Moyamoya disease is an uncommon chronic progressive occlusive cerebrovascular disease.It is mainly involved in the terminal internal carotid artery and the proximal portions of the anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries.Normally,there are differences between the conventional angiographic findings and the clinical manifestations and outcomes in moyamoya disease,while the perfusion imaging can provide important hemodynamic information.Currently,CT perfusion imaging and magnetic resonance perfusion imaging have been widely used in clinical practice.This article reviews the application of the two imaging techniques in moyamoya disease.

Objective To understand the pollution of the traffic noise from the overhead road in the city. Methods The time, the level and the vertical distribution and the influence factors (traffic flux, switch window, soundproofing barrier) of the traffic noise from overhead road were detected and analyzed. Results 24 h time distribution of traffic noise from the overhead road had 3 peaks: about 9 o'clock, 18 o'clock and 22 o'clock and the traffic noise level reached 73.73 dB, 73.95 dB and 73.37 dB respectively. All the equivalent sound level exceeded the standard limit. The peak value epoch of the traffic flux was consistent with the peak value epoch of the traffic noise. The traffic noise from the overhead road increased along with the floor heightening. The traffic noise from overhead road weakened gradually along with the increased level distance. The traffic noise decreased by about 13 dB on the place being 15 m away from the overhead road and decreased by about 17 dB on the place being 30 m away from overhead road. Closing windows could obviously cut off the traffic noise and reduced the noise by about 13 dB in the room. The soundproofing barrier could reduce the noise by about 5 dB in the room. No matter the window was closed or not and there was a soundproofing barrier or not, the noise in the room near by the overhead road exceeded the standard limit. Conclusion The traffic noise pollution caused by overhead road exceeds the national standard in different degree and it should be controlled.

Objiective To observe the morphological changes of rabbits' retina at different time points at which seawater was injected into the vitreous of rabbits. Methods Twenty-five New-Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to five groups, as 30 minutes, 2 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours group following the seawater injection in the vitreous. The right eyeball served as experimental eyeball and the left one as control in each group. 0.5ml artificial seawater was injected into the intermedius of rabbits right vitreous. 0.5ml balanced salt sdution was injected into the left vitreous in teh same way. At different time points following the eyeball injury, the morphological changes of retina were observed with light microscope and transmission electron microscope. Results The retina of control eyeballs had clear layers and regular cell shape in retinal structures with conventional staining. For the experimental eyeballs, the ganglion cell layer began to swelling after 30 minutes of seawater injection. The nerve fiber swelled obviously and the mitochondria vesiculated and swelled in the inner segment at 2 hours of seawater injection. The cell population of the inner nuclear layer began to reduce in 6 hours. At 12 hours of seawater injection, the retinal damages included disorganized cell nuclei, decreased cell population in ganglion cells and inner nuclear layer. Mitochondria vesiculated in photoreceptor cells, nuclear membrane shrank and sank inward. The vesiculation on inner and outer segments increased obviously. Conclusions Seawater may cause the morphological changes of rabbits' retina at early stage, and the histological damages become aggravation following the time prolongation. The damages would be unrecoverable 6 to 12 hours after seawater injury.

Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Microcirculation

Objective To analyze the diagnostic process of a rare case of acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation undergoing a lineage switch to mixed phenotype acute leukemia, NOS-rare types,and to investigate its difference from other acute myeloid leukemia and mixed phenotype acute leukemia. Methods Following tests were performed on the patient with switched mixed phenotype acute leukemia and three control leukemia patients ( including two acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation and one mixed phenotype acute leukemia ). Cell morphology was analyzed by bone marrow smear and related cell chemical staining. Immunophenotyping of bone marrow was performed by flow cytometry ( FCM ). G-banding technique was used for karyotype analysis and RT-PCR was used for fusion gene detection. All the laboratory data of the switched patient were compared to that of three control patients in order to reveal the characteristics of such a rare phenotype switch in acute leukemia. Results Before switching, the morphology of acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation demonstrated 0.82 blasts occurring in bone marrow, distinct nucleoli and absence of Auer rods. Blast cells expressed hematopoieticassociated antigens ( CD38, HLA-DR ), myeloid antigens ( CD13, CD56, CD11b ) and CD7. And these blasts were negative for MPO, CD33, CD15, CD79, CD19, CD22, cytoplasmic CD3, CD4 and CD8. After switching, 0. 42 blasts were found in bone marrow, showed eosinophilia and presence of basophile. Blast cells expressed hematopoietic-associated antigens ( CD38, HLA-DR ), myeloid antigens ( MPO, CD13 ),lymphoid antigens ( CD19, CD79a ,cytoplasmic CD3, and CD7 ). The control group showed typical morphology and immunophenotyping. No abnormal karyotype and fusion gene were detected. Conclusions It is a rare and complicated case that acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation switched to mixed phenotype acute leukemia, NOS-rare types. The laboratory features, especially the change of immunophenotyping play an important role in the diagnosis.

