0.05). CONCLUSIONS Minocycline,deoxycycline and josamycin can be chosed to cure Mycoplasma infection in this territory. Drug fast rate of mycoplasma is changing with the time. It is important for guiding clinic to monitor drug resistance of mycoplasma of Genitourinary tract.

ObjectiveTo ascertain the safety and function of the transplantation of neonatal pig islets (NPIs) for diabetic patients.MethodsNPIs were injected into the hepatic artery of 22 patients.After the transplantation,the patients were treated with a multiple drug immunosuppressive regimens.The first 14 patients were treated with cyclosporine (CsA),mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and prednisolon,and porcine C-peptide was not monitored,the following 2 patients were given cyklosporin and MMF only,while the next 6 patients were given a quadruple drug regimen consisting of OKT3,takrolimus,sirolimus and prednisolon.The blood glucose levels,exogenous insulin requirement,HbA1c,porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) and liver function were assessed before and after NPI transplantation.The serum porcine C peptide were monitored in last 8 patients.ResultsThe first 14 patients required less insulin and the HbAlc dropped after the transplantation.In the 2 subsequent patients,the metabolic parameters remained unchanged and monitor of porcine C-peptide was negative.Insulin requirements were reduced in all 6 patients,and HbAlc was normalized 3 months after the transplantation.Significant levels of porcine C-peptide were detected in the patient serum.Two of the patients were given a second injection of NPIs,and one of them became insulin independent for 7 d.No serious adverse events were noted after the transplantation.There was no evidence of PERV transmission.Six out of the 22 patients were followed up for 4-6 years after the NPIs injection,immunosuppressive treatment was stopped 1 year after the transplantation.The patients started to take insulin at the time of follow up.Four patients restricted the intake of sugar,while the other 2 did not.One patient had ketoacidosis twice and slight diabetic retinopathy,and another patient had ketoacidosis induced by acute gastroenteritis.The remaining 4 patients did not have any complications.Assays for PERV were again negative.ConclusionXenogenic islets can survive and function in the human body.No serious adverse events are noted.

Objective To clone and express cathepsin B gene of Echinococcus granulosus(EgCatB)and analyze EgCatB protein by using bioinformatics tools and online databases. Methods The total RNA of E. granulosus was extracted and reverse?ly transcribed into cDNA as the template sequence for PCR. The EgCatB gene was cloned by using the In?Fusion PCR cloning method and expressed by a wheat germ cell?free system,and then the recombinant protein was identified by Western blotting. The signal peptide,transmembrane helices and subcellular location of the EgCatB sequence were predicted by the online soft?ware SignalP 4.1,TMHMM sever v. 2.0 and TargetP 1.1 respectively. Subsequently,the homologue sequence and conserved sites were aligned by using BLASTP and GeneDoc software. Finally,the structures and the glycosylation modification site of the EgCatB encoding protein were analyzed and predicted in turn by ProtParam,SMART,Predictprotein,Swiss?model,NetOGlyc 4.0 and NetNGlyc 1.0 approaches. Results The EgCatB gene was successfully amplified from cDNA of E. granulosus and ex?pressed in the soluble fractions. The molecular weight of the expressed protein was estimated 35 kDa. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that EgCatB was a classical secreted protein containing a Pept_C1 domain. The homology analysis indicated that the amino acid sequence of EgCatB was highly conserved in the active enzyme sites. The protein structure prediction showed a cata?lytic active center was formed through Gln106,Cys112,His282 and Asn302. It was found that there were nine O?glycosylation sites in the EgCatB sequence,but no N?glycosylation sites. Conclusions The EgCatB gene is cloned and expressed successfully,and the recombinant protein is analyzed by bioinformatics approaches and structure predication. The study provides useful informa? tion for further functional study of the EgCatB protein.

Objective To identify new microsatellite loci from genome sequence database for the study of poly-morphicsm of Schistosoma japonicum. Methods Schistosoma japonicum isolates were obtained from seven endemic sites in China: Tongling and Guichi counties of Anhui Province, Duchang county of Jiangxi Province, Changde and Yueyang Cities of Hunan Province, Shashi City of Hubei Province, Xichang City of Sichuan Province. In order to study the genetic variance, genomic DNAs of 96 individual adult worms were screened against 17 new Schistosoma japonicum microsatellites and the raw data were analyzed by GenMapper 4.0. Furthermore, the varieties of alleles were inverstigated using GenAlEx 6 and genetic distances within a subpopulation (GenClone) and among populations(UPGMA, MEGA 3.1) were analyzed. Results High levels of polymorphism were found between and within population samples, and significant genetic diversity was observed among the seven subpopulations.Within Jiangxi population, most genetic distances (17 loci) among samples range from 25 to 32, indicating a significant genetic diversity. There are three clusters among the seven populations: Jiangxi, Tonglin, Shashi and Changde population, with the genetics distances ranging from 0.017 8 to 0.036 3; Guichi and Yueyang population belong to another cluster, with the genetic distance of 0.024 7; However, Xichang population is an unique group. Its genetic distances to other populations are notable with a range from 0.019 2 to 0.069 3. Conclusion The 17 new polymorphic microsatellites identified may be used as suitable markers for the study on population genetics of Schistosoma japonicum and the genetic variance of the worms seems to be complicated.

