Objective To study whether the warm ischemia-reperfusion injury can be alleviated if the hepatic glycogen content were increased before liver transplantation.Methods The male SD rats as donors and recipients were divided into groups A,B and C randomly.In group A,the rats were al- lowed access to solid and water ad libitum;In group B,the rats drank glucose liquor for 4 days prior to liver harvesting;In group C,the rats were intravenously injected with 50% glucose besides the protocol in group B 3-4 h prior to liver harvesting.According to the non-heart-beating time(the non- heart-beating time were set into 60,90,120 and 150 min),the rats in groups A,B and C were divided into 4 subgroups,and the orthotopic liver transplantation was performed and the hepatic glycogen and ATP contents were measured.The one-week survival rate and the serum levels of MDA and SOD in the recipients were determined after liver transplantation.Results The hepatic glycogen and ATP con- tents in groups B and C were more than those in group A significantly(P

Objective To identify and investigate B(A)02 allele in a patient. Methods Serological tests were performed with standard serological methods in a patient with B(A)02 allele. DNA sequences of all seven exons and exon-intron boundaries of ABO gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), direct DNA sequencing and sequencing after gene cloning. In order to analyze the allele, PyMOL software was used to establish 3D model of Glycosyltransferases B (GTB). Results The serological results showed the characteristics of B(A) phenotype. DNA analysis revealed that ABO gene of the individual was heterozygous of B(A)02/O01 allele. 700C>G mutation was identified in B101 allele, which resulted in the amino acid substitution P234A in GTB. Through the analysis of the 3D structure of GTB, it was speculated that the P234A replacement affected the intermolecular forces of the 234 amino acid and Met-266, thus changed the conformation of the donor-binding pocket of GTB,that made GTB capable of recognizing and tranferring the GalNac to the H antigen, which can lead to the formation of the weak A antigen on membrane of red blood cells. Conclusion The P234A replacement can affect the spatial conformation of the specific recognition region conformed by Met-266 and Ala-268 residues, which leads to the antigenicity change of the ABO blood group.

Objective:To evaluate the role of spinal cord in anesthesia of isoflurane. Method:The animal models of head bypass were established,which were used to preferentially anesthetized spinal cord, after 9 goats were anesthetized with isoflurane.MAC was determined using tail clamp at prebypass,druing bypass and postbypass. Electroen-cephalogram(EEG),brain stem auditory evoked Potential (BAEP) and visal evoked potential(VEP)were monitored constantly. Result:MAC of isoflurane,the relative power(RP)of ? wave and the latencies of BAEP and VEP were decreased when spinal cord was preferentinally anesthetized (P

Objective To observe the effects of fetal bovine serum(FBS) on differentiation of human neural stem cells (NSCs). Methods The effects of FBS with different concentrations on differentiation of human fetal NSCs were observed by cell culture, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. Results Human fetal NSCs could be induced to differentiate mainly three types of nerve system cells(neuron, astrocyte and oligodentrocyte). There were 80%～90% astrocytes of differentiated cells from human fetal NSCs with the concentration of 15% FBS induced. Conclusion Concentration dependent FBS in culture medium may have effect on the ratio of neurons to glial cells differentiated from human NSCs in vitro .

OBJECTIVETo analyze the effects of acupuncture on the level of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in adrenal gland and the content of corticosterone (CORT) in plasma in rats withchronic emotional stress anxiety, and to explore the partial action mechanism of acupuncture on anxiety disorder.

METHODSThirty-two healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, after 7 days of feeding and domestication, were randomly divided into a blank group (10 rats), a model group (11 rats) and an acupuncture group (11 rats). The rats inthe model group and acupuncture group were treated with unpredictable chronic emotional stress (CES) method toestablish the model of anxiety. Rats in the acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at "Neiguan" (PC 6)and "Shenmen" (HT 7), once every other day, 30 minutes each time. The model establishment and treatment lasted 15 days. Rats in the blank group were treated with identical immobilization but no treatment was given. Theelevated plus maze was used to test the behavioral changes of rats with anxiety; the level of CORT in plasma wasdetected by ELISA, and the expression level of CNP and ANP in adrenal cortex and medulla was detected by immunohistochemical method.

RESULTS(1) The percentage of open-arms time in total time (OT%) in elevated plus maze in the model group was significantly lower than that in the blank group (P<0. 05); the OT% in the acupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P<0.01). (2) The content of CORT in plasma in the model group was higher than that in the blank group (P<0. 05), while that in the acupuncture group was significantly lower than that in the model group (P<0. 05). (3) The expression of ANP in adrenal medulla and cortex in the model group was lower than that in the blank group (P<0. 01), while the expression of CNP in adrenal medulla and cortex in the model group was higher than that in the blank group (P<0. 01).

CONCLUSIONThe effects of acupuncture against anxiety are likely to be related to the regulation on the expression of ANP and CNP in adrenal medulla, affecting the release of CORT and inhibition on the activity !f hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis).

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adrenal Glands ; metabolism ; Animals ; Anxiety ; blood ; psychology ; therapy ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; blood ; metabolism ; Behavior, Animal ; Corticosterone ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type ; blood ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stress, Psychological

ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of computer-aided detection (CAD) system for detection of pulmonary nodules in 64-slice low-dose CT screening and to investigate whether CAD can improve the performance of radiologists in detecting pulmonary nodules.MethodsOne hundred low-dose screening CT examinations were randomly selected from the database containing 578 consecutive cases between Jun 2007 and Jun 2008.All the examinations were performed on a 64-MSCT scanner with the exposure of 120 kVp,30 or 40 mA,or automatic exposure control.Before the study started,the screening reports had been made with double reading by two radiologists.All the selected images were analyzed with the lung VCAR software from GE Healthcare with a nodule diameter threshold 3.0 mm.All discrepancies between the screening reports and the CAD results were reviewed and the true non-calcified nodules were determined in consensus by two experienced chest radiologists.Detected nodules were classified by density,size and location.The performance of the double reading and the CAD system were compared and analyzed statistically.McNemar-Bowker test was used for the statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 257 true noncalcified nodules were determined in all 100 low-dose screening CT examinations.The detection rate of CAD system was 91.1％ (234/257),with the missed rate of 8.9％ (23/257).Twenty three nodules were missed by CAD,in which 10 were solid with the diameter ranged from 2.4 to 6.0 mm,and 13 were nonsolid with the diameter ranged from 2.1 to 8.6 mm.Of the 23 nodules,17 were located in the outer zones of lungs and 6 in the inner zones.The double reading showed a detection rate of 59.1％ ( 152/257 )and a missed rate of 40.9％ ( 105/257),which was significantly lower than CAD.The diameter of all the 105 missed nodules by radiologists were ranged from 2.4 to 11.8 mm,in which 94 nodules were solid,10 were partly solid and 1 was nonsolid,with 69 located in outer zones of lungs and 36 in the inner zones. Conclusions The capability of the CAD system for detecting non-calcified pulmonary nodules is superior to double reading in low-dose screening CT examination,especially for the nodules located in the inner zone of the lung.When lung VCAR is used,nonsolid pulmonary nodules are more easily missed so that it should be paid more attentions by radiologists.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in monkeys of resuscitation after selective cerebral ultraprofound hypothermia and blood flow occlusion.

METHODSThe monkeys were immediately removed brain after death in operation of group A (identical temperature perfusion group) and group B (ultraprofound hypothermia perfusion group). Immunohistochemical technique was used to determine frontal cellular expression of NGF and GDNF. Statistics were analyzed by ANOVA analyses with significance level at P < 0.05.

RESULTSThe expressions of NGF and GDNF in the group B were significantly higher than those in the group A (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNGF and GDNF increased significantly in the monkeys of resuscitation after selective cerebral ultraprofound hypothermia and blood flow occlusion. It may be a protective mechanism for neuron survival and neural function recovery.

