? AIM: To investigate the differences between synoptophore and triple prism strabismometry and its possible cause.?METHODS: There were 347 patients with horizontal concomitant strabismus involved, in which 76 patients were esotropia, 37 patients were male while 39 were female, with average age of 13. 27 ± 7. 77 years old. There were 271 patients with exotropia, 131 cases were male while 140 were female, with average age of 15. 43 ± 8. 42 years old. All the patients were examined by synoptophore and prism plus shaded strabismometry in a long distance of 6m. Datas were analyzed by SPSS 17. 0.?RESULTS:In the exotropia patients, the conversions of circular degree(°) and prism degree(△) were:1°=0. 29△ ~1. 78△, which was statistically significant with intermittent strabismus (P=0. 001). While in the esotropia patients, the conversions were:1°=2. 01△ ~2. 15△.?CONCLUSION: The diversity between the two methods is enlarged with the increase of squint angle for exotropia patients. While in esotropia patients, the diversity decreased with the increase of squint angle. Synoptophore equipped with +7. 00D, defects of the triple prism itself and proximal convergence during exam may be the reasons for the diversity.

Objective To establish a mouse model of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation,and using exogenous interleukin-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Rα) intervene mice aGVHD and analyse its possible mechanism.Methods The BALB/C (H-2d) female mice as recipients were grouped by rat: the irradiation group (group A),irradiation transplantation group (group B) and IL-7Rα in the intervention group (group C),each 10.ALL mice were accepted 9 Gy60Co total body irradiation.1×107 bone marrow cells and 2×107 spleen cells of donor C57BL/6 (H-2b) via the tail vein were infused to recipient mice.The signs of the recipient mice,hematopoietic functional recovery and survival time of change,and pathology,chimerism and cytokine levels in checkwere observed.Results Mice in A group after irradiation were gradually death,in group B and group C mice after transplantation had typical aGVHD symptoms,but lighter signs and a longer survival time of Group C than in group B.WBC count in Group C was +14 d (4.53± 0.21) ×109/L,+21 d (3.63±0.06) ×109/L,+28 d (4.31±0.04) ×109/L,was hematopoietic recovery compared with Group B [+14 d (1.81±0.05) ×109/L,+21 d (1.32±0.04) ×109/L,+28 d (1.76±0.04) ×109/L],the difference was statistically significant (t =0.237,0.108,0.359,P ＜ 0.05).The pathological results of liver,spleen,skin histopathology in group C were better than group B.Chimera implants,plasma IL-7 levels after transplant +7 d,concentration was significantly increased.IL-7 concentration in group C was +14 d (194.32±1.02) pg/ml,+21 d (131.63±1.54) pg/ml and in group B was +14 d (330.24±8.08) pg/ml,+21 d (184.09±2.05) pg/ml,the difference was statistically significant (t =1.590,1.285,P ＜0.05).Conclusion The stable aGVHD mouse model was established.In aGVHD early,plasma IL-7 levels were significantly increased.Exogenous IL-7Rαcan reduce the plasma IL-7 levels,thereby reducing the incidence of aGVHD after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Objective To investigate the incidence of postoperative intubation-related complications and the need for measurement and adjustment of cuff-pressure of endotracheal tube. Methods Five hundred and nine patients of either sex undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation were divided into 2 groups: control group (group C)and cuff-pressure measured group (group CPM). Operation time and duration of endotracheal tube were recorded. Twenty patients with the duration of endotracheal tube 120-180 min in each group were selected. Their tracheal mucous membrane was examined by fiberoptic bronchoscopy at the time of withdrawal of endotracheal tube. Postoperative complications including cough and bloody sputum were also recorded at 24 h after extubation. Results The two groups were comparable with respect to age, sex, operation time and the duration of endotracheal tube. The incidence of sore throat and bloody sputum was significantly higher in group C than in CPM group. The incidence of sore throat and bloody sputum was significantly increased as the duration of endotracheal tube was prolonged in control group while in CPM group only the incidence of sore throat was increased. Varying degrees of injuries to tracheal mucous membrane were observed with fiberoptic bronchoscope.The injuries were more serious in group C than in CPM group. Conclusion Measurement of intracuff pressure is helpful for reducing the tracheal intubation-related complications.

OBJECTIVETo evalute the efficacy of high-resolution CT(HRCT) in differential diagnosis and treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media and cholesteatoma otitis media by soft-tissue shadows.

METHODSHRCT scanning was performed in 120 cases, 153 ears, with chronic otitis suppurative media and cholesteatoma otitis media, of which original data were processed with multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) and maximum intensity projection (MIP), the characteristics of the soft-tissue shadows' growth, window width or window leveling and bony destruction were respectively observed, as well as compared with the surgery findings.

