Objective To evaluate ischemia preconditioning (IP) and intermittent ischemia (II) in ameliorating the incidence of paraplegia. MethodCross clamping of the infrarenal aorta in New-Zealand rabbit was used to establish a spinal cord ischemia model. 25 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups. The continuous ischemia(CS) group (n=10) with the aorta clamped for 40 minutes. While in the IP group (n=6) the aorta was clamped for 3 sessions each lasting for 5 min, with 5 min interval between the sessions before 40 minutes clamping, in the Ⅱ group (n=9) the 40 min clamping was interposed by a 15 min interval. The muscle force of the lower extremity, the excitatory amino acid (EAA) in CSF, the malondiadehyde (MDA)in spinal cord and the pathology were compared between the groups.Result The muscle force of the lower extremity was better in Ⅱ and IP group than that in CS group (3.4?1.0) in Ⅱ, (3.5?0.8) in IP vs (1.3?1.4) in CS, all P

Air ; Animals ; Diving ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Spleen ; metabolism

A study was made on the pharmacokinetic regularity of effective components salvianolic acid B and ferulic acid in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (SMRR) and Chuanxiong Rhizoma(CR) in rats, so as to discuss the compatibility mechanism of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Chuanxiong Rhizoma. Rats were randomly divided into three groups and intravenously injected with 50 mg x kg(-1) salvianolic acid B for the single SMRR extracts group, 0.5 mg x kg(-1) ferulic acid for the single CR extracts group and 50 mg x kg(-1) salvianolic acid B + 0.5 mg x kg(-1) ferulic acid for the SMRR and CR combination group. The blood samples were collected at different time points and purified by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. With chloramphenicol as internal standard (IS), UPLC was adopted to determine concentrations of salvianolic acid B and ferulic acid. The pharmacokinetic parameters of salvianolic acid B and ferulic acid were calculated with WinNonlin 6.2 software and analyzed by SPSS 19.0 statistical software. The UPLC analysis method was adopted to determine salvianolic acid B and ferulic acid in rat plasma, including linear equation, stability, repeatability, precision and recovery. The established sample processing and analysis methods were stable and reliable, with significant differences in major pharmacokinetic parameters, e.g., area under the curve (AUC), mean residence time (MRT) and terminal half-life (t(1/2)). According to the experimental results, the combined application of SMRR and CR can significantly impact the pharmacokinetic process of their effective components in rats and promote the wide distribution, shorten the action time and prolong the in vivo action time of salvianolic acid B and increase the blood drug concentration and accelerate the clearance of ferulic acid in vivo.
Animals ; Apiaceae ; chemistry ; Benzofurans ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Coumaric Acids ; blood ; pharmacology ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), a kind of stem cells residing in bone marrow, have self-renewal, high proliferative capacity and the potential of multilineage differentiation. It has a good prospect in application of the cell replacement therapy, the gene therapy and the tissue engineering and so on. As the content of BMSCs is extremely low in bone marrow, BM-SCs must be amplified in vitro and induced to differentiation to meet the clinical needs. Researches of the recent years suggest there is a very promising way that Chinese medicine could induce BMSCs proliferation, differentiation. Based on the Chinese medicine theory, "the kidney generating marrow and dominating bone" and "kidney storing essence, essence and marrow", the TCM scholars have done some researches to explore the function of warming yang and reinforcing kidney of Chinese medicine to promote bone marrow stromal cells and found that these drugs can promote the BMSCs to proliferate and to differentiate into osteogenic, cartilage and nerve cells. This article elaborates and presents the researches on this aspect.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Stromal Cells ; cytology

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ascitic Fluid ; chemistry ; Cadherins ; analysis ; Calbindin 2 ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; analysis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelial Cells ; chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratin-5 ; analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pericardial Effusion ; chemistry ; diagnosis ; Pleural Effusion ; chemistry ; diagnosis ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; chemistry ; diagnosis ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G ; analysis

The coronal process of ulna is an important stable structure in front of the elbow joint, which is composed of the tip of the coronal process, towering tubercle and anterior medial face. The fracture of the coronal process is often accompanied by the fracture and dislocation of the elbow joint, which leads to the instability of the elbow joint. The coronoid process has the advantages of small size, special shape, complex surrounding soft tissue structure, and plays an important role in the stability of the elbow joint. The selection of safe, minimally invasive and well exposed surgical approach is a necessary condition for safe and effective internal fixation. The choice of surgical approach must comprehensively consider the concomitant injury and choose the best surgical approach. This article mainly describes the normal anatomical structure of the coronal process and around the elbow joint, analyzes the biomechanics and stability of the coronal process in the elbow joint, and reviews the latest progress in surgical treatment.

Objective To explore the shielding effect that Tween has made on the erythrocyte’ s surface antigen( ABO and D antigen mainly) and the stability of the RBC. Methods Various types red blood cells’ surface antigens were incubated with different concentrations of Tween,then the titers of RBC’ s surface antigen before and after incubation were compared. The erythrocyte’ s function alterations and sta-bility through the morphological obersavation,the osmotic fragility,RBC’ s own hemolysis rate,oxygen saturation( SO2 ) ,routine test of blood as well as the supernatant of free hemoglobin determination were confirmed. Results The masking effect of the Tween-20 on D antigen with the weaken titer keeping above“ +” was better and more stable than that on A,B antigen. The impact on B antigen was a little worse,and A was the worst. The advantaged concentration is about 0. 004%. Besides,the influence of Tween-80’s on B and D antigen was not apparent e-nough. Among all of the concentration,0. 74% and 0. 80% did a relatively better job,which also could keep the weaken titer above “ +”. Conclulsion The shielding effect that Tween has made on the erythrocyte’ s surface antigen( ABO and D antigen mainly) is stable,which keeps above “ +”. The morphology and function of the RBC does not change.

Backgroud and Objective Proline-rich tyrosine kinase2(Pyk2) is a Ca~(2+) sensitive,non-receptor tyrosine protein kinase.Previous reports showed Pyk2 involved in development of left ventrieular hypertrophy. The present paper aimed to study the effects of valsartan on ventricular hypertrophy and its effect on the expression of Pyk2 in myocardium in renovascular hypertensive rats(RHR).Methods Two-kidney and one-clip(2K1C) renal hypertensive model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats by chronic partial occlusion of left renal artery,and ran- domized to receive valsartan (30 mg/kg?d) or without treatment for 4 or 8 weeks.Left ventricular mass to body mass ratio was measured.Pyk2 protein expression and phosphorylation was detected by Western blotting.Results Blood pressure,left ventricular mass to body mass ratio,Pyk2 activity in myocardium of RHR were increased gradu- ally.Valsartan reduced BP and prevent myocardial hypertrophy(P

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of?-catenin and c-myc in gastric adenocarcinoma and corresponding para cancer gastric mueosa.Methods Two hundreds and ninety seven samples were collected from 102 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma,including 102 cancerous tissues and 195 para-cancerous tissues.Each sample was made into 282,156 and 156 dots tissue microarrays.Expressions of?-catenin and c-myc proteins were detected by immunohistochemical stain- ing.Results The expressions of?-catenin and c-mye were increased gradually in the process of gastric carcinogenesis.The rates of?-catenin and c myc expression were higher in carcinoma than that in intesti- nal metaplasia( P＜0.05,P＜0.001).The aberrant expression of?-catenin was closely related to the depth of invasion(P＜0.05),and the expression of c-myc was related to histological grade( P＜0.05). The aberrant expression of?-catenin was significantly correlated with the expression of c-myc in gastric adenocarcinoma(P＜0.05).Conclusions The aberrant expression of?-catenin may activate the expres sion of target gene c-myc,which plays a pivotal role in the carcinogenesis and progression of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of An-pressing manipulation in improving post-stroke muscle spasticity, by observing the changes of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine (Gly) in plasma and gray matter of L1-L3 spinal cord anterior horn in post-stroke rats with muscle spasticity after An-pressing manipulation intervention. Methods: Ten of 80 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly selected as the blank group, and the remaining 70 were used for modeling. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model was established by insertion suture occlusion method in the left external carotid artery. Thirty rats with a Longa neurological score of 2-3 points and a modified Ashworth spasticity scale score of 1-, 1+, or 2 were included in the experiment. Using the random number table method, the 30 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into a model group, an An-pressing tendon group and an An-pressing muscle belly group. Two days after modeling, rats in the An-pressing tendon group and An-pressing muscle belly group received An-pressing manipulation on the tendon and belly of quadriceps femoris muscle respectively, with the pressure of (350±50) g and the frequency of 5 s/time, 15 min per session, once a day for 5 continuous days. After the 5th treatment, the tension of the rat quadriceps femoris muscle was evaluated using the modified Ashworth spasticity scale. The Gly levels in rat plasma and L1-L3 segments of spinal cord were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The GABA levels in rat plasma and L1-L3 segments of spinal cord were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: The decrease in rat muscle tension scored by the modified Ashworth spasticity scale in the An-pressing tendon group was more significant than that in the An-pressing muscle belly group (P<0.01); the increases in Gly and GABA levels in the rat plasma and L1-L3 segments of spinal cord were more significant in the An-pressing tendon group than those in the An-pressing muscle belly group (all P<0.01). Conclusion: Based on the theory of 'anti-stretch reflex' of tendon organs, the use of An-pressing manipulation to induce the 'anti-stretch reflex' by stimulating the tendon organs can improve the muscle spasticity of rats, which is better than An-pressing the muscle belly. Increased levels of Gly and GABA in rat plasma and L1-L3 segments of spinalcord may be one mechanism of An-pressing manipulation to improve muscle spasticity by stimulating tendon organs.