Objective To evaluate whether the MDR1 exon 26 genotype is associated with the dosage of FK506 and acute rejection in renal transplant patients. Methods One hundred and six patients who administrated FK506 after renal transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were investigated for MDR1 genotype determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assays. According to the genotype, the patients were divided into 3 subgroups, wild homozygous-CC, mutant homozygous-TT and heterozygous-CT. At 3rd, 6th and 12th month after renal transplantation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the FK506 whole blood concentration. Whole blood FK506 concentration per dose/kg/day and acute rejection within one month postoperation were compared among 3 subgroups. Results Of the 106 patients, 32 (30.2 %), 44 (41.5 %) and 30 (28.3 %) were carriers of CC, CT, TT in MDR1 exon 26, respectively. The whole blood FK506 concentration per dose/kg/day for patients with CC was remarkably lower that that of the patients with either CT or TT (P

Objective For better recognition of the hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) with reference to its clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment [WT5”HZ]Methods [WT5”BZ] A survey of 7 families of HNPCC patients was made [WT5”HZ] Results [WT5”BZ]Among the 7 families, 21 persons had colorectal cancer with age ranging from 26 to 79 years (average 46 years) The total of the colorectal cancer foci in 21 cases were 31,among which 16 were located proximal to,10 distal to the splenic flexure and 5 without definite record 61 5%(16/26) of the colorectal cancer foci were located proximal to the splenic flexure Six patients had multifocal colorectal cancer, which accounted for 28 6%(6/21) of all cases [WT5”HZ] Conclusions [WT5”BZ] HNPCC patients and their family members should be followed up regularly for early diagnosis and treatment of the disease and for better prognosis

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of various surgical procedures on liver carcinoma accompanied by portal hypertension. MethodsOne stage surgical procedure was performed in 28 cases of liver carcinoma accompanied by portal hypertension in our department from January 1992 to June 2000. ResultsThere was no operative mortality. The postoperative complications developed in 39%(11/28). The postoperative survival rates of 1?2 and 3 years were respectively 91%, 61%, and 48%. Postoperative upper digestive tract hemorrhage developed in 9 cases, 13 cases died during follow-up period, of whom 6 cases died of the recurrence of liver carcinoma, 2 cases died of liver failure, 5 cases died of upper digestive tract hemorrhage.Conclusions The survival time can be prolonged and the postoperative complications reduced through prudent selection of surgical procedures in patients suffering from concurrent liver cancer and portal hypertension. Postoperative recurrent bleeding can be prevented by pericardial devascularization. In poor risk cases with huge carcinoma, simple surgical procedure should be applied,and with a discreet application of chemoembolization.

Objective To elucidate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of Aspergillus necrotizing bronchitis. Methods Medical records and investigation data from 5 eases of Aspergillus necrotizing bronchitis were retrospectively analyzed, and related literatures were reviewed. Results Five patients (3 males and 2 females) with mean age of 63.6 y were enrolled in this study. All patients had histopathologically proved necrotizing aspergillosis of the large airways. Common presentations included cough, short of breath, sputum production, fever and haemoptysis. Tracheoscopy presentations included necrosis, mucous hyperemia, focal airway constriction and neoplasm. The CT findings included bronchial wall thickening, narrowing of the bronchial lumen, which was often associated with distal obstructive pneumonia. Conclusions The clinical manifestations of Aspergillus necrotizing bronchitis are nonspecific, and histopatholagical diagnosis is essential for a definite diagnosis and can be supported by tracheoscope or imaging techniques.

[Objective] To investigate doctor Xu Qing Lingtai’s vitality academic thought. [Methods] Using traditional philological research methods, through a careful reading medical books of Xu Lingtai, combined with various Chinese medicine theory, summarize his vitality academic thought. [Re-sult] The study refines that Xu Lingtaivitalityacademic thought can be summarized as: Xu thought vitality is the first righteous cause for doctors to treat diseases; doctors shal get to the bottom and care vitality. In theory, he viewed that the innate vitality comes before the blood and Qi. The true viscera essence is the sub-strength of vitality. In clinical thinking, he actual y applied the theory in 3 aspects:diagnosing diseases with vitality, evil and vitality com-bined and using warm-dry drugs with caution. [Conclusion] Xu Lingtai inherited the former based on the theory and put forwardstrength theory.Hisvitality theory is unique not only in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine essence, but also has great features in the clinical syndrome differentiation. Its doctrine has important reference value on clinical medicine.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the DAP database in reducing radiation hazards during cardiovascular intervention.Methods The study conducted a retrospective analysis of all consecutive cardiovascular cases in the database from April 1st,2016 to June 30th,2016.Based on the imaging systems,an inage intensifier (Ⅱ) and a flat panel detector (FPD),the cases of patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) were collected to observe Body Mass Index (BMI),fluoroscopy time (FT) and dose area product (DAP).Results The FT and DAP values in CAG were (3.26-±2.59) min and (1 938±1 296) μGy·m2 for the Ⅱ system and (3.00 ± 2.89) min and (3 718 ± 2 859) μGy· m2 for the FPD system,respectively,whereas,the FT and DAP values in PCI were (17.81 ± 12.71) min and (8 899 ±7 032) μGy·m2 for the Ⅱ system and (21.99 ± 15.91) min and (19 526 ± 14 134) μGy · m2 for the FPD system,respectively.The differences in DAP values (x ± s) for CAG and PCI between the angiography systems were significant(t =-10.664,11.239,P ＜ 0.05).The DAP and total DAP values during PCI for fluoroscopy from the FPD systen were 3 596 755.60 and 4 881 484.50 μGy · m2,respectively.Conclusions The DAP values in CAG and PCI using FPD system are much higher than the relevant data.The use of an FPD system resulted in higher DAP values compared to the Ⅱ system in cardiovascular interventional procedures.Reduction in fluoroscopy time may decrease radiation hazards during PCI.The DAP database allows for a fast,convenient and enough objective data to discovery timely difference and variation in dose in cardiovascular interventional procedures.