RESULTSIn 120 patients (153 ears), 109 ears were diagnosed as cholesteatoma otitis media, and 44 ears were diagnosed as chronic suppurative otitis media, among which 33 ears had granulation tissue and 11 ears had secretion. One hundred and seven ears were postoperatively diagnosed as cholesteatoma otitis media, among which 25 ears had granulation tissue. Among 46 ears of chronic suppurative otitis media, 35 ears had granulation tissue, and only 11 ears had secretion. A 98.6% diagnostic accuracy can be reached with HRCT in diagnosing cholesteatoma otitis media and chronic suppurative otitis media. The Youden's index was 0.98, 0.98 and 1.00 respectively with HRCT in diagnosing cholesteatoma, granulation tissue and secretion.

CONCLUSIONSCombination of the three different imaging methods, axial images, coronal MPR images and MIP images, can improve the efficacy of the HRCT diagnosis and definite chronic otitis media, which can be routinely used for surgery plan.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; diagnostic imaging ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; Young Adult

Aim To investigate the influence of inhibi-tory nanocomposite on EC-9706 cells and the effect of nanocomposite on ESCCAL _ 1 LncRNA expression, siRNA-loaded nanocomposite being prepared as non-vi-rus delivery system Methods Mesoporous silica nano-particles were prepared by sol-gel method under room temperature and coated by cationic polymerpolyethylen-imine (PEI)on the surface to stay positive charge, which could facilitate its combination with negatively charged ESCCAL _ 1 siRNA. The size and surface charge of nanocomposite were determined by laser par-ticle analyzer and TEM. The inhibitory rate of nanopar-ticles on EC-9706 cells was detected by MTT methods. Entrapment efficiency was determined by agarose gel e-lectrophoresis. The uptake-siRNA was detected by flu-orescence microscope. The expression of ESCCAL _1 LncRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Results The MSNP appeared to have a high dispensability and hom-ogeneous size by particle size analyzer and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The formed nanoparticles had a surface mesoporous diameter of 3 ~ 5 nm. The proliferation of ESCCAL_1 was inhibited significantlly (P < 0. 05),and the 72h inhibitory rate was (54. 93 ± 2. 6)%;the siRNA loading could be effectively up-taken by EC-9706 cells;ESCCAL_1 silencing efficien-cy was 69. 5% . Conclusions The tumor targeting nanocomposite with high encapsulation efficiency is prepared. The proliferation of esophageal cancer EC-9706 cells can be effectively inhibited by anocompos-ite-mediated siRNA,and the expression of ESCCAL_1 is effectively silenced in EC-9706 cells. The nanocom-posite is an efficient gene delivery system and may have potential application in gene therapy.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-aging effects and reveal the underlying mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi ethanol extract (SBG) in D-galactose-induced rats. Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups: vehicle control group, D-galactose group, and D-galactose combined with 50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1) SBG. A rat aging model was induced by injecting subcutaneously D-galactose (100 mg x kg(-1)) for ten weeks. At the tenth week, the locomotor activity (in open-field test) and the learning and memory abilities (in Morris water maze test) were examined respectively. The urine was collected using metabolic cages and analyzed by high-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analyses. The SBG at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg x kg(-1) treatments groups could significantly ameliorate aging process in rats' cognitive performance. The 50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1) SBG regulated citrate, pyruvate, lactate, trimethylamine (TMA), pantothenate, β-hydroxybutyrate in urine favorably toward the control group. These biochemical changes are related to the disturbance in energy metabolism, glycometabolism and microbiome metabolism, which is helpful to further understanding the D-galactose induced aging rats and the therapeutic mechanism of SBG.
Aging ; drug effects ; Animals ; Galactose ; Memory ; drug effects ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Rats ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the apoptosis-related genes and protein expression patterns in relation to classical Hodgkin lymphomas (CHL) and the origin of H/RS cell.

METHODSSixty-two cases of CHL were retrieved from Shanxi Tumor Hospital files. An ABC method was used to detect the expression of bcl-2, CD3, CD20, CD30, CD15 and CD10, a double immunohistochemical method to study the H/RS cells P53 expression, a double immunohistochemical ABC-DNA end labeling technique to detect the apoptosis, a double immunohistochemical ABC- in situ hybridization technique to detect the expression of kappa mRNA and lambda mRNA, and a multiple mark techniques to detect the distribution of background non-neoplastic T and B cells.

RESULTOf 62 CHL, 14 (22.58%) were p53 positive and 35 (56.45%) bcl-2 positive. Apoptosis was found in the background non-neoplastic cells in all of the cases, but in H/RS cells in only 10 of 62 cases. There was a significant reverse correlation between bcl-2 expression and apoptosis in H/RS cells (P = 0.02). CD30 positive H/RS cells were observed in all cases, whereas CD15 positive in only 41 cases, and CD20 positive in 8 cases. None was positive for CD3, MPO, bcl-6, CD10, kappa RNA and lambda RNA in H/RS cells. The H/RS cells were surrounded by non-neoplastic T cells looked like a rosette and the outer periphery was B cells.

