondrocytes.