This article reviewed hot spot and problems in the research of the senile dementia,and proposal the researching thoughts and the tentative treament plan of this disease.

The right internal quality control rules are really important for improving the quality of patient results report in clinical laboratory.In order to look for faster and simpler tools that will help laboratories select the right internal quality con-trol rules for their own applications,recently Westgard introduced a newer tool “Westgard Sigma Rules”which is quicker and easier to use than previous tools.And it is very easy to figure out the right internal quality control rules by using West-gard Sigma Rules.This article introduced the characteristics and usage of original Westgard Rules and sigma metrics graph, and focusing on the application methods and practices of Westgard Sigma Rules which is the combination of original West-gard Rules and sigma metrics graph.Once the sigma quality of the tests and methods in laboratories are calculated,the West-gard Sigma Rules diagram can make it easy to select the right control rules and the right number of control measurements.

Although the key role of External Quality Assessment schemes ( EQAS ) in the standardization/harmonization process has been clear from the start, it has never been totally implemented, mainly due to the lack of commutable materials, the difficulty target values and acceptable range.EQAS may also improve standardization/harmonization by proposing rules for the post-examination phase.Improvements in standardization and harmonization will really be able to work under the joint efforts of stakeholders.

Quality indicators (QIs)in laboratory medicine can measure how well a clinical laboratory meets the needs and re-quirements of users and the quality of all operational processes.The identification of reliable QIs is a crucial step in enabling users to quantify the quality of laboratory services.Different QIs and terminologies are currently used and,therefore,there is the need to harmonize proposed QIs.A model of quality indicators has been consensually developed by a group of clinical la-boratories according to a project launched by a working group of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and La-boratory Medicine.The model includes 57 QIs related to key processes (35 pre-,7 intra-and 15 post-examination phases)and 3 to support processes.The developed a model of quality indicators and the data collected provide evidence of the feasibility of the project to harmonize currently available QIs,but further efforts should be done to involve more clinical laboratories and to collect a more consistent amount of data.

FISH technology has become a routine technique in many clinical laboratories.It can be used for the examination of genetic aberrations that are too small to visualize by conventional cytogenetic assays,but too large to detect by standard DNA sequencing.Today,FISH applications are used not only in medical genetics,but also in many other disciplines including neuroscience,evolutionary biology,microbiology,pathology,toxicology,and reproductive genetics.As FISH technology keep developing,the requirement of the results of FISH is increasingly high.This paper described the quality management for FISH detailedly,aimed at improving the accuracy and reliability of the result of FISH,satisfying the requirements of clini-cians and patients and improving the healthcare quality and outcome of patients,hoping for providing some references for la-boratories who develop FISH technology.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus auricular point electroacupuncture and its effect on the quality of life (QOL).Method Ninety-eight patients with post-stroke depression were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 49 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture plus auricular point electroacupuncture, while the control group was by oral administration of Fluoxetine hydrochloride. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Side-effect Rating Scale (SERS), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) were observed before and after intervention, and the clinical efficacies were also compared.Result The total effective rate was 89.1% in the treatment group versus 87.0% in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Respectively after 2-week, 4-week, and 8-week treatment, the HAMD scores were significantly different from that before intervention in the treatment group (P<0.05). Respectively after 2-week, 4-week, and 8-week treatment, the HAMD scores were significantly different from that before intervention in the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in comparing the HAMD scores between the two groups after 2-week, 4-week, and 8-week treatment (P>0.05). The SERS scores in the treatment group were significantly different from that in the control group after 4-week and 8-week treatment (P<0.05). In the treatment group, the SERS score after 8-week treatment was significantly different from that after 4-week treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of general health domain 1 and 4, physical health domain, psychological health domain, and environment domain from WHOQOL-BREF were significantly changed in both groups (P<0.05). After intervention, the physical health domain score of the treatment group was significantly different from that of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture plus auricular point electroacupuncture is an effective approach in treating post-stroke depression, and it can improve the quality of life of the patients.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is a heterogeneous group of clone bone marrow disorders.The diagnosis of MDS can be challenging when dysplastic features are minimal and cytogenetic analysis shows no abnormalities The high sensitivity of flow cytometry (FCM) in the detection of dysplasia in myeloid lineages makes it a valuable tool to distinguish possible clonal causes of cytopenia(s) from nonclonal causes.Due to the heterogeneity and absence of specific FCM markers for MDS,the immunophenotyping of MDS by FCM remains a big difficulty.Here we will focus on how to perform immunophenotyping of MDS by FCM and the potential diagnostic,prognostic and therapeutic value of FCM in MDS.

The mutation status of calreticulin gene (CALR) is helpful for the diagnosis of JAK2 / MPL mutation-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), and is closely related to the MPN progression and prognosis.Currently, Sanger sequencing, PCR-fragment analysis, high resolution melting, Taqman RQPCRand the next generation sequencing have been reported to be used to detecting the CALR gene mutations.A proper method for CALR mutation detection and a right laboratory diagnostic procedure according to the MPN-related molecular markers will facilitate the rapid and effective diagnosis and treatment of MPN.

Objective To research the relationship among the disc protrusion on MRI, sex, age, course and the clinical types. Methods MRI was performed for 102 patients. The disc protrusion was divided into three types. According to clinical types, the patients were divided into four types. Statistically, age, course, clinical type and protrusion on MRI were analyzed by SPSS13.0. Results The age was not related with the clinical types and disc protrusion on MRI. There were obvious relations between clinical types and course. There were obvious relations between clinical types and disc protrusion. Conclusion The clinical types are very important on diagnosis of disease stages and choice of therapy in treating lumbar disc protrusion.

ObjectiveTo discuss treatment experiencing in femur periprothetic fracture after hip arthroplasty in pre-, intra- and post-surgery.Methods From March 2005 to May 2011, 27 patients (11 males, 16 females) aged ＞75 years with femur periprothetic fracture after hip replacement were studied. The mean time from primary hip replacement to femur perprosthetic fracture was 63 months(ranging from 7 to 83 months). According to vanconver classification, type A applying steel wire of character for 8 bind technique was 5 cases, type B applying prolonging stem technique locking compress plate (LCP)technique surrounding instrument technique was 19 cases and type C applying bone graft and plate fixation technique was 3 cases. All patients were followed up from 9 to 25 months (average, 16 months). The results of treatment were evaluated by Harris score and X rays. Results Bony heal was obtained in 22 patients and was not obtained in five cases among whom bony heal occurred in 3 cases and 2 patients could only keep prothetic and limb stable after receiving the bone graft once more. Walking was free in 14 cases,9 cases needed assistant walking instrument,and only 4 cases stayed in the bed freely. Harris score for last follow-up was 52 to 93 (mean 76).Conclusions Based on the patient general status, the fracture types and practical and stable principle, the effective methods can get good results in the treatment of femur periprosthetic fracture in aged patient.