Objective To investigate the significance of preserving the intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) during axillary node clearance for breast cancer and share, some technical experiences of this procedure. Methods ICBN was preserved integally or partially in 78 patients of breast cancer (ICBN preserved group) and resected integrally (ICBN resected group) in 18 patients. Sensory disorders and motorial recoveries as well as tumor recurrence were compared between the two groups one week and one year after operation. Results Morbidity of sensory disorders in ICBN preserved group was less than that in ICBN resected group. Motorial recoveries were better in ICBN preserved patients without decreasing the number of axillary nodes resected and without increasing the recurrence of tumor. Conclusion ICBN should be preserved as far as possible during axillary node clearance for breast cancer.

Animals ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Cadmium Poisoning ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; urine ; Disease Models, Animal ; Kidney ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To compare the clinical analysis of alone or combined with antibiotics on community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in pediatric patients,and provide reference for clinical rational use of antibiotics.Methods The clinical data of 274 cases of CAP children treated by single antibiotic therapy and 271 cases of CAP children treated by bivalent antibiotic therapy were retrospectively analyzed,and the drug efficacy and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results There were no statistical differences on the sex,age distribution and severity between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05) ; The sputum submission rate in two groups were over 90％,and there were no significant differences on the positive rate and detection rate of multi-resistant bacteria (P ＞ 0.05) ; Treatment efficiency in the two groups of children were 97.45％ (267/274) and 98.15％ (266/271),the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0.32,P ＞0.05) ; Average hospital inpatient days were (8.76 ± 1.75) d and (8.66 ± 1.62) d in the two groups,the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0.71,P ＞ 0.05).Adverse reactions in the two groups of children mainly were drug fever,rash,nausea,bloating,hemolytic anemia.Cases of drug fever (50) and hemolytic anemia(32) in single antimicrobial group were significantly less than those in the combined with antibiotic group (51,72,x2 =4.804 and x2 =5.381,all P ＜0.05).Conclusion The effects of alone or combined with antibiotics on community acquired pneumonia in pediatric patients are same,so alone antibiotics is recommended for treating mild CAP to get better efficacy.

Objective To explore the imaging characteristics of neurologic complications associated with the enterovirus 71 ( EV71 ) epidemic by analyzing 25 cases and reviewing the literature. Methods Twenty-five cases of hand-foot-mouth disease with neurologic complications during the recent EV71 outbreaks of Hainan province were studied for the clinical features and imaging findings, and literature were reviewed.Results In 5 cases, acute flaccid paralysis associated with EV71-infected hand-foot-mouth disease was related to the linear high signal in the spinal cord on sagittal images. Two cases showed symmetrical, welldefined hyperintense lesions in the spinal cord on T2WI transverse. Strong enhancement of the ventral horns and root was seen on the contrast-enhanced axial T1WI. In brainstem encephalitis, all lesions presented with significant hyperintensity on T2WI and hypointense on T1WI in the posterior portions of the medulla oblongata, midbrain, and pons. The manifestations of aseptic meningitis (AM) on MRI have no characteristics, but subdural effusion, meningeal enhancement and hydrocephalus can be the indirect signs of AM. Conclusions MRI is an effective method to investigate neurologic complications associated with the EV71 epidemic. Posterior portions of the medulla oblongata and pons, bilateral ventral horns of spinal involvement are characteristic findings of enteroviral encephalomyelitis.

Objective To study the changes of apoptosis and cell cycle progression of Hela cells after the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP) was inhibited by its inhibitor 3-aminobenzamid(3-AB) and the mechanisms of PARP interaction with Hela cells damaged by irradiation.Methods Hela cell line was used.Flow cytometry(FCM) was used to examine the PARP expression of control and 3-AB groups at 0,2,4,8,12 h after administration with 5 mmol?L-1 3-AB.The percentage of apoptotic cells and cell cycle progression of control,irradiation,3-AB plus irradiation groups were measured with FCM at 2,8,12,24 h after exposure to 2 Gy irradiation following administration with 5 mmol?L-1 3-AB.Results The percentage of Hela cells with positive expression of PARP protein decreased after administration with 3-AB and there was significant difference between 3-AB plus irradiation group and control group(P

[Objective] To explore whether necroptosis is involved in the mechanism of lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion.[Method] Thirty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n--8):sham operation group (sham group),isehemia/ reperfusion group (I/R group),necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1 group (Nec-1 group) and solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (DMSO group).Model of intestinal I/R injury was produced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 1.5 h followed by 6 h reperfusion in rats.Necrostatin-1 1.0 mg/kg was administered 30 min before occlusion in Nec1 group,while the equal volume of DMSO was given instead in DMSO group.The rats were sacrificed at 6 h of reperfusion and the lung tissues were removed for measurement of wet-dry ratio and microscopic examination and scored.The expression of receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) and receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3) in lung tissues was detected using Western-blot and immunohistochemistry.[Result] Compared with sham group,lung morphology score and wet/dry ratio in I/R,DMSO group raised (P ＜ 0.05).Lung morphology score and wet/dry ratio statistically declined in Nec-1 group compared with I/R and DMSO group (P ＜ 0.05),while there was no statistical difference of wet/dry ratio between sham group and Nec-1 group (P ＞ 0.05).As the result of westernblot and immunohistochemistry showed,the expression of RIP1 and RIP3 was up-regulated in I/R group and DMSO group (P ＜0.05),which was inhibited by Nec-1 in Nec-1 group (P ＜ 0.05).[Conclusion] Necroptosis is involved in the mechanism of lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion,and Nec-1,the special inhibitor of RIP1,can reduce the injury.