BACKGROUND: Changes in the immune function of different tissues after long-time exhaustive exercise stress and probiotics intervention are still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological changes and cell membrane protective effects of different tissues and organs in rats after exhaustive exercise and probiotics intervention. METHODS: Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly allocated into quiet control group, exercise control group, quiet administration group and exercise administration group. Rats in the exercise control and exercise administration groups underwent 6 weeks of exhaustive training, at a speed of 19.3 m/min, slope of 5o, once daily, 6 days weekly. Rats in the quiet administration and exercise administration groups were given 107CFU/mL probiotics via gavage,10.0 mL/(kg?d).The histopathological changes were observed under light microscope and Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase and T-ATPase in the liver, intestine and stomach were tested after 6 weeks of training. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After exhaustive exercise, the liver, stomach and intestinal tissue presented with structure disorders, swelling and inflammatory cell infiltration and an decrease in the activity of Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase and T-ATPase. After probiotic solution administrated, the structure of liver, stomach and intestine arranged closely and clearly, with no obvious congestion and edema. However, there were a few inflammatory cells and slight ulcers, and the activities of Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase and T-ATPase were increased. These findings show that probiotic solution can protect the liver, stomach and intestinal tissue from injury caused by long-time exhaustive exercise, and maintain the integrity and fluidity of cell membrane by increasing Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase and T-ATPase activities.

BACKGROUNDNeurofibroma is a kind of benign neoplasm that derives from nervous tissues. Though this tumor is the most common types in the peripheral nervous system, it is rarely seen in the choroid and easy to be misdiagnosed of choroidal melanoma. The aim of this study was to review the clinical features of neurofibroma of the choroid in the Chinese race.

METHODSA retrospective case series design was used. Two male and one female patients diagnosed with choroidal neurofibroma in Beijing Tongren Eye Center were included in this study. The clinical histories were abstracted from the patients' medical records. Routine eye examinations including visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit lamp and ophthalmoscope were performed. Auxiliary examinations included fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA), AB-ultrasound scan, color doppler imaging (CDI), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Local resection of the tumors was performed and the specimens underwent pathological examinations.

RESULTSThe tumors were of yellow-pink color with pigmentation on the surface. CDI showed arterial blood signals in the tumor and MRI showed high-intensity in the T1-weighted image and a slightly increased intensity in the T2-weighted image. FFA and indocyaninegreen angiography demonstrated the tumors were of hypofluorescence at early stage and hyperfluorescence with prominent leakage at late stage. The pathological examination confirmed the tumors were choroidal neurofibroma. After 5 - 10-year follow-up, there were no recurrences of the tumors and the retinas were well attached.

CONCLUSIONSChoroidal neurofibroma is difficult to be diagnosed clinically and pathological confirmation is important. These tumors can be managed conservatively by local resection.

Adult ; Choroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibroma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of the fusion of bone graft in spine of rabbits which were treated with lower intensity ultrasound.

METHODSForty 12-month-old rabbits were made to be the models of bone graft in post-lateral between two homonymy processus transverses in lumbar, and divided into treatment group (B) and control group (A) randomly. Twenty rabbits of treatment group were treated with lower intensity ultrasound, killed after six weeks, and took radiological examination, measured indexs of biomechanics.

RESULTSAfter 6 weeks of fusion of bone graft, treatment group were higher 6%-7% (P> 0.05) in strength, rigidity, torque andantitwist, maxload than that of control group.

CONCLUSIONLower intensity ultrasound can promote the speed and strength fusion of bone graft in young rabbits.

Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Transplantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Spinal Diseases ; physiopathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Spinal Fusion ; Spine ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Ultrasonic Therapy

BACKGROUND: Fatty acid translocase/CD36 (FAT/CD36) in skeletal muscle has been proved to induce skeletal muscle contraction transport to the outer membrane stimulated by movement, which increases FAT/CD36 content in cellular membrane, further leading to more fatty acids into skeletal muscle cells. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Glycyrrhiza Flavone administration before exercise on the pathological changes of quadriceps and FAT/CD36 in rats. METHODS: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into quiet, exercise and combination groups. The rats in the combination group were administrated with 10 mL/(kg?d) Glycyrrhiza Flavone, while the other two groups were given the same volume of normal saline. The rats in the exercise and combination groups were subjected to 6-week training, 19.3 m/minute at the treadmill slope of 5°. The pathological changes of quadriceps were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the expression level of FAT/CD36 was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under light microscope, swollen, ruptured and necrotic muscle fibers in the quadriceps were found in the excise group. In the combination group, muscle fibers tightly arranged in the quadriceps with complete edge, which had no significant difference compared with the quiet group. Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression level of FAT/CD36 in the exercise group was significantly higher than that in the quiet group (P < 0.05); the expression level of FAT/CD36 in the combination group was slightly higher than that in the quiet group, but significnatly lower than that in the exercise group (P < 0.05), all above findings were consistent with the western blot assay. Our results indicate that exercise can induce fatty acid transport and accumulation. Due to the synergistic action of Glycyrrhiza Flavonoids, FAT/CD36 increases the efficiency of fatty acid transport, thereby maintaining lipid metabolism balance in the skeletal muscle, which avoids lipid metabolic disorders.

OBJECTIVEVariations of the signal intensities in the magnetic resonance (MR) T(1)-weighted image (T(1)WI) of globus pallidus among manganese(Mn)-exposed workers were explored to provide a scientific basis for exposed biomarker of manganese-injured central nervous system (CNS).

METHODSThe brain MR T(1) and T(2) WI in eighteen male asymptomatic Mn-exposed, eight manganism and nine healthy control workers were examined routinely by adopting a 1.5 Tesla signal superconducting system. The SIGP and the signal intensity in frontal white matter (SIFWM) in the same side were determined, then pallidal index (PI) was calculated. Concentration of MnO(2) in workplaces and content of manganese in red blood cell (MnRBC) among workers were respectively determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrophotometry (ICP-AES). The follow-up investigation in the eight high Mn-exposed workers was made one year later.

RESULTSThe results showed that the median of air MnO(2) in smelting workplace was 0.64 mg/m(3)(0.07 - 5.40 mg/m(3)), which were respective 0.56 mg/m(3)(0.09 - 1.71 mg/m(3)) in power distribution room (low Mn-exposure) and 0.89 mg/m(3) (0.07 - 5.40 mg/m(3)) in furnace (high Mn-exposure). PI in the Mn-exposed and high Mn-exposed workers were both higher than those of the manganism and control workers(116.4 +/- 8.2, 119.0 +/- 7.9, 105.3 +/- 8.4 and 102.2 +/- 1.5, respectively. Mn vs control, t' = 7.146, P = 0.000; Mn vs manganism, t = 3.181, P = 0.004. High Mn-exposure vs control, t' = 7.446, P = 0.000; high Mn-exposure vs manganism, t = 3.763, P = 0.001). The increased signal in T(1)WI of globus pallidus was observed in Mn-exposed workers, especially in high Mn-exposed workers. The content of manganese in red blood cell of Mn-exposed and control workers was significantly higher than those of the manganism workers [(151.6 +/- 40.5) ng/ml, (149.2 +/- 21.3) ng/ml, (154.5 +/- 46.6) ng/ml, (144.4 +/- 14.2) ng/ml, (20.8 +/- 7.4) ng/ml respectively. The difference was significant in statistics. Manganism vs control, t = 20.206, P = 0.000; manganism vs Mn, t' = 13.144, P = 0.000; manganism vs low and high Mn, t' = 12.964, 9.957, respectively, P = 0.000]. Only a decreased median of air MnO(2) in furnace was found one year later (0.89, 0.31 mg/m(3), Z = -2.142, P = 0.032). The difference was significant in statistics.

CONCLUSIONOur data suggests that SIGP of MR T(1)WI among workers was obviously increased by manganese-exposure. PI may be taken as the signal of CNS injury which was induced by manganese-exposure.

Adult ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Case-Control Studies ; Globus Pallidus ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Manganese Poisoning ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure

BACKGROUNDInternal metallic stents have been widely used in clinical practice, but a high postoperative restenosis rate limits its application. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of intrabiliary radiation on muscle formation and biliary duct remodeling after biliary duct balloon injury in dogs.

METHODSTwenty male dogs (15 - 20 kg) were randomly divided into treatment group (n = 10) and control group (n = 10). Balloon overstretching injury was induced using a balloon catheter placed across the biliary duct. Subsequently, a 103Pd radioactive stent was positioned at the target site in each animal in the treatment group, providing the injured biliary duct with a radiation dose of 12.58 x 10(7) Bq. Dogs in the control group received Ni-Ti stents. All the dogs were killed one month after initial injury. The injured sections were dissected free from the dogs, and were processed for histological and morphological study. Cross-sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, and Verhoef-van Giesen. Muscle formation area and lumen area were determined using a computer-assisted image analysis system.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, 103Pd radioactive stents significantly reduced muscle formation area (78.3%, P < 0.01), and percentage area of stenosis [control stents: (60.0 +/- 21.6)%, 103Pd radioactive stents: (31.6 +/- 9.5)%]. In addition, in the treatment group, the biliary duct lumen area was significantly larger than that in the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS103Pd radioactive stents providing a radioactive dose of 12.58 x 10(7) Bq are effective in reducing muscle formation and biliary duct remodeling after balloon overstretching injury.

Animals ; Bile Ducts ; pathology ; physiology ; radiation effects ; Catheterization ; adverse effects ; Dogs ; Male ; Muscle Development ; radiation effects ; Muscle, Smooth ; radiation effects ; Palladium ; administration & dosage ; Radioisotopes ; administration & dosage ; Random Allocation ; Stents ; adverse effects