Objective To detect and analysis on serum infectious indicators in patients before receiving blood transfusion .Meth‐ods 5 790 patients admitted to the hospital from June 2012 to April 2015 to be treated with blood transfusion were enrolled in the study and underwent detections of various infectious indicators ,including Hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) ,anti hepatitis C vi‐rus antibody(anti‐HCV) ,anti human immunodeficiency virus antibody (anti‐HIV) and anti syphilis helicoid antibody (anti‐TP) . The positive rate of infectious indicators in 5 790 cases of blood transfusion before transfusion ,the positive rate of infectious indica‐tors in different departments and the positive rate of infectious indicators in patients of different gender were calculated .Results The positive rate of HBsAg was the highest ,which was 18 .2% .The positive rate of anti‐HIV was the lowest ,which was only 0 .26% .In obstetrics and gynecology department ,the positive rate of HBsAg and anti‐HIV were the highest ,and the positive rate of anti‐HCV and anti‐TP were basically the same in each department .The positive rate of HBsAg ,anti‐HCV ,anti‐HIV and anti‐TP in male blood recipients before transfusion were higher than that of female ,the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .05) . Conclusion It is very necessary to detect the serum infectious indicators in blood recipients before blood transfusion ,which can ef‐fectively block the spread of infectious diseases such as hepatitis ,AIDS ,syphilis and so on and protect blood recipients and medical workers .

Objective To study the characteristics of immunophenotype and bone marrow in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in order to provide certain reference for its clinical diagnosis and treatment .Methods A total of 69 cases of CLL in our hos‐pital from January 2013 to January 2015 were selected .The immune 69 cases was analyzed by using the single parameter and multi‐parameter flow cytometry .The bone marrow and blood examinations were performed and the myeloproliferative degree was ana‐lyzed .Results Among 69 cases of CLL ,33 cases (47 .83% ) were LL/SL‐MC ,16 cases (23 .19% ) were CLL/PLL‐MC ,9 cases (13 .04% ) were TSL ,4 cases (5 .80% ) were ATLL ,4 cases (5 .80% ) were PLL and 3 cases (4 .34% ) were HCL .The majority of CLL cases were more than 50 years old .The myeloproliferative degree was hyperactive in 12 cases (17 .39% ) ,significantly active in 10 cases (14 .49% ) and active in 47 cases (68 .12% );the myeloid‐erythroid ratio was increased in 17 cases (24 .64% ) ,normal in 29 cases (42 .03% ) and reduced in 23 cases (33 .33% );the megakaryocyte count was increased in 3 cases (4 .35% ) ,normal in 30 cases (43 .48% ) and reduced in 36 cases (52 .17% ) .All 69 cases expressed CD19 and CD20 with the positive rate of 100% ;sec‐ondly expressed CD22 with the positive rate of 98 .55% ;the CD23 positive rate was 97 .10% ,the CD5 positive rate was 86 .96% ;all cases did not express CD10 .Conclusion The immunophenotype in 69 cases of CLL was mainly the mixed type with higher my‐eloproliferative degree ;the immunophenotype expressed CD19 and CD20 in all cases ,secondly expressed CD22 and CD23 ,and did not express CD10 .

