Objective To investigate the vicissitude of infection pathogens and their change in resistance to antibiotics in our hospital in the past 10 years, and to offer scientific information for clinical anti-infection treatment. Methods The data of pathogens identified and susceptibility test with VITEK system as well as K-B methods from 1995 to 2002 were analyzed. Results Gram negative bacteria was the predominance bacteria in recent 5 years, accounting for 60.7%-70.2% of all pathogens, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranked first, followed by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia sp, Enterobacter sp and Acinetobacter sp. The ratio of Acinetobacter sp seemed to be increased in 1998, and it kept a high level in recent years. The isolation rate of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical specimens was the highest among pathogens since 1999, and 42.9%-74.5% of them were Methicillin-resistance S. aureus (MRSA). MRSA was found to be highly resistant to many antibiotics, and there was a tendency of increasing resistance to all kinds of antibiotics in Ps. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species. Conclusion The significant changes in infectious pathogens in our hospital were an increase in S. aureus and decrease in E.coli in constituent ratios, as well as an elevation of drug resistance level of predominate bacteria. The results suggest that corresponding adjustment should be made in the strategy of infection treatment.

Objective To study the mechanism of resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens in a hospital, and to provide a reference for the use of aminoglycoside antibiotics for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infection as well as disinfection and sterilization. Methods 35 strains of multi-resistant P. aeruginosa were screened from clinical specimens by susceptibility test of agar dilution. Five kinds of aminoglycoside modifying enzyme gene and qzcE?1 gene were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results The positive rates of aminoglycoside modifying enzyme genes, including aac(3)-Ⅱ, aac(6′)-Ⅰ, aac(6′)-Ⅱ, ant(3″)-Ⅰ and ant(2″)-Ⅰ, were 48.6%, 40%, 54.3%, 45.7% and 60%, respectively, and nearly all strains were positive for 2 or more than 2 kinds of above aminoglycoside modifying enzyme gene. The positive rate of qzcE?1 gene was 94.3%. Conclusions There was a close relationship between aminoglycoside modifying enzyme producing P. aeruginosa and its multi-resistance to antibiotics, The results suugested that aminoglycosides should be used cautiously, and it should be based on the result of susceptibility test in the treatment of P. aeruginosa infection, and it was inadvisable to use quaternary ammonium and biguanides disinfectant in disinfection and sterilization.

0.05,compared with using 1.75 mmol/L calcium dialysate.The serum iPTH increased significantly,P0.05.Conclusion 1.25 mmol/L or 1.50 mmol/L lower-calcium dialysate can elevate the level of serum iPTH in MHD patients.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow stromal stem cels transplanted into infracted cardiac tissue can inhibit and reduce myocardial apoptosis, but whether this effect is correlated with improvement in cardiac function is stil unclear. OBJECTIVE:To study the early effect of bone marrow stromal stem cels transplanted into the ischemic myocardium on the cardiac function. METHODS: Models of acute myocardial infarction were established by ligation of the left anterior descending branch, while no ligation was done in the sham group. In the transplantation group, rat bone marrow stromal stem cels (0.1 mL, 2×106 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 3 days after cel transplantation, myocardial apoptosis was more evident in the infarct and ischemic zones of the model group than the sham group; the number of apoptotic myocardial cels was significantly lower in the infarct and ischemic zones of the transplantation group than the model group. Compared with the sham group, the mean arterial blood pressure and left ventricular systolic pressure were ) were injected into five sites on the edge of infarcted myocardial tissues at 30 minutes after myocardial infarction. In the sham group and model group, the same volume of normal saline was injected into the myocardial tissues. Three days after cel transplantation, hemodynamic monitoring, echocardiography, TUNEL assay were employed to detect myocardial apoptosis. significantly reduced, the left ventricular end diastolic pressure was increased, and the left ventricular ejection fraction and shortened fraction were significantly lowered in the model and transplantation groups (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between the model and transplantation groups (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that myocardial apoptosis can be reduced but the cardiac function cannot be improved in acute myocardial infarction rats at early stage after bone marrow stromal stem cels transplantation.

Forms and Records Control ; methods ; Humans ; Pathology, Clinical ; methods

Objective To clarify the diagnostic value of oblique axial scan parallel to the course of the anterior talofibular ligament in magnetic resonance imaging of anterior talofibular ligament in patients with chronic ankle instability. Methods 96 patients with ankle injury who were admitted into our hospital form June 2010 to March 2015 were examed with oblique axial scan beside the routine axial magnetic res-onance imaging examination. The grade of the anterior talofibular ligament injury and confirmed full-length views of the anterior talofibular lig-ament were analyzed by two musculoskeletal radiologists ( with more than 5 years experience) , and associated lesions were also checked. Re-sults The full-length view of the anterior talofibular ligament was checked in 69 patients (71. 8%) through the routine axial view and it was checked in 93 patients (96. 9%) through the oblique axial scan view. Anterior talofibular ligament injury was checked in 71 patients through the oblique axial scan, which was 19 patients more than that through the routine axial. Conclusion An additional oblique axial scan is use-ful in evaluation of anterior talofiibular ligament in patients with ankle injury.

