Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

AlM: To discuss the application effect of surgical simulator to improve the microsurgical skills in junior ophthalmologist. METHODS: Lecture teaching, training in surgical simulator and operation in animal eyes were received in all these ophthalmologists. Results of the ability of operation in cataract surgery after this training were analyzed. RESULTS: After taught theory, students completed cataract surgical procedures on simulator and the mean test score was 75. 91 ± 6. 53 points. After trained on simulator repeatedly, the mean test score was 85. 57±4. 64 points. There was statistically significant difference ( P<0. 01) . During the third stage of practicing on animal eyes, the score was 89. 77 ± 7. 61 points, there was statistically significant difference compared with former two stages (P<0. 05).CONCLUSlON: Comprehensive training can improve microsurgical skills of junior ophthalmologist, but the long effect need to be observed.

Objective To study the practicality and repeatability of B-mode ultrasonography on diagnosis and score of carotid atherosclerosis. Methods Ninety-nine B-mode ultrasonography pictures of carotid atherosclerosis were obtained from field investigation. According to the established standard(normal scored as 0, other scored as 1 - 7 by the severity), the 99 pictures were diagnosed and scored once together by three trained inexperienced members of the research team. Ten days later, these pictures were diagnosed and scored respectively, by the three members.The diagnostic results were analyzed with statistical methods to test the feasibility and repeatability of this set of diagnostic and scoring system. Results The joint diagnostic results by the three group members were regard as standard with scores 0 in 27 cases, 1 in 27 cases, 2 in 10 cases, 3 in 4 cases, 4 in 13 cases, 5 in 8 cases, 6 in 6 cases, and 7 in 4 cases. Independent diagnostic results by member A was 0 in 29 cases, 1 in 24 cases, 2 in 11 cases, 3 in 2 cases, 4 in 12 cases, 5 in 11 cases, 6 in 6 cases, and 7 in 4 cases. Independent diagnostic results by member B was 0 in 29 cases, 1 in 22 cases, 2 in 14 cases, 3 in 4 cases, 4 in 13 cases, 5 in 5 cases, 6 in 8 cases, and 7 in 4 cases. Independent diagnostic results by member C was 0 in 28 cases, 1 in 25 cases, 2 in 8 cases, 3 in 5 cases, 4 in 14 cases, 5 in 10 cases, 6 in 4 cases, and 7 in 5 cases. Comparison of the 4 diagnostic scores, the difference was not statistically significant(F = 0.019, P ＞ 0.05). Joint diagnostic results of the three members were compared with the standard and correlation coefficient were 0.977,0.987,0.932, respectively(all P ＜ 0.01 ). The correlation coefficient of diagnostic results of each member were 0.969,0.935,0.928, respectively (all P ＜0.01 ). Diagnostic results of each member were consistent with the standard and the compliance rate were 88.9% (88/99) ,90.9%(90/99) and 86.9%(86/99), respectively. Conclusions B-mode ultrasonography is a non-injure method for diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis in epidemiology investigation. The method is easy to grasp and has a good repeatability.

Acanthoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Keratin-14 ; metabolism ; Keratin-5 ; metabolism ; Keratin-6 ; metabolism ; Keratosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Poroma ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Sweat Gland Neoplasms ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

BACKGROUND:Recent studies indicate that osteolysis surrounding prosthesis is the main reason causing artificial joint loosening.The reason and development process of osteolysis surrounding prosthesis are not fully understood.OBJECTIVE:To observe the pathological changes of limiting membrane surrounding sterile loosened prosthesis of artificial hip ioint and compare that with cicatricial tissue surrounding internal fixation.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Histological observation was done at The Second Hospital of Soochow University between September 2000 and December 2005.PARTICIPANTS:Limiting membrane surrounding prosthesis of eight artificial hip joints overhauled for loosening were removed during operation for pathological examination.METHODS:Specimens were fixed with 10%formaldehyde solution and embedded with paraffin,and were cut into sections,the sections were stained by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and immunohistochemistry staining.The specimens were done bacterial culture.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Histopathological changes.RESULTS:Wear particles,cellular proliferation and osteolytic factors were found in the limiting membrane surrounding loosening prosthesis.The bacterial culture results of the specimens were negative.CONCLUSION:Wear particles generated in the using process of prosthesis can activate osteolytic factors produced by inflammatory cells and is an important reason leading to sterile loosening of prosthesis.

SUMMARY We analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics of one patient with Rhupus syndrome as-sociated nephropathy in Peking University People ’s Hospital, and reviewed the related literature .The pa-tient was a middle aged female .She developed rheumatoid arthritis first , and then manifested mild sys-temic lupus erythematosus together with positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( ANCA ) and cryoglobulinemia several years later .The renal biopsy was performed and manifested as lupus nephritis . The transmission electron microscopy revealed cryoglobulinemia associated renal damage .This report shows that the clinicopathological characteristics in patients with Rhupus syndrome associated nephropathy are complicated .The renal pathology can be used as a diagnostic tool .

BACKGROUND:Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury is a serious secondary injury of the spinal cord. Multifactor could contribute to the mechanism of this injury, and many therapeutic measures emerge, but the therapeutic effect is not ideal.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of hydrogen-rich saline on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits.
METHODS:ZIVIN method was adopted to prepare the model of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. The rabbit models were randomly divided into model group, sham operation group, and hydrogen-rich saline group.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Improved Tarlov scores for the evaluation of motor function were significantly increased in hydrogen-rich saline group compared with the model group at 6, 12, 24, 72 hours after reperfusion (P<0.01). The contents of malondialdehyde were significantly lower (P<0.05), while catalase activity was significantly higher (P<0.05) in hydrogen-rich saline group than that in model group at 72 hours after reperfusion. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that, spinal cord anterior-horn motor neurons maintained intact structure in sham operation group;more necrotic spinal cord anterior-horn motor neurons were found in model group, and granular-vacuolar degeneration occurred in the endochylema. In hydrogen-rich saline group, the structure of spinal cord anterior-horn motor neurons was basical y intact, only a smal amount of spinal cord anterior-horn motor neurons appeared vacuolar degeneration. TUNEL staining showed no apoptotic spinal cord anterior-horn motor neurons in sham operation group. Many inflammatory cel s and apoptotic neurons were found in model group. There were few inflammatory cel s and apoptotic neurons in hydrogen-rich saline group. Hydrogen-rich saline can prevent the apoptosis of spinal cord anterior-horn motor neurons in rabbits with spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury, and the underlying mechanism is associated with antioxidative effect.

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of PTEN gene transfection combined with L-OHP on human cholangiocarcinoma cell line, QBC939, providing a new method for gene therapy of human biliary duct carcinoma. Methods: A eukaryotic expression vector containing PTEN gene was transfected into human QBC939 cells under mediation of lipofectamine and positive cell clones were selected and amplified. Expression of PTEN gene was detected by immunohistochemistry. MTT test was used to determine the in vitro activity of cells, electron microscope was applied to observe cell ultrastructure, and flow cytometry was used for determining the cell cycle and apoptosis. In vitro test was used to study the invasive ability of cells before and after treatment. Results: After transfected with PTEN gene, QBC939 cells had a higher expression of PTEN gene (P

Objective:To investigate the strategies and methods of pancreatic cancer immunotherapy adopt cytotoxic T lymphocytes activated by dendritic cells(DCs),which modified by heat shock protein 70 peptide complex(HSP70-PC).Methods:HSP70 peptide complex from lumps of tumor-bearing mouse innoculated with pancreas cancer cell(MPC83)were purified by ConA-Sepharose and ADP-Agarose affinity chromatography.Dendritic cells derived from normal murine bone marrow were induced by GM-CSF and IL-4.MTT method was applied to analyses the proliferation activities of DCs.To achieve the specific T lymphocyte cells,DCs modified with HSP70 peptide complex were coculture with murine spleen lymphocytes for 48 hours.Then these activated lymphocytes were cocultured with MPC83 at ratio of effect-target 10∶1 and 20∶1 in vitro and the killing activities were detected by MTT method.Results:High purify HSP70-PC was obtained;104 DCs need 50～100ng of HSP70-PC to modify,100?g of HSP70-PC peptide complex can be extracted from per 1g lump;T cells stimulated by HSP70-PC modify DCs showed more specific cytotoxic activity to MPC83 than lymphocytes activated by DCs without HSP70-PC in vitro.Conclusion:We can extract high purity HSP70-PC for clinical individual immunotherapy from pancreatic cancer lump by using hypobaric affinity chromatography;DCs vaccine modified with HSP70-PC has significant kill effect against pancreatic cancer cell in vitro.

Objective:To study the antiviral effect of ISG20 on HCV replicon.Methods:Wild type ISG20/mutated ISG20 cDNAs were obtained by RT-PCR/two step-PCR directed mutagenesis, and wild type ISG20 and dominant negative mutated ISG20 mammal expression vectors were consuructed. The constructed pISG20wt and pISG20m expressing vectors were transfected into Huh7 cells or Huh7 cells containing HCV replicon to investigate its effects on HCV replicon replication.Results:The ISG20wt/ISG20m expression vectors were constructed and the expressions of these two vectors were confirmed at both mRNA and protein levels. The effects of ISG20wt on HCV replicon replication were evaluated by Northern blot and Western blot. The results showed that expression of ISG20wt had significant inhibitory effect on HCV RNA replication.Conclusion:ISG20 participates in the anti-HCV action of IFN-? on HCV replicon system.