Objective：This study was designed to investigate BCRP gene expression in normal lung and in non-small cell lung cancer tissue. Methods：RNA was extracted immediately from the fresh normal lung tissue and viable tumor tissue harvested from surgically resected specimens of non-small cell lung cancer patients. cDNA of BCRP gene was prepared by RT-PCR and then amplified by PCR. The cDNA products from those specimens were transferred to blotting membrane through electrophoresis and transferring technique. Southern blot hybridization was eventually performed to detect the expression of BCRP gene. Results：RNAs were extracted from 8 tumor tissues and 12 pairs of tumor tissue and normal lung tissue were harvested from the same lung. Four patients’RNA samples with poor quality due to degrading were discarded. cDNA products of BCRP gene were obtained by RT-PCR and amplified by PCR in the remain 16 patients’RNA samples. Through Southern blot hybridization, BCRP gene was found to have slight expression in various amounts in all normal lung tissue(10/10) and only in half of tumor tissue samples (8/16). Conclusion：BCRP gene is slightly expressed in a variable amount in all normal lung tissue and only in half of tumor tissue for this group of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Therefore chemotherapy with anthracycline may possibly induce the overexpression of BCRP gene and at last to develop multidrug resistance.

Early diagnosis and treatment of adenovirus pneumonia is critical to reduce the mortality and pulmonary sequelae.This review summarizes the research progress of risk factors affecting the severity and poor prognosis of adenovirus pneumonia in children.Adenovirus type 7 and high adenovirus DNA load suggest acute severe disease and sequelae.On imaging, children with pleural effusion and small airway lesions need to be vigilant.Abnormal cytokines are observed in laboratory indicators, and changes in biochemical indicators caused by damage of various organs in and outside the lung suggest the occurrence of severe adenovirus pneumonia.Children with young age, premature birth, underlying diseases, long fever, wheezing, low hemoglobin and albumin, mixed infection, and extrapulmonary complications are more likely to progress to severe adenovirus pneumonia.Children younger than 2 years old, with a family history of asthma, history of wheezing, long fever, dyspnea or even respiratory failure, hospitalized in ICU, ventilator-assisted ventilation, and systemic use of hormones should be more vigilant against pulmonary sequelae.

As an effective treatment method of tumors and other diseases,radiotherapy has been widely applied to clinical practices.After radiotherapy,about 95％ of patients suffer from skin injuries to different extents,including acute and/or chronic radiodermatitis,or radiotherapy-related skin diseases,including cutaneous fibrosis,morphea,sclerosing panniculitis,bullous skin diseases,eosinophilic polymorphic and pruritic eruption,lichen sclerosus et atrophicus,angiosarcoma,atypical vascular lesions and radiation recall dermatitis.These skin injuries greatly affect the quality of life and treatment compliance of patients.This review briefly summarizes common and rare skin diseases induced by radiotherapy,so as to improve the understanding of radiotherapy-related skin diseases in clinicians.

On November 30th,2017,a 62-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital because of multiple depigmented patches all over the body for 16 years,as well as erythema and blisters on the scalp,trunk and upper extremities for more than 8 years,which had been aggravated for 1 year.The patient underwent surgical resection of thymoma in 1996,and developed myasthenia gravis in 2004.Skin examination showed scattered erythemas of various sizes on the scalp,face,chest and upper extremities,with crusts on the surface of some erythemas and positive Nikolsky's sign.Hypopigmented macules mingled with depigmentated macules of various sizes were scattered all over the body.A large area of depigmentation was observed on both hands,and the nail plates were atrophic.Hairs,eyebrows,eyelashes,axillary and pubic hairs were abscent.Laboratory examination showed the presence of homogeneous IgG antinuclear antibody with a titer of 1:640,anti-double stranded DNA antibody (276 IU/ml),lupus anticoagulant (1.62),anti-Dsg1 antibody (＞ 150 U/ml) and anti-Dsg3 antibody (91 U/ml).Histopathological examination of dorsal blister tissues and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed fissured blisters and acantholytic cells in the epidermis,monolayer basal cells on the basilar membrane,and perivascular infiltration of a few lymphocytes in the superficial dermis.The patient successively developed thymoma,vitiligo,myasthenia gravis,systemic lupus erythematosus,pemphigus vulgaris and alopecia universalis,so a diagnosis of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type Ⅳ was made.Since autoimmune-mediated endocrinopathies are prone to occur successively,changes of related hormones and antibodies in the patient should be monitored for early diagnosis and treatment of newly emerging autoimmune diseases.

Autoinflammatory diseases are a group of inherited disorders characterized by dysregulation of the immune system,periodic fever and reccurrence of inflammation.The common rashes of autoinflammatory diseases include acne,pyoderma gangrenosum,erysipelas,urticaria,ichthyosis,pustulosis,while vasculitis is rare.This review summarizes autoinflammatory diseases accompanied by vasculitis.Familial Mediterranean fever mainly manifests as small-and medium-vessel vasculitis such as Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura and polyarteritis nodosa,while large-vessel vasculitis is common in Blau syndrome.Small-and medium-artery vasculitis can occur in patients with deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 as well,so it should be differentiated from polyarteritis nodosa in clinical practice.Stimulator of interferon gene-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy mainly presents as cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis and vasculopathy.

Inflammasomes are a kind of intracellular multiprotein complex that comprises a part of the innate immune response. Inflammasome function abnormalities can lead to immune imbalance and have been linked to an increasing number of diseases. Researches have shown that inflammasomes are associated with some skin tumors including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi′s sarcoma and malignant melanoma, implicating that persistent inflammatory response and immune imbalance caused by abnormal activation of inflammasomes play a crucial role in tumor occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis. This review summarizes research advances in the role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of skin tumors.

Objective:This study aimed to develop a promising transistor assay for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) antigen detection with easiness, high sensitivity and rapid response.Methods:A graphene field effect transistor (GFET) sensor with the channel material modified with antibody probes was fabricated. Transfer curves were measured at different 2019-nCoV spike protein concentrations to evaluate the validity and sensitivity of the method.Results:The antibody probes were successfully anchored on the graphene through linker molecules to ensure specificity and precision of this technique. Electrical measurements of the device showed a detectable concentration down to 3.6×10 -17 g/ml within a response time as short as 3 minutes. Conclusions:A sensitive, efficient and simple method for 2019-nCoV antigen detection through GFET was preliminarily established.