Animals ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Male ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Physical Endurance ; physiology ; Quadriceps Muscle ; metabolism ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

RhoA, a small GTPase, is involved in a wide array of cellular functions in the central nervous system, such as cell motility, cytoskeleton rearrangement, transcriptional regulation, phagocytosis and cell growth. It is not known how spinal cord injury (SCI) affects the expression of RhoA in different nerve cells. In the present study, we investigated the changes of RhoA expression in remote areas of the injury at the 3rd, 7th and 30th day after SCI, which was established by T10 contusion method. Moreover, we examine its expression profile in neurons, astrocytes and microglia. RhoA was found to be weakly expressed in these nerve cells in normal spinal cord. Western blotting showed that, after SCI, the total RhoA expression was up-regulated, and the RhoA expression was increased and peaked at the 7th day. Double immunostaining revealed specific and temporal expression patterns of RhoA in different nerve cells. The expression of RhoA in neurons started to increase at day 3, peaked at day 7 and then decreased slightly at day 30. Expression of RhoA in astrocytes increased moderately after SCI and peaked at day 7. There was no obvious change in RhoA expression in microglia after SCI in remote areas. This study demonstrated that, after SCI, RhoA expression exhibited different patterns with different nerve cells of spinal cord. RhoA expression patterns also changed with time after SCI, and among different nerve cells in the injured spinal cord. These findings can help us better understand the roles of RhoA in SCI.

Objective To investigate the values of three-dimensional visualization technology in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of hepatic hemangioma. Methods Thirty two patients with hepatic hemangioma who had been hospitalized during the period from July 2010 to January 2014 in our hospital were scanned by 64-slice spiral computerized tomography (CT) before surgical treatment. Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction based on the CT data was carried out to achieve dignosis and surgical planning. Assisted with the 3D model , we chose the best surgical procedure for liver resection, protecting the major blood vessels near hemangioma and retaining normal liver tissue as far as possible. Results The location, size and shape of hepatic hemangioma, vascular variation, and spatial relationship with intrahepatic vessel were shown factually by three-dimensional reconstruction. All the hemangiomas were preoperatively assessed to be resectable. The compliance rate for preoperative surgical planning to actual surgery was 100%. Under assistance of the 3D model during surgery , 14 patients received laparoscopic hepatectomy and 18 underwent hepatectomy. Pringle′s maneuver was applied in 18 patients , with blocking time of (15.32 ± 7.12) min and blood loss of (188.63 ± 66.37) mL. The postoperative complications included pleural effusion in 5 patients and incision infection in one patients. Conclusions Three-dimensional visualization technology for the individualized diagnosis and treatment of hepatic hemangioma helps reduce surgical trauma and incidence of postoperative complications.

Objective:To explore the mechanisms of the inhalation of atomized 1.0% anti-IL-1βand TNF-αimmunoglobulin yolk ( IgY) on treating guinea pigs with allergic asthma induced by the inhalation of aerosolized ovalbumin ( OVA).Methods:Healthy guinea pigs were randomly divided into the normal controls ( group C ) , the allergic asthma model group ( group M )-treated by the inhalation of atomized ovalbumin ( OVA ) , the inhalation of atomized 1.0% anti-IL-1βand TNF-αimmunoglobulin yolk ( IgY ) treatment group (group Z1)-treated asthma model guinea pigs by the inhalation of atomized 1.0% anti-IL-1βand TNF-αIgY,and positive control the inhalation of atomized budesonide treatment group (group Z2)-treated asthma model guinea pigs by the inhalation of atomized budesonide.The blood was gotten by cardiac puncture and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF ) was collected by bron-choalveolar lavage at 2 h,4 h,8 h and 24 h after the last time atomization.The inflammatory cells in the peripheral blood ( PB) were counted by methylene blue and eosin staining.Cytokine concentrations of IL-1β,IL-4,IL-6,IL-8,IL-13,IL-16,TNF-α,TGF-β1 and IgE in the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:In PB,eosinophils was decreased from 2 h to 8 h in group Z1 compared to group M.In plasma,the levels of IL-1βat 4 h and 24 h,IL-16 at 2 h,4 h and 24 h,TGF-β1 from 4 h to 24 h and IgE at 24 h,as well as the levels of IL-1βand TNF-αfrom 2 h to 8 h,IL-4,IL-6,IL-8 and IL-13 from 4 h to 24 h,IL-16 at 8 h,and TGF-β1 and IgE from 4 h to 8 h,especially the level of IL-1βand TNF-αstarting at 2 h,in BALF were significantly reduced in group Z 1 compared to group M ( P<0.05 ).The levels of IL-1βand TNF-αwere positively cor-related with that of IL-4,IL-6,IL-8,IL-13,IL-16,TGF-β1 and IgE (P<0.05).Conclusion: The inhalation of aerosolized anti-IL-1βand TNF-αIgY effectively alleviates inflammatory responses in guinea pigs with allergic asthma induced by aerosolized OVA inhalation may be due to the significant decrease in the levels of various allergic inflammatory cytokines .