Objective To investigate the risk factors of posttraumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods Aretrospective study was conducted for 183 patients with moderate to severe TBI (125 males,58 females;6-91 years of age,mean 48.23 years).According the presence of PTH,the patients were allocated into PTH group (n =34) and non-PTH group (n =149).Risk factors of PTh were assessed by univariate and logistic regression analysis,including gender,age,injury types,injury severity,intraventricular hemorrhage,subarachnoid hemorrhage,midline shift,subdural effusion,therapeutic strategies and skull defect.Association between the boundaries of skull defect and PTH was determined.Results Between-group differences were not significant regarding age,gender,injury types and intraventricular hemorrhage (P ＞ 0.05),but differed significantly in injury severity,subarachnoid hemorrhage,midline shift,subdural effusion,craniectomy and skull defect (P ＜ 0.05).Further Logistic regression analysis confirmed subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR =6.169),interhemispheric subdural effusion (OR =31.743),and unilateral (OR =17.602) and bilateral (OR =30.567) skull defects were risk factors of PTH.Of the patients with unilateral skull defect following decompressive craniectomy,the inferior limit ≤ 10 mm from the zygomatic arch also played a role in the development of PTH (OR =5.500,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Subarachnoid hemorrhage,interhemispheric subdural effusion and skull defect are risk factors of PTH.Unilateral skull defects with the inferior limit too close to the zygomatic arch can predispose to the development of PTH.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology ; World Health Organization

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

Objective Previous study showed that interval debulking surgery (IDS) may improve the survival of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).The precise significance of IDS needs to be evaluated.Methods Totally 136 consecutive patients with stage Ⅲ c or Ⅳ EOC (including primary peritoneal carcinoma and primary fallopian tube carcinoma ) who completed primary debulking surgery (PDS) and platinum-based chemotherapy were enrolled from January 2000 to December 2009 in a retrospective cohort study.The study group was divided into three groups:65 cases underwent optimal PDS (Group A ),41 cases received chemotherapy alone after suboptimal PDS (Group B ),and 30 patients underwent IDS after suboptimal PDS (Group C).All patients received six to eight courses of platinum-based combination chemotherapy (paclitaxel plus carboplatin/cisplatin,cyclophosphamide plus epirubicin and cisplatin).Patients' clinical characteristics,perioperative situation and prognosis were compared. Results Sixty-five cases (47.8％,65/136) from 136 patients achieved optimal PDS.For Group C,77％ (23/30)patients obtained optimal debulking surgery after IDS.Intraoperative injury rates were similar between Group B and Group C ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Mild perioperative complications rate was also similar ( P ＞0.05 ).Median progression-free survival (PFS) of Group A was 26 months.Median overall survival (OS) of Group B and Group C were 3l months and 40 months,respectively (P =0.254).Median PFS of Group B and Group C were 13 months and 24 months,respectively (P =0.289).Although when it came to 20 months after PDS,patients who underwent IDS had a significantly lower progressive disease (PD) rate (Group B 33％ versus Group C 61％,P =0.046 ),it still showed that there was no significant difference in either OS or PFS of these two groups.Those patients in Group C who obtained no visible residual got similar PFS (27 months) comparing to Group A (26 months,P =0.730),but OS was still shorter (P =0.010).Conclusions For advanced EOC patients,IDS has little effect on improving survival.While it is safe and acceptable,also may prolong PFS in those patients who got no visible residual after IDS.The results suggest that IDS might be used as an alternative treatment for advanced EOC patients who cannot obtain optimal PDS in certain local hospitals.

0.05).The positive rate of Uu in biovar 2 show a significant difference(P0.05).(2)The fallopian tubes infected by biovar2 have a high rate(90%)of ciliary adhesion and exuviation.While there is a low rate(10%)for biovarl with ciliary adhesion and exuviation.There was significant difference between the two groups of Uu (P

Diabetes Mellitus ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

It is to observe the therapeutic action of Guizhi Fuling capsule and the combination of active ingredients on model rats with uterine leiomyoma. The hysteromyoma rats models was established in rats by loading eatrogen, to observe the effect on pathological condition of uterus, uterus wet weight, the content of estradiol and progesterone. Guizhi Fuling capsule and the combination of active ingredients remarkably decreased uterus weight, restrained the excess proliferation of the smooth muscle of uterus, decreased the estraiol and progesterone in blood serum. Guizhi Fuling capsule and the combination of active ingredients can restrain the formation of hysteromyoma in a dose-dependent manner. Perhaps the combination of active ingredients is the material foundation of antihysteromyoma.
Animals ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Leiomyoma ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Progesterone ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Uterine Neoplasms ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology

This study was aimed to observe the effects ofTian-ShuDripping Pills (TSDP) on cerebral hemodynamics among anesthetized dogs, in order to demonstrate its clinical treatment functional correlation on angioneurotic headache. A total of 25 hybrid dogs were randomly divided into the normal saline (NS) group, TS capsule (positive control: 0.4 g·kg-1 crude medicine) group, low-dose TSDP (0.2 g·kg-1 crude medicine) group, middle-dose TSDP (0.4 g·kg-1 crude medicine) group, and high-dose TSDP (0.8 g·kg-1 crude medicine) group.Intraduodenal administration was given once under anesthesia. Changes of mean arterial blood pressure, blood flow of vertebral artery and internal carotid artery blood flow were detected and the cerebral blood flow and cerebral vascular resistance were calculated. The results showed that TSDP of low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose group can significantly reduce the cerebral vascular resistance and increase the cerebral blood flow within 180 min after medication. It was concluded that TSDP can improve the cerebral blood circulation of anesthetized dogs. Its mechanism may be through the reduction on cerebral vascular resistance and increasing of cerebral blood flow.

Taking the Ligustrum lucidum extract as an example, this study investigated the influence of external mechanical forces under different processing conditions on the crystallographic solid form and the key parameter of drug dissolution rate, so as to provide guidance for the preparation and quality control of traditional Chinese medicine preparations. Under different pulverization and tableting conditions, the change of crystallographic solid form of L. lucidum extract was observed by polarizing light microscope. Meanwhile, the effect of this change on the dissolution rate was investigated, and the mathematical relationship between crystal content and dissolution rate was analyzed. The results showed that the process of ball milling and tableting had a significant impact on the crystallographic solid form of L. lucidum extract. The amorphous extract displayed crystal transformation, which induced a significant decline in dissolution rate. Further studies revealed that there was a negative linear relationship between crystal content and dissolution rate. The results of this study indicated that the crystallographic solid form transformation of traditional Chinese medicine extracts might occur during the preparation process, which may cause potential risks to the quality of traditional Chinese medicine preparations. It is suggested that we should pay attention to and strengthen the investigation of the crystallographic solid form during the preparation process, so as to guarantee the safety, effectiveness, and quality controllability of traditional Chinese medicine preparations.

Animals ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Fibrosis ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Tubules ; cytology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ureteral Obstruction ; pathology