Objective To investigate precaution effect of ephedrine on protamine's untoward reaction. Meth-ods Forty patients, who were scheduled to have mitml valve replacement operation were randomly divided into two groups: ephedrine group(group A, n = 20) and control group (group B, n = 20). 50ml solution, mixed with protamine and 5% glucose,was injected through internal jugular vein in five minutes to neutralize the effect of heparin. In group A,3mg ephedrine was added into neutralization solution while in group B nothing was added. Arterial pressure(AP) , heart rate(HB) peripheral hemoglobin oxygen saturation(SpO2) and airway resistance(AR) were measured before injection and 1,3,5,10 minutes after injection in both groups. Results In group A, the AP, HR, SpO2 and AR had no significant difference before and after injection (P >0.05) ;while in 6 eases of group B, the AP, HR, SpO2 and AR have significant difference before and after injection. Conclusion Ephedrine can significantly improve protamine's untoward reaction, and neutralize the effect of heparin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Chest Tubes ; Erythromycin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Thoracic Cavity ; drug effects ; pathology ; Thoracic Diseases ; pathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: Delirium is an acute organic brain syndrome caused by various reasons, and it is common in elderly patients. Antipsychotics treatment is an important method to control delirium.OBJECTIVE: To observe the efficacy of new antipsychotic agent of olanzapine and the traditional antipsychotic agent of haloperidol in treating senile delirium.DESIGN: A randomized controlled observation. SETTING: Mental Health Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing University of Medical Sciences.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 175 inpatients with senile delirium were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing University of Medical Sciences from September 2001 to September 2003, they were randomly divided into olanzapine treatment group (n=74), haloperidol treatment group (n=72) and a control group(n=29). There were 111 males (63.4%) and 64 females (36.6%). Delirium had occurred for a duration of 30 minutes to 17 days, with an average of (3.02±2.71) days. The enrolled patients were classified according to the etiological factors of delirium: metabolic (n=68), toxic (n=47), structural (n=25) and infectious (n=35).METHODS: Different treatments were used in different groups. Control group (n=29): The patients were only given somatic treatment aiming at delirium, and not any drug for central nervous system was used. Olanzapine group (n=74): Besides the somatic treatment aiming at delirium, the patients were given olanzapine (Zyprexa, produced by Eli Lilly and Company,5 mg/tablet) taken orally or sublingually (fasted patients), the initial dosage was 1.25-2.5 mg per day, and then adjusted to 1.25-20 mg per day. Haloperidol group (n=72): Besides the somatic treatment aiming at delirium, they were treated with intramuscular injection of haloperidol (2.5-10 mg per day). The effects were prospectively observed for 1 week.The scores were observed before enrollment and at 1-7 days respectively,the severity of mental disorder and amelioration were evaluated by the clinical global impression scale-severity of illness (CGI-SI) and global improvement item of clinical global impression scale (CGI-GI). The dosage and time of administration was taken as the dosage and time to take effect when the CGI-SI baseline scores decreased by more than 1 point.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The severity of mental disorder and amelioration were observed.RESULTS: ① The scores of CGI-SI after treatment were significantly decreased in the olanzapine group, haloperidol group and control group, and there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.01). ② The rates of marked effect in the three groups were 82.4%, 87.5% and 31.0%, respectively, and those in the two treatment groups were significantly different from that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01). ③ Both olanzapine and haloperidol began to take effect at small dosages, and it was the fasted in the olanzapine group, followed by the haloperidol group, and slowest in the control group.CONCLUSION: Olanzapine and haloperidol have similar effects in treating senile delirium. However, olanzapine is faster to take effect than haloperidol.

Objective Isolating and purifying the major allergens from Metapenaeus ensis and identifying its immunoreactivity for diagnostic application. Methods The proteins extracted from Metapenaeus ensis were purified by DEAE-52 ion-exchange chromatography and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. The eluted peaks were detected by dot-ELISA,and the immunoreactivity of the purified allergens was detected by ELISA with the sera from patients allergic to shrimp. The molecular weights of the purified allergic proteins were detected by SDS-PAGE. Results Two major allergic proteins which have highly immunoreactivity in ELISA detection were purified from Metapenaeus ensis. The molecular weights of which were 36 and 68kDa,respectively. Conclusion The major allergens of Metapenaeus ensis purified by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration have effective immunoreactivity and can be used as specific antigen in ELISA reagent.

