This article reviewed hot spot and problems in the research of the senile dementia,and proposal the researching thoughts and the tentative treament plan of this disease.

Although the key role of External Quality Assessment schemes ( EQAS ) in the standardization/harmonization process has been clear from the start, it has never been totally implemented, mainly due to the lack of commutable materials, the difficulty target values and acceptable range.EQAS may also improve standardization/harmonization by proposing rules for the post-examination phase.Improvements in standardization and harmonization will really be able to work under the joint efforts of stakeholders.

The right internal quality control rules are really important for improving the quality of patient results report in clinical laboratory.In order to look for faster and simpler tools that will help laboratories select the right internal quality con-trol rules for their own applications,recently Westgard introduced a newer tool “Westgard Sigma Rules”which is quicker and easier to use than previous tools.And it is very easy to figure out the right internal quality control rules by using West-gard Sigma Rules.This article introduced the characteristics and usage of original Westgard Rules and sigma metrics graph, and focusing on the application methods and practices of Westgard Sigma Rules which is the combination of original West-gard Rules and sigma metrics graph.Once the sigma quality of the tests and methods in laboratories are calculated,the West-gard Sigma Rules diagram can make it easy to select the right control rules and the right number of control measurements.

Quality indicators (QIs)in laboratory medicine can measure how well a clinical laboratory meets the needs and re-quirements of users and the quality of all operational processes.The identification of reliable QIs is a crucial step in enabling users to quantify the quality of laboratory services.Different QIs and terminologies are currently used and,therefore,there is the need to harmonize proposed QIs.A model of quality indicators has been consensually developed by a group of clinical la-boratories according to a project launched by a working group of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and La-boratory Medicine.The model includes 57 QIs related to key processes (35 pre-,7 intra-and 15 post-examination phases)and 3 to support processes.The developed a model of quality indicators and the data collected provide evidence of the feasibility of the project to harmonize currently available QIs,but further efforts should be done to involve more clinical laboratories and to collect a more consistent amount of data.

FISH technology has become a routine technique in many clinical laboratories.It can be used for the examination of genetic aberrations that are too small to visualize by conventional cytogenetic assays,but too large to detect by standard DNA sequencing.Today,FISH applications are used not only in medical genetics,but also in many other disciplines including neuroscience,evolutionary biology,microbiology,pathology,toxicology,and reproductive genetics.As FISH technology keep developing,the requirement of the results of FISH is increasingly high.This paper described the quality management for FISH detailedly,aimed at improving the accuracy and reliability of the result of FISH,satisfying the requirements of clini-cians and patients and improving the healthcare quality and outcome of patients,hoping for providing some references for la-boratories who develop FISH technology.

Objective To explore the feasibility and effect of intervention therapy for patients subclavian steal syndrome.MethodsThe data of 35 patients with subclavian artery steal syndrome in neurology department of our hospital from October 2014 to March 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients treated with pecutaneous transtuminl angioplasty and stenting.The degree of vascular stenosis was measured by digital subtraction angiography, the inter-arm blood pressure was tested by mercury sphygmomanometer.And the clinical manifestations before and after surgery were compared.All patients were followed up for 1 to 12 months,the clinical manifestations,blood flow and vascular stenosis degree in patients were observed.Results All patients were finished pecutaneous transtuminl angioplasty and stenting successfully,7 patients with serious vascular stenosis treated with percutaneous intravascular balloon dilatation at first.The average artery stenosis before operation was(74.73±10.42)%,while it decreased to(8.60+3.16)% after surgery,which were measured by DSA,the difference was significant(P<0.01).The result from mercury sphygmomanometer showed that the inter-arm blood pressure from preoperative(44.43±10.12)mmHg to postoperative (10.09+4.80)mmHg (2~7 days),systolic blood pressure differential minified significantly,the difference was significant(P<0.01).All patients were followed up for 1 to 12 months,support forms of 34 cases were in good conditions without new narrow,1 case appeared narrow in postoperative 7 months,then recovered after reoperation;symptoms of 28 cases significantly improved or disappeared,5 cases partly alleviated,2 cases had recurrence,no serious complications such as thrombosis and severe infarction occurred.Conclusion The pecutaneous transtuminl angioplasty and stenting is stable,high successful and low short-term recurrence rate for subclavian steal syndrome,which is good to alleviate vascular stenosis,reduce interrm blood pressure difference and improve clinical manifestation.

This thesis described the necessity for practicing the tutorial system of specialist training in Chinese medical education,the essential basic elements for the construction of the tutorial system of specialist training and also the necessity for further exploration in the patterns of the tutorial system of specialist training in China.

Objective To compare the leukocyte-reduced red blood cells and plasmas respectively prepared by automated blood components separator and manual method so as to provide theoretical basis for automatic and standardized flow of blood components preparation.MethodsThe prepared red blood cells and plasma were measured on the hemoglobin concentration,mean corpuscular volume (MCV),red blood cell count (RBC),haematocrit (HCT),mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH),mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC),average red blood cell volume distribution width,plasma weight and protein content after the first separation,preparation time and etc.These results obtained from different methods were compared and analyzed.Results The plasma weight after the first separation which was one-off prepared were (267.57 ±16.31) g (by automatic method) and (246.06±22.48) g (by manual method) (P＜0.05) respectively.The preparation time were (66.66±9.01) s (by automatic method) and (162.33±22.00) s (by manual method) (P＜0.05) respectively.Other results had no significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion All blood components products in this research meet the criterion of GB 18469-2012.However,the quality and separation efficiency of products made by automatic blood component separator are obviously higher than those by manual method.

ObjectiveTo discuss treatment experiencing in femur periprothetic fracture after hip arthroplasty in pre-, intra- and post-surgery.Methods From March 2005 to May 2011, 27 patients (11 males, 16 females) aged ＞75 years with femur periprothetic fracture after hip replacement were studied. The mean time from primary hip replacement to femur perprosthetic fracture was 63 months(ranging from 7 to 83 months). According to vanconver classification, type A applying steel wire of character for 8 bind technique was 5 cases, type B applying prolonging stem technique locking compress plate (LCP)technique surrounding instrument technique was 19 cases and type C applying bone graft and plate fixation technique was 3 cases. All patients were followed up from 9 to 25 months (average, 16 months). The results of treatment were evaluated by Harris score and X rays. Results Bony heal was obtained in 22 patients and was not obtained in five cases among whom bony heal occurred in 3 cases and 2 patients could only keep prothetic and limb stable after receiving the bone graft once more. Walking was free in 14 cases,9 cases needed assistant walking instrument,and only 4 cases stayed in the bed freely. Harris score for last follow-up was 52 to 93 (mean 76).Conclusions Based on the patient general status, the fracture types and practical and stable principle, the effective methods can get good results in the treatment of femur periprosthetic fracture in aged patient.

Objective To investigate the effect of nursing interventions on the quality of life after radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal cancer. Methods 56 patients with nasopharyngeal cancer who received radiotherapy were randomly divided into control group and intervention group. All the patients were given conventional nursing interventions, and those in the intervention group were given accurate evaluation, enhanced psychological guide, reasonable dietary guide, and special nursing for preventing and treating complications. All the patients were evaluated by using quality of life questionnaire core 30 items(QOL-C30). Results The scores of the dimensions of somatic function,psychological function, social function and material life after interventions in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05 ). Conclusion Nursing interventions can improve the quality of life, and the therapy can be completed smoothly.