Objective To determine whether mutation of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) X gene is associated with hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN).Methods The venous blood was collected from 50 patients with HBV-GN and 60 patients with asymptomatic HBV carriers (control group).Serum HBV DNA was extracted to determine the serum titer of HBV-DNA and then polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the HBV X gene mutation.Results (1)There were not statistical significance between age and gender in HBV-GN group and control group (P ＞0.05).There were not statistical significance of serum replication level of HBV DNA in HBV-GN with X gene mutation and control group (P ＞ 0.05).Urine protein excretion in HBV-GN group with or without X gene mutation was found with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).(2)Nucleotide mutations [84％ (42/50)] resulted in amino acid substitution in HBV-GN.Nucleotide mutations changed in transfunction control region of X gene,including position nt1653,nt1726,nt1727,nt1730,nt1753,nt1762 and nt1764.(3)Nucleotide mutations [8％(5/60)] resulted in amino acid substitution in control group.Nucleotide mutations changed in position nt1632 and nt1635,located in non-functional region.Conclusions HBV X gene mutations and the subsequent amino acid substitutions are found in HBV-GN.The urine protein excretion level increases in patients with X mutation,suggesting that these mutations may play an important role in the pathogenesis of HBV-GN.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preventive effect of Bushen Huoxue Recipe (BSHXR), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on autoimmune premature ovarian failure (POF) in mice. METHODS: Ovarian antigen was prepared with the ovarian tissue of female BALB/c mice. A mouse model of POF was established by immunization injection of the ovarian antigen of isotype female mice on multiple subcutaneous sites and two posterior soles. The POF mice were treated with BSHXR after the first and third immunization. The levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E2) in peripheral blood were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Lymphocyte infiltration was appeared in ovarian stroma of POF mice. The levels of FSH and LH were evaluated and the E(2) level was decreased significantly (P<0.05). BSHXR could reduce the increased levels of FSH and LH, increase the level of E(2) and the number of growing and mature follicles. The efficacy of early treatment was better than that of late treatment. CONCLUSION: BSHXR can recover ovarian function in POF mice mainly by regulating the indiscriminate hormone level, and BSHXR has preventive effect on autoimmune POF in mice.

HBx gene is a multifunctional regulator,which has extensive trans-activating effects,and can activate transcription factors,inhibit DNA repair and regulate cell proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis.In recent years,the role of HBx gene in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus-associated glomemlonephritis (HBV-GN) has been extensively studied,and the results show that HBx can promote glomerular mesangial cell proliferation,and induce damage or apoptosis of podocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells.This paper reviews the research progress on biological characteristics of HBx and its role in pathogenesis of HBV-GN.

Objective To observe the biomechanical changes of subchondral bone in the early stage of knee joint instability and effect of diphosphonate therapy so as to investigate the role of the early biomechanical changes of subchondral bone in the onset and development of osteoarthritis (OA).Methods Sixty healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were assigned to model group (n =24),diphosphonate group (n =24) and control group (n =12) according to random number table.Joint destabilization by anterior cruciate ligament transection of the right knee of the rabbits was performed to induce OA models.Rabbits in diphosphonate group received subcutaneous injection of 0.01 mg/kg diphosphonate (risedronate) per day,and isotonic saline solution of the same volume was subcutaneously given to rabbits in model and control groups.Half the animals in each group were killed by aeroembolism at postoperative 4 weeks and 12 weeks respectively.Surgical knee joint with preservation of each 2 cm bone above and below joint surface was dissected to perform gross scoring.Thereafter,two-dimensional image profile was achieved by Micro-CT examination and converted into Ansys for limit element analysis after fitting in Mimics software.Results At four weeks,bone volume fraction (BVF),elastic modulus (EM),reaction force (RF),and mean Von Mises stress were all declined in three groups,the lowest level in the model group (P ＜ 0.01).The diphosphonate group also had lower levels than the control group,with insignificant difference.Bone mineral density (BMD) in the model group was obviously declined in contrast with the diphosphonate and control groups (P ＜ 0.01),but there were no significant difference between the diphosphonate group and the control group.At 12 weeks,the model group showed higher level of BVF and BMD,but lower level of EM,RF and Von Mises stress in comparison with the control and diphosphonate groups (P ＜ 0.01).EM,RF,and Von Mises stress were lower in the diphosphonate group than those in the control group as well,but the difference was statistically insignificant.The model group showed that BVF,BMD,EM,RF,and Von Mises stress at 12 weeks were improved from those at 4 weeks (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Biomechanical properties of subchondral bone are affected in the early stage of knee joint instability and a notable decrease of EM is observed in the early stage,followed by an enhancement in late stage.It means that the biomechanical changes of subchondra,l bone in the early stage of knee joint instability may be connected with the bone resorption resulting from abnormal stress.On the contrary,diphosphonate may markedly improve EM of subchondral bone through inhibiting bone resorption.