BACKGROUND: Acellular amniotic membrane used widely in treating ocular surface disease as well as extensive burn wounds due to its low antigenicity and excellent histocompatibility. However, it is poorly understood whether it can be used in repairing urethral defects.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate role and the feasibility of human acellular amniotic membrane (HAAM) in the rabbit urethral reconstruction.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized control experiment of animals was performed at the Laboratory Center of Guangxi Medical University between April and June 2007.MATERIALS: Thirty-two New Zealand rabbits were supplied by animal center of Guangxi Medical University. The human HAAM was obtained from Department of Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University.METHODS: HAAM was prepared by detergent-enzymatic approach. Firstly, the fresh amniotic membrane was protected with cross linking of 1% formaldehyde- 0.2% glutaral, digested with 0.125% trypsogen- 0.05 mol/L EDTA, followed by washing with 0.5% Triton X-100. Totally 32 New Zealand male rabbits were assigned into 3 groups: experimental group (n=12), control group (n=12) and sham operation group (n=8). Rabbits were prepared for urethral defects models in the experimental and control groups, which were repaired with HAAM or anastomosised directly. There was no urethral operation in the sham operation group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The growth of epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells, as well as inflammatory cell infiltration was observed by histopathologic examination at days 10, 21 and 42 after operation. The urethral pressure changes and urinary bladder was examined by retrograde urethrography at day 42 after operation.RESULTS: ①The prepared HAAM was translucent, there was no residual cells or fragments. ②The pathological section examination showed that in the experimental group, some epithelial cells has grown without acute rejection at day 10 after operation, and several layers of urothelium covered HAAM at day 21 with reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. At day 42, a sprinkle of smooth muscle grew in HAAM with few inflammatory cells. Urodynamic studies indicated that there were no significant difference among 3 groups in the bladder volume, maximum urethral pressure and minimum urethral pressure (P > 0.05). The weight of bladder had obvious difference between the sham operation and control groups (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: HAAM is an ideal biomaterial with well histocompatibility, biocompatibility and low antigenicity. HAAM is a good choice for urethral reconstruction.

Adult ; Heavy Metal Poisoning ; Hemoperfusion ; Humans ; Male ; Poisoning ; therapy ; Thallium ; poisoning

Objective Testing the CRP and PLT for patients with acute myocardium infarction(AMI) .Analysising the relation‐ship between AMI and CPR or PLT .Methods We chose 60 patients with AMI who treat in our hospital during 2012/11 and 2014/10 as an observation group .As the same time ,we also chose 60 healthy person as a comparison group .Testing the CRP and PLT of the two groups with the same method ,and then we compare and analysis the results .Results The observation group's concentration of CRP is (22 .13 ± 4 .71)mg/L ,level of PLT is (241 ± 33)× 109/L .The comparison group's concentration of CRP is(2 .74 ± 0 .49) mg/L ,level of PLT is(162 ± 26) × 109/L .The result of the observation group is obvious higher than the comparison group ,and the difference is significance(P<0 .05) .The observation group's positive rate of CRP is 73 .33% ,increase of PLT is 38 .33% .The comparison group's positive rate of CRP is 3 .33% ,increase of PLT is 5 .00% .The result of the observation group is obvious higher than the comparison group ,and the difference is significance(P<0 .05) .Conclusion To the clinical diagnosis of AMI ,testing the CRP concentration and the PLT level is useful to understand the patient's host defenses and inflammation condition .It has clinical value to AM I's prevent ,diagnosis and prognosis .

Objective To understand and master the situation of residents consumption of iodized salt in Chenzhou city of Hunan province,to identify problems and take appropriate interventions to ensure the residents consumption of qualified iodized salt,and to provide a scientific basis for elimination of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).Methods According to the National Iodized Salt Monitoring Program (Amendment) and the Evaluation Scheme for Elimination of Iodine Deficiency Disorders at the County Level,the monitoring counties,towns and villages were selected in Chenzhou city from 2008 to 2011,the content of iodine in salt was detected using direct titration.The data was analyzed by SPSS 17.0 and Excel 2003.Results A total of 12700 salt samples were tested from 2008 to 2011.The iodized salt coverage rate,the qualified rate of iodized salt,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt and the rate of non-iodized salt was 99.19％ (12597/12700),96.33％ (12135/12597),95.55％(12135/12700) and 0.81％ (103/12700),respectively.There were significant differences between each year from 2008 to 2011 (x2 =13.99、42.35、48.45、13.99,P all ＜ 0.01).The coefficient of variation was 21.19％.The median and average of iodine content in salt samples was 32.2 mg/kg and 31.9 mg/kg,respectively.Compared with the median and average of iodized salt content,there was no significant difference between each year from 2008 to 2011 (t =2.941,P ＞ 0.05),while there was significant difference among the 11 counties(t =2.983,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The goal of eliminating IDD has realized in the city of Chenzhou since 2010.To consolidate the IDD control results,surveillance should be strengthened in future.