[Objective] To develop biomimicking chitosan scaffolds with longitudinally oriented micro-channels,and investigate their efficacy in bridging 15 mm sciatic nerve gap in rats.[Methods]Chitosan scaffolds with longitudinally oriented micro-channels were fabricated using unidirectional freezing-dry methods.The chitosan scaffolds were used to bridge 15 mm nerve defect in rats,and their efficacy in bridging nerve gap was evaluated by morphometric analysis,retrograde labeling,electrophysiological studies and behavioral analysis.[Results]The chitosan scaffolds developed in the present study showed longitudinally oriented micro-channels,which resembled the dimensions of basal lamina channels in normal nerves.Implantation of chitosan scaffold achieved axonal regeneration and functional recovery similar to autograft implantation in vivo.[Conclusion]The chitosan scaffolds have inner microstructures which resemble the basal lamina channels in normal nerves.The chitosan scaffold may be used as an alternative to autograft in bridging nerve gaps.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and effective time of low dosage of olanzapine combined with fluoxetine in treatment of major depression. Methods A total of 53 patients who suffered from major depression diagnosed according to CCMD-3 and the score of Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD) over 28, were randomly divided into 2 groups: alprazolam group (0.4 mg alprazolam, 2/d and 20 mg fluoxetine, 1/d), olanzapine group (2.5 mg olanzapine, 1/d, and 20 mg fluoxetine, 1/d). The treatment period lasted six weeks and the subjects were evaluated by using HAMD and HAMA at week 1, 2, 4, 6. The effective time was estimated by decreasing rate of the scale of HAMD and the amelioration of sleep disturbance and anxiety/somatization in HAMD were observed before and during the treatment. Results The therapeutic effects in olanzapine group at week 1 were observed with the apparent rate of 67%. The scores of HAMD and HAMA in olanzapine group were obviously lower than those in alprazolam group at each time point. The sleep disturbance and anxiety/somatization of the patients in olanzapine group improved significantly as compared with those in alprazolam group. Conclusion Fluoxetine combined with olanzapine is a fast and effective method to treat major depression.

BACKGROUND: Major depression is a subtype of depression. Application of thymoleptics alone has bad effect. It has shown from relevant studies abroad that application of fluoxetine combined with atypical antipsychotic drugs maybe an effective treating strategy.OBJECTIVE: To observe the curative effects of fluoxetine combined with olanzapine and the time of its taking effect.DESIGN: Comparative study of open clinical test with completely random sampling for the first visit outpatients SETTING: A psychological consulting clinic in a hospital of a Military Medical College of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 140 patients visiting psychological counseling outpatient clinic in the hospital were collected from January 2004 to August 2004. Inclusion criteria: According to the diagnostic criterion of depression of CCMD-3, patients with total scores of 17 items in Hamilton depression rating scale≥28and age ≥18 years old .EXclusion criteria;①slight to middle edgree of depression(Hamt≤27);②secondary depression;③convalesscent period of schizophrenia and other affective disorder caused by psychosis;④severe of unstable body diseases ,including diseases of liver,kidney,cardiae vessel,respiration,gastro-intestine,endocrine,nervous system,innune system or hematological system,cet.⑤drug or alcohol addict;⑥women in pregnancy and lactation. Totally 110 patients accorded with the inclusive criteria. Among them, there were 40 males and 70 females with the course of disease for 4 months to 5 years, aged 18 to 63 with the average (37 ± 12) years old. They all took part in the trial voluntarily. According to the date of admittance, they were divided into odd-numbered date alprazolam group in which there were 55 patients with 21 males and 34 females and double date olanzapine group in which there were 55 patients with 19 males and 36 females.METHODS: The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the date of admittance. Odd-numbered date group was alprazolam group. 0.4 mg alprazolam was given every noon and before sleep and 20 mg fluoxetine was given at a draught after breakfast every day. Even-numbered date group was olanzapine group. 2.5 mg olanzapine was given before sleep every day and 20mg fluoxetine was given at a draught after breakfast every day. The course of treatment was 6 weeks. HAMD and HAMA scores of taken were evaluated respectively before and at the end of 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th week. Reducing score rate was used to decide effective time. Lost rate was presented as percentage. And improvement of sleep factor and somatization factor in HAMD were observed before therapy and at every observing time period after therapy.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Terminus index: Comparison of HAMD,HAMA score in the two groups before therapy and at the 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th weekend after therapy. Scores of sleep factor and anxiety somatization factor of HAMD at every observing time period in the two groups. Substitution index: lost rate in the two groups. Reducing score rate at every observing time period in the two groups.RESULTS: Lost rate in olanzapine group was significantly lower than that in alprazolam group ( P ＜ 0.05) and the effect was taken at 1 week after therapy(excellence rate 67% ) . But, scores of HAMD and HAMA at every observing time period in olanzapine group were significant lower than those in alprazolam group( P ＜ 0.01) and sleep factor and somatization factor at every observing time period improved more significantly than those of alprazolam group( P ＜ 0. 01).CONCLUSION: Small amount of olanzapine combined with fluoxetine used to treat major depression of the patients can improve sleep and anxiety body symptoms rapidly and then elevate their living quality significantly.