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Cell Survival ; physiology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; physiology ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Cytoprotection ; physiology ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; metabolism ; Hypothermia, Induced ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Macaca mulatta ; Nerve Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Recovery of Function ; physiology ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Resuscitation ; Up-Regulation ; physiology

Objective:To study the value of metastatic positivety in lymph nodes group 8a in deciding on extended lymph node dissection in pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD) for pancreatic head cancer.Methods:A retrospective study on 165 patients with pancreatic head cancer treated with PD at the Department of Pancreas and Spleen Surgery, Hepatobiliary Hospital of Hunan Provincial People's Hospital between January 2014 to June 2019 was performed. There were 101 males and 64 females with ages ranging from 38 to 75 (median 57) years. Patients who underwent standard lymph node dissection were included in the standard group ( n=88), and extended lymph node dissection in the extended group ( n=77). These patients were further divided into 4 subgroup. Subgroup A (standard PD in patients with negative nodes in group 8a, n=61), Subgroup B (extended PD in patients with negative nodes in group 8a, n=47), Subgroup C (standard PD in patients with positive nodes in group 8a, n=27), and Subgroup D (extended PD in patients with positive nodes in group 8a, n=30). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative survival rates, complications were compared among the groups and subgroups. Results:The operation time and intraoperative blood loss of the standard group were (456.8±30.4) min and (264.28±101.14) ml, respectively, which were significantly lower than the extended group of (507.1±45.7) min and (388.9±155.3) ml (all P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the extended group (31.2%, 24/77) was significantly higher than that in the standard group (14.8%, 13/88) ( P<0.05). When compared with subgroup B, the cumulative survival rate of patients in subgroup A was not significantly different ( P>0.05). However, the cumulative survival rate of patients in subgroup C was significantly lower than that in subgroup D ( P<0.05). The cumulative survival rate of subgroup A was also significantly better than that of subgroup C ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the cumulative survival rates between group B and group D ( P>0.05). Conclusions:PD with extended lymph node dissection improved the survival rates in patients with cancer of the head of the pancreas with positive lymph nodes in group 8a. For these patients, extended lymph node dissection is recommended. With negative lymph nodes in group 8a, standard lymph node dissection is recommended.

Objective To determine the molecular pathway of reconstituted basement membrane extract(BME)embedment in the context of promoting islet cell survival.Methods Mouse islet cells were isolated and embedded in BME for in vitro culture.Caspase-3,integrin-α1 and 5,PDX-1,Akt,FAK and phospho Erk were detected using Western blot.Results Islet cells embedded with BME were partially protected from apoptosis indicated by a lower caspase-3 level and an increased phosphoAkt activity compared with untreated control.In addition,an increase of α3-integrin,FAK protein level and FAK activity were observed as well.Furthermore,the expression of PDX-1 and phosphoErk at the 48 h mark were preserved,suggesting the positive effect of BME to islet activity.Conclusion These results indicate that the embedment of BME construction can up-regulate α3 integrin and its signal transduction,which may improve viability and function of islet cells.

Objective:To understand the effect of a new tracheal tube fixation device in the "double fixation" of oral tracheal intubation for critically ill patients in adult emergency department.Methods:A retrospective analysis of patients with oral tracheal intubation admitted to our EICU from January 2016 to June 2017 was performed using traditional tape and inch band fixation as a control group; the experience of treatment from July 2017 to December 2018 for patients with oral tracheal intubation, the new double-fixation method of tracheal tube fixation device was used as the observation group. The degree of displacement, oral cleanliness, facial skin allergies and injuries, and comfort of the two groups of patients was compared.Results:The rate of tracheal displacement in the experimental group was mildly 11.2% (11/98), moderately 5.1% (5/98), and the control group was mildly 24.2% (15/62), moderately 14.5% (9/62) and severe 6.5% (4/62). The incidence of facial skin allergy and skin damage was 6.1% (6/98), 0, and the control group was 24.2% (15/62), 11.3% (7/62), the difference was statistically significant ( Z value was -4.021, χ2 value was 24.48, P<0.05). The comfort score of the test group was (1.05±1.01) points, which was significantly higher than (2.10±1.71) points of the control group ( t value was 4.920, P<0.01). Conclusions:The new type of tracheal tube fixation device "dual fixation" for critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation through oral endotracheal intubation is visually beautiful, and has good firmness and comfort. It can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse events and has good application value.