CONCLUSIONSThe H/RS cell of classical Hodgkin lymphoma has a great variety of B lineage markers. The characteristic distributions of T, B and H/RS cells may serve as a reference for the diagnosis. Multiple marker technique is able to highlight the critical cells, and facilitate the study of H/RS cells. Abnormal expression of P53 may not play a major role in CHL. Over expression of bcl-2 may be linked to blockage of apoptosis in CHL.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD20 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; CD3 Complex ; genetics ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Hodgkin Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Ki-1 Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lewis X Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neprilysin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reed-Sternberg Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To prepare T-helper cell(Th)epitnpe-modified human soluble B cell activating factor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family(BAFF)mutants and evaluate their immune response in vaccinated mice.Methods Recombinant cDNAs were cloned and ligated into the prokaryotie expression vec- tor pQE-80L respectively.The recombinant proteins were induced to express by IPTG in E.coli DH5?and purified with Ni-NTA chromatography.BALB/c mice were immunized with recombinant proteins respectively and the titres of the antibodies that were cross-reactive with BAFF in sera were analyzed by ELISA.Inhibiting ability of the antibodies in sera was analyzed by MTT assay.Results The recombinant proteins were highly expressed in E.coli DH5?.After purification,the purity of recombinant proteins was more than 90%.BALB/c mice immunized with recombinant proteins produced high levels of BAFF-specific antibodies.Cell proliferation assay showed that the sera of immunized mice could inhibit the proliferation-inducing activity of recombinant sBAFF and natural sBAFF.Conclusion The immune inhibitors of human BAFF which can induce polyclonal antibodies that are cross-reactive with BAFF are successfully prepared.These results may provide the basis for further study of their therapeutic effects.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction system on the apoptosis induced by electromagnetic exposure in PC12 cells.

METHODSAfter pretreated by SB203580 alone or together with U0126, PC12 cells were exposed to 65 mW/cm(2) electromagnetic wave for 20 min. The phosphorylations of ERK1/2, JNK and P38 MAPK were tested by Western-blot at 3 h and 24 h after electromagnetic exposure. The apoptosis of PC12 cells were detected by Annexin-V-FITC flow cytometry.

RESULTSU0126, but not SB203580 could inhibit the activation of ERK1/2 induced by electromagnetic exposure. U0126 and SB203580 had no effects on the activation of JNK. SB203580 could inhibit the activation of P38 MAPK significantly. But U0126 had no such effect on the activation of P38 MAPK. After pretreated by SB203580 alone or together with U0126, the apoptosis of PC12 cells decreased. But the pretreatment by U0126 alone had no influence on the apoptosis of PC12 cells.

CONCLUSIONThe P38 MAPK signal transduction modulate the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by electromagnetic exposure. ERK signal transduction has no effect on the apoptosis of PC12 cells. JNK signal transduction may promote the apoptosis of PC12 cells in the early stage after electromagnetic exposure.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; Electromagnetic Radiation ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; PC12 Cells ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Signal Transduction

OBJECTIVETo determine the risk factors involved in the typhoon episodes and to put forward and evaluate the intervention measures.

METHODSWe defined a confirmed injury case as: 'a person with fall,scalpel and stab, collision, drowning, injuries and trauma due to flying debris and building collapse, asphyxiation due to entrapment in collapsed buildings by typhoon from 0 am,August 12 to 6 pm, August 14 2004' and a death case as: 'a person with fall, scalpel and stab, collision, drowning, injuries and trauma due to flying debris and building collapse, asphyxiation due to entrapment in collapsed buildings by typhoon from 0 am, August 12 to 12 am, August 18 2004'. We investigated all hospitalized injured cases in ten hospitals and telephoned to those who were not hospitalized and the cases of death. We did case-control study with 1 pair versus 2 cases. 74 cases were selected in ten hospitals. The controls were neighbors of the controls matched by occupation, sex, village, and within 5 years of age without injury in this typhoon. We asked the cases and the controls on their alertness regarding typhoon and what actions taken when typhoon arrived.

RESULTSThere were 392 injury cases in all ten hospitals and 50 death cases. The attack rate of injury was 27.3 per 100 000. The fatal rate was 11.3% with the death rate 3.1 per 100 000. We investigated 209 injury cases and 31 death cases. The number of cases who were injured from 1 to 6 hours before typhoon landing accounted for 64.6% (155) of all cases. The peak of epidemic curve was 4 hours before the landing of typhoon. Data on the analysis of 74 cases and 148 controls revealed that 42% (31) of the cases were outside their homes before and during typhoon compared to 15% (22) of the controls (OR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.9-7.7). Compared with 20% (30) control persons (OR = 17,95% CI: 4.2-68). 28% (21) cases did not receive the alert of typhoon before it arrived compared with 18% (27) control persons (OR = 3.3, 95% CI:1.3-8.6). 53% (39) of the cases did not pay attention to the alert of typhoon before typhoon arrived.

CONCLUSIONStaying outdoor, not receiving or did not take seriously about the alert of typhoon seemed to be the risk factors of injury by the typhoon episode, suggesting that the government should increase the emergency preparedness and to raise the awareness on risks associated with typhoon.

Cause of Death ; China ; epidemiology ; Cyclonic Storms ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology ; mortality