Aim To investigate the effect of low molecular N-trimethyl chloride chitosan(LMTC) on the growth of bovine vascular smooth muscle cells(BVSMCs) in vitro. Methods The antiproliferation activities of LMTC were evaluated in BVSMCs by means of crystal violet staining and MTT assay. The morphological changes of LMTC in BVSMCs were observed under transmission electron microscope. Cell survival ratio influenced by LMTC was assessed by flow cytometer. [WTHZ]Results After BVSMCs were treated by LMTC for 72 h,the growth of the cells was inhibited in vitro and was dependent on concentration; there were some changes of apoptosis by transmission electron microscope and flow cytometer. Conclusion LMTC can inhibit the proliferation of BVSMCs and induce their apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the modulation of FasL protein in colon cancer cells by interleukin 18 (IL 18) and it's effect on tumor cells counterattacking T lymphocytes. Methods By using Western blotting assay, FasL protein expression was examined in human colon cancer cell line SW620. The ratio of apoptosis of lymphocytes induced by tumor cells was studied by flow cytometry analysis. Results 10 ?g/L and 100 ?g/L IL 18 upregulated FasL protein expression in SW620 cell line, reaching the peak in 18 and 36 hours respectively, and returned to initial levels in 72 hours. The ratio of apoptosis of Jurkat cells induced by tumor cells increased in accordance with the upregulation of FasL protein. Conclusions IL 18 upregulates FasL protein expression in colon cancer cell line and enhances the ability of cancer cells to counterattack T lymphocytes.

Objective To evaluate the value of real-time enhanced-ultrasonography (EUS) in the diagnosis of hepatic tumor. Methods Twenty-nine patients with 34 hepatic solid lesions were examined by real-time EUS,including 16 primary liver malignant tumors,4 metastatic liver tumors,5 focal nodular hyperplasias (FNH),and 9 hemangiomas. All the cases were confirmed by histopathology. The ultrasound unit (Esaote Megas) with real-time EUS technique was used. The contrast agent used was SonoVue (Bracco,Italy). Results After injection of SonoVue,all the lesions were variously enhanced on real-time ultrasonogram. A holistic inhomogeneous enhanced pattern with quick disappearing was mostly detected by real-time EUS in hepatic malignant tumors,a peripheral and centripetal enhanced pattern was mostly shown in hamangiomas,and a radial centrifugal enhanced pattern with homogeneity and quickly was observed in FNHs. If the lesions with enhancement in arterial phase and disappearing in portal phase after injection of SonoVue were regarded as a sign for malignant liver tumor,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in the diagnosis of liver cancer with real-time EUS were respectively 95%(19/20),100%(14/14) and 97% (33/34). Conclusions The dynamic enhanced fashions and various enhanced features in various hepatic tumors will be reflected by real time EUS,which improves the accuracy of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of liver tumors.

Objective To find the normal range and features for auditory brainstem responses(ABR)of infants within six months,and the basic parameters for identifying the hearing impaired infants.Methods May 2006 to May 2008,60 normal infants and 20 normal adults received the ABR tests.The infants were divided into three groups:group A(6 weeks),group B(3 months)and group C(6 months).Each group consisted of 20 infants(40 ears)and the ABR data were statistically analyzed.Results At 100 dB nHL,the waveⅠ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ latencies of ABR for 6-week infants respectively were 1.49?0.08 ms,4.42?0.16 ms and 6.61?0.25 ms,for 3-month infants,1.47?0.07 ms,4.35?0.20 ms and 6.50?0.25 ms,for 6-month infants,1.45?0.07 ms,4.17?0.15 ms and 6.32?0.22 ms.At 80 dB nHL,the waveⅠ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ latencies of ABR for 6-week infants were 1.63?0.08 ms,4.52?0.17 ms and 6.74?0.26 ms,respectively,for 3-month infants,1.64?0.11 ms,4.44?0.20 ms and 6.67?0.26 ms,for 6-month infants,1.60?0.11 ms,4.27?0.16 ms and 6.43?0.24 ms.As the intensity of stimulating signals decreased,the peak latency of ABR became more delayed.The peak latencies of Ⅲ,Ⅴ waves and interval peak latencies of Ⅰ-Ⅲ and-Ⅴ waves for the infants were more delayed than those for adults,and became shorter with the increase of the infants' ages,but they failed to reach adults' levels even for 6-month infants.However,the length of wave Ⅰ of ABR for infants of different months was close to that for adults.The thresholds of ABR for the infants of different ages were not significantly different,all being close to the values for adults.Conclusion This study has analyzed the ABR wave features for the infants of three ages and this can help to define the reference ranges for the infants and to provide the parameters for early diagnosis of hearing loss among the infants.