This paper discussed the differences in teaching arrangement,material construction,teaching pattern, and teaching methods been used in medical microbiology teaching between China and the United State.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Female ; Herbicides ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Neoplasms ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoma, Myeloid

Objective To explore the relationship of the number of balloon inflations during primary percutanoeus coronary intervention(PCI) with myocardial perfusion and the extent of myocardial necrosis,and to identify the potential clinical efficacy of ischemic postcondioning in patients undergoing Primary PCI.Methods One hundred and fourty patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) who underwent primary PCI were eligibly enrolled for retrospective analysis.The infarct-related artery(IRA) in all patients had to be either left anterior descending artery(LAD) or right coronary artery(RCA) with TIMI 0 flow grade and no collateral filling prior to intervention,and had to be completely reperfused with TIMI Ⅲ flow grade after PCI.Patients with cardiac arrest,cardiogenic shock,previous MI and pre-infarct angina were excluded.Patients were divided into two groups for analysis based on the number of balloon inflations performed during primary PCI:Group A included all patients in whom 1-2 inflations were applied,while patients in Group B received 3 or more inflations.Myocardial perfusion was evaluated by myocardial blush grade and ST-segment resolution.The extent of myocardial necrosis was evaluated by peak values of CK and CK-MB release and predischarge left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) measured by echocardiogram.Results The 2 groups showed similar baseline characteristics,while patients in Group B received more balloon inflations than those in Group A(4.7?0.9 vs.1.8?0.2,P0.05),but decreased to 1.65?0.49 mm and 0.98?0.37 mm(P

Transforming growth factor-?(TGF-?) plays a significant role in promoting chondrocyte anabolism in vitro and in vivo.Induction of the expression of TGF-? in vivo and the gene transfer may provide a new approach for treatment of osteoarthritis.

Objective To determine the value of helical CT for the follow up of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms(AAAs) after graft implantation. Methods Twenty six patients with AAAs underwent helical CT within 3 days after graft placement. Additional follow up CT scans were obtained in 22 patients 3 months after placement. The diameter of the aneurysmal sac, complications of the procedure, position, shape, and patency of the device were recorded. Results CT scans obtained within 3 days after placement showed complete thrombosis of the aneurysm in 20 patients, and 6 patients with perigraft channels; 3 months later, of 17 thrombosed aneurysms, 9 decreased in diameter, 7 remained unchanged, and 1 increased in diameter; of 5 aneurysms with perigraft channels, 2 decreased in diameter, 2 were stable, and 1 became enlarged. 20 of 26 patients (76.92%) were successful with endovascular repaire. Conclusion Helical CT is a valuable means in follow up of the patients after endovascular repair.

BACKGROUND:It has been proved that Rhizoma Chuanxiong can promote osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.
OBJECTIVE:To further observe the effects of tetramethylpyrazine (Ligustrazine) extracted from Rhizoma Chuanxiong on osteoblast proliferation and type I col agen expression.
METHODS:Mouse osteoblast cel line MC3T3-E1 was cultured in medium containing 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/L Ligustrazine, respectively. Osteoblast proliferation was detected by cel counting kit-8 assay, and alkaline phosphatase activity and type I col agen level measured using ELISA method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Different concentrations of Ligustrazine al significantly promoted the osteoblast proliferation and type I col agen level compared with the blank control group (P<0.005). The activity of alkaline phosphatase in al Ligustrazine groups except 15 and 20 mg/L groups was significantly higher than that in the blank control group (P<0.005). These results show that Ligustrazine isolated from Rhizoma Chuanxiong can effectively promote the osteoblast proliferation and type I col agen expression, with the optimum concentration of 10 mg/L.

Ascites ; complications ; etiology ; Heart Failure ; complications ; etiology ; Hemochromatosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Middle Aged

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic and adverse effects of metallic intratracheal stent placement in relapsing polychondritis with severe tracheobronchial malacia.Methods Five tracheal stents had been implanted in three patients with traeheobronchial malacia.One patient was implanted with two tubular steuts in trachea and one“Y”shaped stent for bilateral bronchi.Another patient used a tubular stent in total tracheal segment.The last patient used a tubular stent in the upper segment of trachea.Results All the stents were implanted successfully with obvious improvement of dyspnea after the treatment. Conclusions Metallic intratracheal stent placement can really relieve symptoms and improve the life quality in patients with tracheobronchial malacia caused by relapsing polychondritis.

Objective To evaluate the effects of sevoflurane on β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress response of hippocampal tissues in rats.Methods Ninety-six male adlut SpragueDawley rats,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) ; group Aβ ; 1.3 ％ sevoflurane group (group S1) and 2.6 ％ sevoflurane group (group S2).The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal.10％ chloral hydrate 350 mg/kg.Cognitive dysfunction was induced by injecting Aβ1-40 2 μ1 into the bilateral hippocampi in Aβ,S1 and S2 groups.The equal volume of normal saline was given in group C.At 22 days after injection,C and Aβ groups were exposed to 30％ oxygen for 4 h,and S1 and S2 groups inhaled 1.3 ％ and 2.6 ％ sevoflurane,respectively,for 4 h.Eight rats were chosen at days 1,3 and 7 after exposure and cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze test.The swimming speed,escape latency and exploration time at the original platform quadrant were recorded.The rats were then sacrificed after the end of the behavioral test and blood samples were taken for determination of serum S100β protein concentration.Hippocampi were immediately isolated and the homogenate was prepared for determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly prolonged and exploration time at the original platform quadrant was shortened,the serum S100β protein concentration and MDA content were increased,and SOD activity was decreased at each time point in group Aβ (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the variables mentioned above between Aβ and S1 groups (P ＞ 0.05).The escape latency was significantly prolonged and the exploration time at the original platform quadrant was shortened,the serum S100β protein concentration and MDA content were increased,and SOD activity was decreased at each time point in group S2 as compared with Aβ and S1 groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the swimining speed among the 4 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Inhalation of 2.6 ％ sevoflurane for 4 h can aggravate the cognitive dysfunction induced by Aβ in rats and aggravation of oxidative stress response may be involved in the mechanism.