To investigate the relationships among plasma secreted frizzled-related protein ( sfrp) 5 level and body fat parameters, glucolipid metabolism, insulin resistance index, and inflammation. 89 subjects with normal glucose tolerance(NGT) and 87 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were enrolled and each group was divided into no-obese and obese subgroups. Obesity was defined as body mass index ( BMI)≥25 kg/m2 according to the World Health Organization -Western Pacific Region diagnostic criteria ( 2000 ) . Body fat parameters were measured and BMI, waist-hip ratio were evaluated, meanwhile, the levels of blood glucose-lipid parameters and fasting insulin were also determined. Insulin resistance index ( IR) was assessed by homeostasis model assessment ( HOMA) . The concentrations of plasma sfrp5 and interleukin 6 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma sfrp5 level in T2DM group was significantly lower than that in NGT group [(8. 35±3. 38 vs 11. 35±3. 69)ng/ml, P<0. 01]. The levels of plasma sfrp5 in subjects with obesity were also lower than those in subjects with no-obesity in both NGT and T2DM groups [(9. 46±2. 70 vs 13. 12±3. 62)ng/ml and(6. 70±2. 34 vs 10. 12±3. 45) ng/ml, both P<0. 01]. Plasma concentrations of sfrp5 in T2DM-obese group were significantly lower than that in NGT-obese group(P<0. 01). Correlation analysis showed that plasma sfrp5 levels were negatively correlated with waist-hip ratio, HbA1C, fasting insulin, triglycerides, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, interleukin 6, natural logarithm of HOMA-IR [ln(HOMA-IR)], and BMI(P<0. 01 or P<0. 05). Multiple linear regression showed that ln(HOMA-IR), BMI, triglycerides were independent related factors in influencing the levels of plasma sfrp5 (r2=0. 216, 0. 177, 0. 113, all P<0. 05). Plasma sfrp5 levels were decreased in obesity and T2DM subjects and were correlated with body fat disposition, glucose-lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and inflammation. Lack of sfrp5 may contribute to the pathophysiology of obesity and T2DM.

Objective To detect plasma progranulin (PGRN) level in subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and to investigate the relationship of plasma PGRN level with glycolipid metabolism,inflammation,and insulin resistance.Methods Eighty patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and 88 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were recruited in the study.Both of them were divided into normal weight (NW)subgroup and obesity (OB) subgroup.Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 according to the World Health Organization-Western Pacific Region diagnostic criteria(2000).Body fat parameters were measured and BMI,waist-to-hip ratio were determined.Fasting plasma PGRN and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined by ELISA,fasting plasma glucose (FPG),2 h plasma glucose after glucose loading (2hPG),HbA1C,fasting insulin (FINS),and lipids were also detected.Insulin resistance and pancreas β cell function were assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR,HOMA-β).Results Plasma PGRN level was significantly higher in T2DM group than that in NGT group(P＜0.01).Within groups of T2DM and NGT,plasma PGRN level in OB subgroups was higher than that in NW subgroups [(225.22 ± 34.39 vs 195.59 ± 50.47 and 183.79 ± 61.63 vs 148.69 ± 55.27) ng/ml,P＜0.05].Bivariate correlation analysis showed that plasma PGRN level was positively correlated with weight,waist circumference,BMI,systolic blood pressure,FPG,2hPG,HbA1C,triglyceride(TG),IL-6,FINS,and HOMA-IR (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and was negatively correlated with HOMA-β (P＜0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMI,HbA1C,IL-6,and TG were independently related to plasma PGRN level(P＜0.05).Conclusions Plasma PGRN level was increased in patients with type 2 diabetes as well as in obesity,and was closely related with glycolipid metabolism,inflammation,and insulin resistance.