Objective To develop a method for the determination of cobalt in urine by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GFAAS).Methods Usingthe matrixmodifier tofind the best condition byimprovingthe cineration temperature and reducing the interference of gas phase in atomization stage.Results The best cineration temperature and atomization temperature was 1 200 ℃and 2 450 ℃respectively,taking15% PdCl2,NH3H2PO4 and HNO3 as the matrix modifier.The background absorb value was less than 0.05.The linear range was 0～75 ?g/L,the correlation coefficient was over 0.999,the average recovery rate was 97.2%,the relative standard deviations were 3.5%～6.5%,the detection limit was 1.5 ?g/L.The result of 16 urine samples determined with the present method showed no significant difference compared with that by using polarography.Conclusion This method is sensitive,accurate,simple and is applicable tothe determination ofcobalt in urine.

Objective To establish a SPE-HPLC method for the determination of carbaryl and atrazine in water.Methods Carbaryl and atrazine in water were extracted with Oasis HLB and were eluted with CH3OH,CH3OH-H2O(55:45) was applied as mobile phase,the flow rate was 0.8 ml/min,detection wavelength was 220 nm,column was Symmetry Shield RP18(150 mm ? 3.9 mm,5 ?m),carbaryl and atrazine in water were determined by PDA detector.Results The linear range of the method was 0.05-10.0 mg/L(y=316 263x-350 9,r=0.999 9,for carbary;y=140 151x-258 6,r=0.999 9,for atrazine),The lowest detected concentration was 0.0002 mg/L for carbary and 0.000 5 mg/L for atrazine,respectively(S/N≥3).The recovery rates were 89.6%-97.0%,and the relative standard deviation was 4.0%-6.7%.Conclusion The method was sensitive,accurate and repeatable,which was applicable to the determination of carbaryl and atrazine in water.

BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is a new rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing technology. OBJECTIVE: Through the analysis of the related papers, the paper summarizes and discusses the research progress of 3D printing technology, the prospect of application in joint replacement and the status quo and development trend of 3D printing technology in joint replacement.METHODS: The relevant literature was retrieved by the first author with the China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI) and PubMed database from 1985 to 2015. The key words were 3D printing technology, rapid prototyping, arthroplasty, joint replacement. The included 81 articles were analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Basic research and clinical application of 3D printing technology and joint replacementtechnology are becoming more and more popular. 3D printing further optimizes in the communication and teaching in joint replacement, and avoids intraoperative and postoperative complications. According to the needs of different teaching materials, 3D printing can print out different parts of the real body with different characteristics of print by 3D printer. The surgical simulation exercises with 3D limb printing different materials are the best way to improve theoperation skills. 3D printing technology in the osteotomy guide precision has basically completed multicenter clinical trial,and toward to the clinical application of small scale stage. The construction of individualized treatment plan and theapplication of active biological organs by 3D printing technology will become the new research direction of jointreplacement.

BACKGROUND:Nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 is a new nanobionic composite material and has good biocompatibility and bone conduction, but after implantation, whether the composite material can bind to vertebral bone interface and whether it is safe in clinical use stil need further studies. OBJECTIVE: To observe the ability of nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide composite binding to the interface of artificial humeral head. METHODS: The rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: composite group was implanted with nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide composites; control group implanted with autologous bone. After the replacement, rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were subjected to primary culture, and then the cels were co-cultured with the composite material. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 24 hours after culture, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels grew wel on the composite materials. The cel adhesion rate was significantly higher in the composite group than the control group at 1 and 4 hours after culture (P < 0.05). After co-culture 4.5, 5.5, 6.5 hours, the absorbance value of cels in the composite group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). At 24 weeks after replacement, changing ranges in the proportions of bone tissue and fibrous layers on the implant surface as wel as coverage rate in the composite group were the highest (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the nano-hydroxyapatite/ polyamide composite implant has a certain binding capacity, which can make a good interface osseointegration.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Amanita ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mushroom Poisoning ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To develop a method for the determination of DBP and DEHP in cosmetics by GC-MS. Methods The samples was extracted by methanol or acetic ether, DBP and DEHP were separated by GC and determined by MS. Results The linear range, regression equation of calibration curve and correlation coefficient were 0.5-100.0 ?g/ml, y=2?106 x-2?106, 0.999 6 for DBP respectively and 5.5-110.0 ?g/ml, y=988 223 x-7?106, 0.995 9 for DEHP respectively. Based on threefold ratio of signal and noise, as the sample was 1.0 and 0.2 g respectively, the volume was 10.0 ml, the detection limits were 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg respectively for both DBP and DEHP. The recovery rates were 90.8%-119.0% for DBP and 90.4%-115.3% for DEHP. Relative standard deviations were 4.8%-9.8% for DBP and 6.0%-8.6% for DEHP. Conclusion This method is sensitive, accurate and high reproducible, and was applicable to the determination of DBP and DEHP in the cosmetics.

Objective To study the effect of oxigenated leukodepletion filter(OLF), in order to evaluate its potential value in battlefield trauma application.Methods 12 bags of whole blood were filtered by OLFs, while the other 12 by normal filters,some indexes including ,partial pressure of oxygen(PO 2),O 2 saturation of oxygen(SO 2),HbO 2 WBC,RBC counter and volume of RBC supernatant were measured before and after leukocyte filtration.Results PO 2,SO 2 and HbO 2 increased 57%,51% and 53% respectively after filtration by OLFs, the residual leukocyte count decreased to (3 37?0 54)?10 7 each bag,and the leukocyte clearance rate was (97 52?0 74)%.Conclusions OLF can improve the effect of blood transfusion and reduce some acute transfusion adverse reactions.Thereby,application of the OLF has binefits significantly to heal the wounded patients in battlefield trauma.

Objective To study the injurous effect of leukocytes on vital organs of hemorrhagic shock dog and role of leukocyte depletion filter in reducing the injury.Methods A canine model of hemorrhagic shock was established.12 male dogs were divided into blank group,whole blood transfusion group and leukocyte depletion group. Same amount of 0 9% physiological saline,whole blood of the canine itself and filtrated whole blood (i.e. lack of leukocytes) were back transfused respective correspondingly, changes in parameters such as white blood cells counting, LDH, MDA, GOT and the pathological changes in heart, lung, liver and kidney were detected among different treatment groups.Results Higher level of WBC,LDH, AST and MDA were observed in the group with whole blood transfused than in the group of leukocyte-depletion transfused. The pathological changes in liver and kidney indicated more serious injury happened in whole blood group than in the leukocyte-depletion group.Conclusion The Leukocyte depletion filter in itself can definitely alleviate the damages in the canine vital organs when reperfusion is inevitable as a result of hemorrhagic shock.

Objective To study the relationship between the invasion of pituitary adenomas and expressions of MMP-9,Ki-67 and nm23. Methods The expressions of MMP-9,Ki-67 and nm23 were examined by immunohistochemical Elivision methods in 78 cases of pituitary adenomas. Of them,40 cases were invasive pituitary adenomas and, 38 cases were noninvasive pituitary adenomas. Results The expression levels of MMP-9 and Ki-67 in the invasive pituitary adenomas were significantly higher than those in the noninvasive ones (P