With inlet temperature, specific gravity, feeding speed as independent variables, the comprehensive evaluating indexes of content of schisandrin and arctiin as dependent variable, the experimental data were fitted to a second order polynomial equation. Based on establishing the mathematical relationship between the comprehensive evaluating indexes and respective variables, Box-Benhnken central composite test and response surface analysis method was employed to optimize the spray drying technology of Biqiu granules ethanol extract. The optimal drying parameter was as follows: the inlet temperature was 175 degrees C, the specific gravity was 1.10, feeding speed was 32 r x min(-1). Under these conditions, the comprehensive evaluating indexes of spraying dry processes was 92.68, which was close to the model prediction. The spraying dry technology of Biqiu granules ethanol extract optimized by response surface methodology was accurate and feasible, which provided theoretical experiment basis for the industrialization production.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ethanol

First with the qualified rate of granules as the evaluation index, significant influencing factors were firstly screened by Plackett-Burman design. Then, with the qualified rate and moisture content as the evaluation indexes, significant factors that affect one-step pelletization technology were further optimized by Box-Behnken design; experimental data were imitated by multiple regression and second-order polynomial equation; and response surface method was used for predictive analysis of optimal technology. The best conditions were as follows: inlet air temperature of 85 degrees C, sample introduction speed of 33 r x min(-1), density of concrete 1. 10. One-step pelletization technology of Biqiu granules by Plackett-Burman design and Box-Behnken response surface methodology was stable and feasible with good predictability, which provided reliable basis for the industrialized production of Biqiu granules.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects and regulatory mechanism of ILK on angiogenesis in hypertrophic scar.

METHODSThe human scar microvascular endothelial cells (HSMECs) were isolated from 6 patients' hypertrophic scar in vitro. The HSMECs with good condition in 2nd to 4th generation were selected as experimental objectives. (1) HSMECs were divided into the blank control group (treated with routine culture), negative control group (treated with only Lipofectamine 2000), LY294002 group (incubated with 50 nmol/L LY294002), ILK siRNA group (incubated with 20 nmol/L ILK siRNA). RT-PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the expression of ILK mRNA and its protein after transfecion for 48 h. (2) The digested HSMECs of four groups were resuspended with DMEM without serum and then seeded onto the upper compartment of transwell insert which contained complete medium in its lower compartment. The cell migration experiment was stopped in 10 h and then the migrated cells were counted to analyze the effects of different interventions on the migration ability of HSMECs. (3) The thawed ECMatrix was put into each well of pre-colled 48-well tissue culture plate, and then the plate was put into the incubator at 37 degrees C to make it to become gel. The HSMECs of four groups were seeded onto the surface of the ECMatrix gel and were put into incubator. Eight random view-fields per well should be valued by the sheet of pattern recognition about angiogenesis after 8 hours to evaluate the ability of angiogenesis in vitro between four groups.

RESULTS(1) The expression of ILK mRNA (ILK mRNA = 0.829 +/- 0.109, t = 13.151, P = 0.006) and protein (ILK protein = 0.096 +/- 0.049, t = 36.656, P = 0.000) were both inhibited obviously in ILK siRNA group compared with the blank control group (ILK mRNA = 0.829 +/- 0.109, ILK protein = 1). And, the expression of ILK in LY294002 group was slightly lower than that of black control group, but there was no statistical difference. (2) The number of migrated cells in ILK siRNA group (88.111 +/- 3.079) and LY294002 group (138. 667 +/- 2.404) were respectively lower than that in blank control group (322.333 +/- 3.712, P < 0. 05) in 10th hour. (3) Compared to blank control group (4.333 +/- 0.191), the ability of angiogenesis in vitro decreased significantly ILK siRNA group (2.625 +/- 0.125) and LY294002 group (3.125 +/- 0.250), in which, the vascular network structures were not formed perfectly in 8th hour (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe ability of HSMECs' migration and angiogenesis in vitro are inhibited significantly when the expression of ILK is down-regulated. It reveals that ILK may play an role in the regulation of scar angiogenesis.

Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Chromones ; pharmacology ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; enzymology ; pathology ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lipids ; pharmacology ; Morpholines ; pharmacology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; etiology ; pathology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; physiology ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; RNA, Small Interfering ; metabolism

Objective To investigate cerebral MRI characteristics of patients with eclampsia. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 15 cases of eclampsia and items reviewed cover all data concerning clinical features,cerebral MRI findings and results of follow-up survey.Results All of these patients had clinical symptoms of.blurred vision,headache,seizure,hypertension,proteinuria and edema of lower extremity.As for the characteristics of imaging,13 cases had only abnormal symmetric signals in parieto-occipital lobes,frontal lobe and basal ganglia were involved in 2 cases,and temporal lobe was involved in 1 case.The signals of lesions in DWI were isointense or hypointense,however they were hyperintense in ADC map.Two cases had hyperintense signals in DWI.All the patients recovered well,and all brain lesions disappeared during follow up.Conclusion The most important imaging of eclampsia is vasogenic edema with a good prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether the unevenness of articular surface would affect the osteochondral repair.

METHODSEight Shanghai Chongming 6-months-old masculine goats with a mean weight of 25 kg were used in this study. Different unevenness, which were 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm protrude or concavity, were created on the weight-bearing portion of the medial femoral condyles of the goats. The goats were sacrificed 12 weeks later and were observed with the general observation, HE staining and transmission electron microscope. To evaluate the microscopic morphology, a histological grading scale described by O'Driscoll, Keeley and Salter was used.