Objective: To investigate the influence of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) on the expression of natriuretic peptide B receptor(NPR-B) and its cGMP signal induced by advanced glycation end products(AGEs) in human mesangial cells(HMC). Methods: HMCs were cultured in vitro. The expression of NPR-B, intracellular concentration of cGMP and level of NF-κB p65 in HMC were measured by immunofluorescent staining, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and flow cytometry, respectively. Results: CNP significantly upregulated the immunofluorescent intensity of NPR-B and the concentration of cGMP inhibited by AGEs(P<0.001);CNP also inhibited the fluorescent intensity of NF-κB p65 stimulated by AGEs. Conclusion: CNP can regulate the expression of NPR-B/cGMP and activity of NF-κB induced by AGEs through a NPR-B/cGMP dependent manner.

Objective:To observe thyroperoxidase (TPO) expression in fine needle aspirated thyroid tumor cells and to assess the value TPO immunostaining in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid tumors. Methods: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) samples, and frozen tissue sections of 71 surgically resected thyroid tumor specimens were immunostained by with hTPO MoAb47. The staining results were considered positive if 80% or more thyroid cells were positively stained. Results: TPO expression levels in FNA samples and frozen tissue sections of malignant tumors were lower than those of benign tumors (P<0.01), and there was no difference in the results of FNA and frozen tissue sections. We also found that the TPO staining intensity of malignant tumors was markedly lower than that of benign tumors, with significant differences found between the mean densities, relative optic densities, and the intensities of staining color (all P<0.05), but with no significant difference found between the results of FNA samples and frozen tissue sections. TPO staining was positive in 20 of the 22 smears of the benign cystoma and in none of the 4 smears of malignant cystoid lesion (P<0.05). Taking the results of H-E staining as the control, the sensitivity of FNA samples was 95.74% and the specificity was 91.67%; of frozen tissue section were 100% and 66.47%; and of the cystoid lesions smears were 97.44% and 88.46%, respectively. Conclusion: TPO expression level is obviously higher in benign thyroid tumors than those in the malignant ones. FNA samples can be used for TPO immunocytochemistry staining as an adjuvant tool for distinguishing benign and malignant tumors.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) combined with ventrical septal perforation (VSP).Methods Fifty-seven AMI + VSP patients were retrospectively analyzed their clinical characteristics and outcomes who were treated in the Fourth People' s Hospital of Shenyang and the First Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from June 2000 to May 2014.Results Of all patients,43 (75.4％) VSP occurred anterior wall AMI,and 14 (24.6％) were not.Echocardiogram show the end diastolic diameter of left ventricle was (53.7 ± 9.5) mm,left ventricle ejection fraction was (48.5 ± 11.8)％,VSP diameter was (9.8 ±7.9) mm,and 37(64.9％) were with near apex.The level of cardiactroponin I,C-reactive protein,and N terminal of B type natriuretic peptide of patients were (16.7 ± 12.9) μg/L,(99.7 ± 31.40 mg/L,(3 051.2 ± 879.7) μg/L.Total mortality was 71.9％ (41/57) in 30 days and 78.9％ (45/57) in 1 year.The mortality of operation group was 73.9％ (17/23) in 30 days and 91.3％ (21/23) in 1 year.The mortality of consecutive therapy was 64.7％ (22/34) in 30 days and 76.5％ (26/34) in 1 year.Conclusion The mortality of AMI + VSP is higher and operation is the most effective therapeutic method.