Objective To inhibit the expression level of SALI4 in AML cell line THP-1 and investigate its potential effects on pathogenesis of leukemia. Methods AML cell line THP-1 was transfected with plasmids that expressed small interfering RNA targeting SALL4. The samples were divided into 4 groups:(1) blank group: samples with not any treatments; (2) control group: cells with empty pRS vector alone;(3) test1 group:cells with SALL4-shRNA-pRS-1 plasmid transfection complex; (4) test2 group:cells with SALL4-shRNA-pRS-2 plasmid transfection complex. The expression levels of SALL4 mRNA and protein were measured by real time fluorescence quantitative PCR and WB. C-myc, Cyclin D1 and β-catenin were important components of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and their expression levels in SALL4 knockdown THP-1 cells were detected by real-time fluorescence PCR. Furthermore, THP-1 apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry after Annexin V-PI staining. Results Real time fluorescent quantitative PCR illustrated that the expression of SALL4 in testl group, test2 group, control group and blank group were ( 36. 0 ± 4. 3 ) %,(32. 0 ± 2. 4) %, ( 102. 0 ± 6.5 ) % and ( 100. 0 ± 2. 6 ) % respectively. There was statistical significance ( F = 226. 3, P < 0. 05 ). The expression of SALL4 in testl and test2 group respectively were significant lower than that in blank group (t = 19.7,19. 1, P<0. 05). The expression of SALL4 had no significant difference between blank group and control group (t = 1.1, P ＞0. 05). Western blot analysis revealed SALL4 protein in testl and test2 group were significantly decreased compared with those of control and blank group. All above data indicated the high efficiency of RNA interference targeting SALL4. Comparing with the blank group, the relative expression of C-myc, Cyclin D1 and β-catenin mRNA in test1, test2 and control group were(44.0 ±6.2)%,(44.0 ±5.1)% and (107.0±13.6)%;(22.0±4.5)%,(25.0±3.5)% and (48.0 ± 7. 6 ) %; ( 42.0 ± 3.5 ) %, ( 59. 0 ± 3.7 ) % and ( 79. 0 ± 5.6 ) %. The expression of C-myc,β-catenin and Cyclin D1 mRNA in testl and test2 group were significant lower than that in blank group (t = 10. 1,9. 5, 23. 3, 22. 9; 17.4, 12. 4; P < 0. 05). The percentage of apoptotic cells in group of test1,test2,control, blank were (57.2 ±9.1)%, (34.4 ±8.6)%, (14.4 ±3.6)% and (14.8 ±4.8)%respectively. There was statistical significance ( F = 42. 5, P < 0. 05 ). After the inhibition of SALL4, the percentages of apoptotic cell in testl and test2 group were significantly increased( t =9. 7, 4. 5 ;P <0. 05).Conclusion The inhibition of SALL4 in leukemia cell line THP-1 downregulates the expression of cell proliferation related genes such as C-myc, Cyclin D1,β-catenin and promoted apoptosis.

Objective To study the relationship of microinflammation,nutrition and common carotid artery intima-media thickness(CCA-IMT) for the early prevention and interference of ischemic stroke. Methods(CCA-IMT was) measured by carotid arterial ultrasound in 250 elderly subjects.The levels of serum high-sensitivity C-(reactive) protein(hsCRP),ferritin,albumin,pre-albumin and transferrin were assayed at the same time.According to the results of CCA-IMT,all the subjects were divided into five groups:

Objective To investigate the psychological condition of the rural residents with HIV/AIDS.Methods Totally 192 subjects with HIV/AIDS residing in countryside of Henan Province(China)were investigated with questionaire and Symptom Check list 90(SCL-90).Results SCL-90 total score,the number of positive items and the score of each factor for the 192 subjects with HIV/AIDS were higher than those of Chinese normal(P

Objective To investigate the role of RNA-binding protein La protein in the invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells.Methods RNAi technology was used to silence the La protein in HeLa cell,a cell line of cervical cancer,and then screened by G418.Finally the stably expressed HeLa-shLa cell line was constructed and then wound healing,Transwell,Western blot and gelatin zymography assay were performed. Results After La protein HeLa was silenced by RNAi,the invasion and migration capabilities of HeLa cells were decreased significantly compared with those of the controls.Meanwhile,SiRNA-mediated depletion of La reduced the expression of MMP-2 and increased the expression of TIMP-2.Meanwhile the activity of MMP-2 was reduced too.Conclusion RNA-binding protein La promotes the invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells,which may be related to regulating its matrix metalloproteinases and inhibitors.

Objective To construct a lentiviral vector over-expressing β-catenin gene by multisite Gateway technology and confirm its effect.Methods By using multisite Gateway clone technique,the entry clone of pDown-Ctnnb1 was constructed using BP recombination reaction.Then,LR recombination reaction was performed among pUp-EF1A,pDown-Ctnnb1,pTail-IRES/DsRed-Express2 and pLV.Des3d.P/puro to generate an expression clone of pLV.EX3d.P/puro-EF1A＞Ctnnb1 ＞IRES/DsRed-Express2.In each step,PCR and sequencing analysis were used to verify the constructions.When it was verified that plasmids were transfected into 293T cells,PT-PCR was performed to determine the mRNA level of β-catenin gene.Results Both PCR and sequencing analysis revealed that β-catenin over-expression gene was inserted into the target site and the insertion sequence was perfectly corrected.The RT-PCR results showed that the expression of β-catenin gene was significantly upregulated.Conclusion The lenvivirus-mediate β-catenin over-expression gene was successfully constructed..