With the rapid development of turfgrass industry in our country,more and more attentions are paid to the genetic breeding of turfgrass. Biotechnology has great application potential in varietals improvement of tall fescue,which is commonly grown as cool-season turf grass in the temperate region. The establishment of tall fescue regeneration and genetic transformation systems was summarized. Meanwhile,the historical and present situations of tall fescue breeding are introduced. The part of tall fescue regeneration was expounded from different explants and approaches. While,the part of genetic transformations was expounded from different means. At last,problems and prospects of genetic transformation of tall fescue are discussed.

Ten glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalates and one benzyl alcohol glycoside were isolated from the dry tuber of Pleione bulbocodioides, which is a specie of Orchidaceae family and its dry tuber is one of the main sources of traditional Chinese medicine "shanci-gu", by a combination of various column chromatographic methods, including ODS, macroporous adsorbent resin, Sepheadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of chemical evidences and spectroscopic analysis asloroglossin (1), grammatophylloside A (2), cronupapine (3), (-)-(2R, 3S)-1-(4-β-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)-4-methyl-2-isobutyltartrate (4), vandateroside II (5), grammatophylloside B (6), bis [4-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy) -benzyl] (S) -2-isopropylmalate (7), gymnoside I (8), militarine (9), dactylorhin A (10), gastrodin (11). Compounds 1-7 were isolated from this genus for the firt time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Malates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective To investigate the levels of serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and relationships with c1inicopatho1ogica1 characteristics and their clinical significance. Methods The concentrations of serum VEGF and bFGF were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in 40 patients with NSCLC before and after chemotherapy. Results The level of serum VEGF in patients with Ⅳ stage NSCLC was significantly higher than that of Ⅲ stage(P

Objective To assess the incidence,risk factors and mortality of acute kidney injury(AKI)in patients with chronic myelogeneous leukemia(CML)after myeloablative allogenetic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT). Methods Renal function in 93 CML patients undergone myeloablative allo-HSCT was retrospectively analyzed by the RIFLE criteria. Results Thirty-nine patients (41.9%) developed AKI at a median of 40 days after allo-HSCT, including 24 AKI-R patients(25.8%), 10 AKI-I patients(10.8%) and 5 AKI-F patients (5.4%). The morbidity of AKI in patients with ≥Ⅲ acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and without ＜Ⅲ GVHD was (81.82±11.63)% and (36.59±5.32)% (P=0.0037)rospectively. The morbidity of AKI in patients with increased total bilirubin and without increased total bilirubin was (72.73±13.43)% and (37.04±5.37)%(P=0.0192) respectively. ≥Ⅲ aGVHD was peor-prognostic factor of AKI and RR was 2.773 [95%CI (1.073-7.167), P=0.035]. RR of AKI-I and AKI-F in patients with ≥Ⅲ aGVHD was 6.320195%CI (1.464-27.291), P=0.013]. The mortality within 100 days after allo-HSCT of patients with AKI was significantly different as compared to patients without AKI (P=0.001). Six-mouth survival rates of different class AKI patients after myeloablative allo-HSCT were (86.96±7.02)% (AKI-R), (70.00±14.49)% (AKI-I), 0 (AKI-F) (P=0.000)respectively. Conclusions AKI is one of the main complications in CML patients after myeloablative allo-HSCT. ≥Ⅲ aGVHD and increased total bilimbin are poor-prognostic factors of AKI, and higher morbidity of AKI-I and AKI-F can be found in patients with ≥Ⅲ aGVHD. With the deteriorated AKI, 6-month survival is decreased. RIFLE criteria is sensitive to the early diagnosis of renal function. Moreover RIFLE can monitor the progression of AKI and predict the clinical outcome.

Objective To analyze the association of the morbidity,the management of blood glucose,and the prognosis of patients with hyperglycemia in the medical intensive care units(ICU).Methods Medical records of ICU patients of Renji Hospital from 2002 to 2009 were reviewed using Medical Record Inquiry System,and the data were retrospectively analyzed.Results(1)2631 subjects were included in the present study,blood glucose was determined at least once during hospitalization in 2168 of them.The incidence of hyperglycemia was 26.3%,in which 12.9% presented a known history of diabetes and 13.4% without.In the patients with diabetes history,93.2% of them received anti-diabetic treatment during hospitalization.mainly with oral anti-hyperglyeemic agents (53.0%)or subcutaneous insulin injection(24.9%).However,in the patients without diabetes history,84.4% were not treated against hyperglycemia.The mortality was increased in the latter group(30.4% vs13.9%,P<0.01).(2)In the patients with diabetes history,the mortality in patients whose blood glucose>10 mmol/L was higher than those with blood glucose≤7.0 mmol/L(20.5% vs 9.9%,P<0.05):while in the patients without diabetes history,the mortality began to rise as blood glucose>7.0 mmol/L(P<0.01).(3)Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that the average blood glucose level was an independent risk factor for death(OR=1.26).Conclusions The ICU patients showed a high prevalence of hyperglycemia,the management of hyperglycemia should be emphasized.Hyperglycemia in critically ill patients might be an independent risk factor of increased mortality.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of double-J catheter in treatment of renal tuberculosis(TB)and in rescuing the structure and function of the kidney.Methods:Thirty-four patients with renal TB(22 combined with single side hydronephrosis)were divided into 2 groups randomly.Group A were treated with antituberculous therapy and group B with antituberculous therapy combined with pre-treatment with double-J catheter.All 34 patients were followed up for 3 months and were re-examined.Results:The results of B ultrasound,intravenous urogram(IVU),CT and isotope nephrogram were comparable between the 2 groups before treatment,and the results were significantly different between the two groups after 3 months'drug treatment(P

Objective:To study the causes of misdiagnosis of patients with POEMS syndrome and to discuss the clues for its early diagnosis.Methods:The clinical and laboratory data of 26 inpatients with POEMS syndrome,who were treated in Changhai hospital over the last decade,were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The misdiagnosis rate of our group was 100%. The misdiagnosis was made in(3.31?0.97)hospitals and in(3.31?0.93)clinical departments;the misdiagnosis period was (19.42?10.86)months and it had been misdiagnosed as 18 other diseases.The initial symptoms included polyneuropathy in 21 (80.8%)cases,edema of lower extremity in 22(84.6%)cases,and body weight loss in 8(30.8%)cases.The typical clinical symptoms included polyneuropathy in 26(100%)cases and organomegaly in 24(92.3%).Two cases had newly-identified uterine hypertrophy,one had adrenal gland hypertrophy,and one had gastric wall thickening mimicking advanced gastric cancer.Hypothyroidism,impotence,skin pigmentation and sclerosis occurred in 76.9%(20/26),60%(6/10),92.3%(24/ 26)and 65.4%(17/26)cases,respectively.Monoclonal plasma cell proliferation was documented in 18(81.8%);M proteins were positive in 14(63.6%)cases by serum immunofixation,and only 2(9.1%)cases also positive by serum protein electrophoresis.One patient was positive of M protein by urine immunofixation and one had abnormal infiltration of plasma cells in the gastric wall.Lymph node biopsy were performed in 8 patients and 3 were found to have Castleman disease;the other 5 cases had lymphocyte infiltration,with 3 complicated with plasma cell proliferation.Nerve biopsy in 4 cases all revealed axonal degeneration and one patient complicated with demyelination.Bone marrow biopsy in 5 cases revealed plasmacytosis in 2 cases and myeloma in one.Excessive radioactivity resorption was found in 10 of the 16 cases(62.5%)and abnormal plasma cells were detected in 2 cases by bone aspiration guided by radioisotope bone scan.Conclusion:Misdiagnosis of POEMS syndrome is very common.Polyneuropathy,edema of lower extremity and body weight loss are the common early symptoms of POEMS syndrome. Early diagnosis can be made by having an intimate knowledge of the progression of the disease and by detecting M protein through various approaches.

Objective To investigate the effect of propofol on nNOS expression after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats and the possible mechanism of protective effect of propofol on brain. Method Seventy-eight male Wistar rats, weighting 250 ~ 300 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups:(1)Sham operation group (S group, n=6) was performed with scham operation; (2) Ischemia-reperfusion group (group I-R, n=36) was subjected to 2-hour right middle cerebral artery occlusion and then reperfusion was followed, saline (1 mg/kg) was injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle using microsyringe before reperfusion;(3) Propefol group (group P, n=36) was injected with propofol (1mg/kg) into the right lateral cerebral ventricle using microsyringe right after ischemia. Group I-R and group P were divided into 3 subgroups according to the reperfusion time: 1 h, 3 h and 6 h. The neurological function of all rats were tested before reperfusion. The cerebral infarction area of the whole brain was calculated with TIC staining (n=6). The pathological change of brain was observed from HE staining (n=6) and the nNOS protein expression was obtained by immuno- histochemical method (n=6). Results Compared with I-R group, the neurological function was better in group P(P

Objective To measure the proximal femoral parameters which can provide anatomic evidence for the design of internal fixation components for intertrochanteric fractures of femur.Methods Femoral speci- mens were harvested randomly from 120 healthy adult cadavers(left 60,fight 60).The neck shaft angle,greater trochanter slope length,tilt angle of greater trochanter,axial length of head and neck,lengths of upper and lower borders of the neck,and the minimum transverse diameter of the neck were measured.On the basis of the anatomic study,a two-claw plate was designed to treat 145 cases of femoral intertrochanteric fractures.Results The femoral neck shaft angle was 128.59??6.31?,femoral greater trochanter slope length was(5.5?0.58)cm,tilt angle of femoral greater trochanter was 42.76??5.20?,and axial length of head and neck was(9.42?0.38)cm. There was a correlation between the parameters.All the patients were followed up for a mean time of 23.6 months. The fractures got clinic union in 3 to 6 months.Two cases experienced detachment of claws and hooks but their final outcome was not affected.Three cases suffered coxa vara.All the other cases obtained normal motion function of hips and normal neck shaft angle.No breakage of claw,hook or nail was found in them.Conclusions It is necessary to design an internal fixator that can fit the anatomical features of Chinese femurs in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of femur.The two-claw plate designed by us is a good attempt to improve the clinical effect.

SW872 preadipocytes were cultured and induced to differentiate by oleic acid in vitro.The levels of adiponectin and its receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) mRNA were measured by semiquantitative RT- PCR.The concentration of adiponectin in the culture medium was assayed by ELISA.The results showed that rhIL- 6 could inhibit adiponectin,AdipoR1 mRNA expressions and adiponectin secretion in SW872 adipocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner,but did not influence adipoR2 mRNA expression.