Clinically,peripheral nerve injury is common,treatment is still a clinical problem.Because of the peripheral nerve's particular dissection and the function,repair of its damage is a complex process,meticulous microsurgical technique can be used to restore nerve continuity,but the restoration of nerve function is still not satisfactory.Recently,the domestic and foreign scholars has made effort and achieved some success,particularly,the allograft nerve transplant has applied in clinical.

BACKGROUND: According to Eysenck's theory of personality, trait level belongs tolow-grade personality, which can better reflect characteristics of individual habitual behavior reaction.OBJECTIVE: To explore the correspondent relationship between generalized anxiety patient and internal personality trait through adopting Cattell's 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PFQ) and Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) to test generalized anxiety patients.DESIGN: A transectional sampling survey and data was compared with that of health adult norms.SETTING: Counseling clinic of out-patient in the Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 100 patients with generalized anxiety disorders who visited the clinical counseling clinic of out-patient in the Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA for the first time from August 2003 to March 2004 were included, including 40 men and 60 women.METHODS: Catell's 16PFQ was tested with Psychometric Toolbox Standard Edition V2.3 developed by the Insight Group of Peking University.The patients filled out the forms independently after the method being explained clearly by professional staff members. These 16 personality factors included warmth (reserved vs. warm; Factor A), reasoning (concrete vs.abstract; Factor B), emotional stability (reactive vs. emotionally stable;Factor C), dominance (deferential vs. dominant; Factor E), liveliness (serious vs. lively; Factor F), rule-consciousness (expedient vs. rule-conscious;Factor G), social boldness (shy vs. socially bold; Factor H), sensitivity (utilitarian vs. sensitive; Factor I), vigilance (trusting vs. vigilant; Factor L),abstractedness (grounded vs. abstracted; Factor M), privateness (forthright vs. private; Factor N), apprehension (self-assured vs. apprehensive; Factor O), openness to change (traditional vs. open to change; Factor Q1), self-reliance (group-oriented vs. self-reliant; Factor Q2), perfectionism (tolerates disorder vs. perfectionistic; Factor Q3), tension (relaxed vs. tense; Factor Q4). Standard score of each observed index was measured automatically by computer measuring system. The standard score in Zung's SAS was (65.31±7.90).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of standard scores in Cattell's 16PF between anxiety group and health adult norms.tell's 16PFQ for patients with generalized anxiety disorders: Scores in A,I, L, M, O, Q4 factor of anxiety patients were higher than that of health adult norms (6.19±1.69, 5.49±1.75;6.63±1.46, 5.53±1.84;5.84±1.52,5.47 ± 1.78; 6.22 ± 1.54,5.42 ± 1.61; 8.32 ±1.54,5.48 ±1.81; 8.10 ±1.27,5.60±1.99,(t=-2.03 to -13.15, P＜ 0.05-0.01)) while scores in B, C, E, F, G H,Q1, Q2, Q3 were significantly lower (5.22±1.46, 5.93±1.97;3.48±1.68,5.51±1.75;4.86±1.60, 5.53±1.83;5.01±2.22, 5.50±1.89;4.42±1.60,5.54 ±1.66 ;4.58±1.66, 5.56±1.84 ;4.64±1.29, 5.50±1.72 ;4.73±1.80, 5.50±1.72;and F had a significantly negative correlation with scores in Zung's SAS (r=-0.273,P ＜ 0.01 ;r=-0.217,P ＜ 0.05;r=-0.217,P ＜ 0.05) while factor Q4 had a significantly positive correlation(r=0.248 ,P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The development of anxiety with high scores in C, E, F and Q4 correlates with self-personality trait. These 4 personality traits may be susceptible factors in the development of anxiety disorder and may also affect its severity.