RESULTSThe general observation and HE staining showed that the unevenness of 0.5 mm or 1.0 mm protrudes or concavity could be repaired to get the surface smooth on the whole. The transmission electron microscope showed that the reparative tissues were the same as the normal cartilage. The 2.0 mm depth couldn't be repaired satisfactorily. The transmission electron microscope showed that the fiber bundle proliferated and the chondrocytes degenerated. The scores of the 2.0 mm depth were significantly lower than that of the 0.5 mm or 1.0 mm (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe unevenness could have an influence on the repair. The limited unevenness could be repaired by itself.

Animals ; Cartilage, Articular ; pathology ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Sheep ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVETo investigate the optimum proportion of Mosaicplasty and genes-enhanced tissue engineering for the repair of acute osteochondral defects.

METHODSWestern blot test was conducted to detect the expression of hTGF-beta1, Col II and Aggrecan in 3 groups, including hTGF-beta1, transduction group, Adv-betagal transduction group and control group without transduction. Eighteen 6-month-old Shanghai male goats (weight: 22 to 25 kg) were used. BMSCs were isolated from the autologous bone marrow, and were subcultured to get the cells at passage 3. Thirty-six medial femoral condyles were used and divided into 6 groups named AR, AL, BR, BL, CR, and CL. Acute cylindrical defects (9 mm in diameter and 3 mm in depth)were created in the weight bearing area of the medial femoral condyle of hind limbs. In the single group, the autologous osteochondral mosaicplasty was performed to repair the defect; in the combination group, besides the mosaicplasty, the dead space between the cylindrical grafts and the host cartilage were injected with the suspension of hTGF-beta1, gene enhanced autogenous BMSCs in sodium alginate, and CaCl2 was dropped into it to form calcium alginate gels. The autologous osteochondral transplantation cover rates of group AR was 44.44% single group, AL was 44.44% combination group, BR was 33.33% single group, BL was 33.33% combination group, CR was 22.22% single group, and CL was 22.22% combination group. The goats were killed 24 weeks after operation to receive gross and histology observation, which was evaluated by the histological grading scale of O'Driscoll, Keeley and Salter. Immunohistochemistry and TEM observation were also performed.

RESULTSWestern blot test showed the expression of the hTGF-beta1, Col II and the Aggrecan in the hTGF-beta1 transduction group were significantly higher than that of the Adv-betaga1 transduction and the blank control groups. The gross and histology observation revealed that each defects of six groups had different degrees of repairing. There was no significantly difference among the BL, AR, and AL groups. But the scores of the other three groups (BR, CR, and CL) were significantly poorer than the former three groups.

CONCLUSIONMosaicplasty associated with genes enhanced tissue engineering could repair the osteochondral defects effectively. With the autologous osteochondral transplantation coverage reducing, the advantage of the combination could have a better representation.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Bone Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Cell Line ; Goats ; Humans ; Immunoprecipitation ; Male ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

Objective To investigate the value and dynamic characteristics of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)in rabbit liver VX_2 tumor model,with correlation of pathology.Methods Forty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study and VX_2 tumor piece was implanted directly into the liver after laporotomy.Fiffteen had two intrahepatic implants while twenty-five had one implant.DWI was performed on the seventh,fourteenth and twenty-first day after implantation,while routine T_1WI and T_2WI sequences were done on the seventh and fourteenth day.Ten VX_2 tumor samples were studied by pathology.Results The lump detection rates on the seventh day after implantation of DWI,T_1WI and T_2WI were 78.7%(37/47), 10.7%(3/28)and 53.6%(15/28)respectively with statistical significance(x~2=32.61,P

0.05).Conclusions The potential of VX_2 tumor infiltration and metastasis will decrease after chemoembolization in the long-run,while the proliferation ability will increase within a short period of time. The ADC may reflect the proliferation of VX_2 tumor cells.

Objective To establish the risk index of early-warning on the human infections with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. Methods The risk index (X) was calculated by using Principal Component Analysis based on the surveillance results (including the positive rates of environmental specimens and premises) during the period from April 2013 to March 2017 in Zhejiang Province. Then, the method of Classification and Regression Trees was used to establish the early-warning model for forewarning the epidemic situation of H7N9 human infections. Results The weights of two rates (the positive rates of specimens and premises) used to establish the risk index were 0.0545 and 0.0230 respectively. In the model of Classification and Regression Trees, risk index was divided into 4 grades: X ≤0.140, 0.1403.285. Compared to the 1st grade, the risk ratios of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades were 7.4, 21.7 and 29.9 respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of prediction were 86.1％ , 80.8％ and 87.3％ respectively, and the Kappa value was 0.592 . Conclusion The established risk index can be used to forewarn the H7N9 human infections, which is helpful for emergency preparedness and disease control.

With the diversion rate of ginkgolide A, B, K as comprehensive evaluation indexes, the amount of activated carbon, ad- sorption time, mix rate, and adsorption temperature were selected as factors, orthogonal design which based on the evaluation method of information entropy was used to optimize activated carbon adsorption technology of ginkgo diterpene lactones meglumine injection. Opti- mized adsorption conditions were as follows: adsorbed 30 min with 0.2% activated carbon in 25 °C, 40 r ·min⁻¹, validation test re- sult display. The optimum extraction condition was stable and feasible, it will provide a basis for ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine injection' activated carbon adsorption process.
Adsorption ; Charcoal ; chemistry ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; methods ; Diterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Lactones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification