Objective: To investigate the expression of Skp2,c-Myc and P27kip1 protein,their association with clinicopathological features and the correlation between one and another.Method:Skp2,c-Myc and P27kip1 protein were examined by using immunochistochemical staining method in 20 cases of normal colorectal mucosa,20 cases of colorectal adenomatous polyp and 60 cases of colorectal cancer,and analysed the relationship with clinicopathologic features and between Skp2 with c-Myc and P27kip1 protein.Results:The positive rates of Skp2,c-Myc and P27kip1 protein in colorectal cancer were 71.67%,66.67% and 21.67% respectively.Moreover,the expression levels of Skp2 and P27kip1 protein in colorectal cancer were significantly associated with the pathologic grade,invasion deep,clinical stage and lymph node metastasis,c-Myc associated with the invasion deep,clinical stage and lymph node metastasis,but were independent of age and sex.Besides,in colorectal cancer,the expression levels of Skp2 and P27kip1 protein were inversely correlated,and the expression levels of Skp2 and c-Myc protein were positively correlated.Conclusions:The expression of Skp2,c-Myc and P27kip1 protein are associated with occurrence and development in colorectal cancer through their alteration,which is very important for assessment of malignancy degree and prognosis in colorectal cancer,and detection cancer of their expression provides theoretical basis for targetting therapy of colorectal.

Polysaccharides definitely possess the effect of modulating immuno function by many ways and many targets, such as promoting the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes, secreting various lymphokines, modulating the balance of neuroendocrine immuno modulation network and so on. At present, the tendency of study on drugs in the world is to from synthetic drugs to natural drugs. In this review, a brief summarization is made on progress of the immuno modulating effect of polysaccharides and their mechanisms.

With the changes of lifestyle, the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing year by year.Though the surgical techniques and adjuvant therapy means are continuously improving, the overall prognosis of patients is still poor. Micrometastasis of colorectal cancer is the main reason leading to recurrence and metastasis. Timely detection of micrometastasis is meaningful to accurately determine the condition, formulate reasonable treatment and improve survival time. With the development of medical detection and sophisticated means, the micrometastasis of coloroctal cancer detection has become the research hot spots. In this paper, the current status of micrometastasis of colorectal cancer detection methods, detection means and choice of marker are introduced.

Objective: To establish HPLC fingerprints of Callicarpa kwangtungensis from different origins, which can be used in the evaluation for its quality control. Methods: The fingerprints of 15 batches of C. kwangtungensis were further evaluated by chemometrics methods. The similarity analyzed with "Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Chinese Materia Medica 2004A", and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed by SPSS 19.0. Results: There were 12 common peaks, and the similarity degrees of 15 batches of samples were more than 0.644, and showed that all the samples from different origins were of good consistency. The samples were divided into four clusters by HCA. The result of PCA showed that the three factors were chosen, the quality of samples could be evaluated basically. According to the composite score, the quality of C. kwangtungensis from different origins, Hunan Huitong, Guangxi Guilin, Jiangxi Wuning, Jiangxi Nanchang, Jiangxi Pingxiang, and Jiangxi Yichun were better than others. Conclusion: The method is simple, reproducible, and reliable, than it can be used for quality control and evaluation of C. kwangtungensis from different origins.

Objective: To study the technology for separation and purification of phenylethanoid glycosides from Callicarpa kwangtungensis by macroporous resin. Methods: The absorption and separation properties of 10 kinds of absorption resins were studied and the separation and purification technological process of phenylethanoid glycosides from C. kwangtungensis were optimized by HPLC with the total content of forsythiaside B and poliumoside as an index. Results: Using X-5 resin column as adsorbent, the optional conditions were as follows: loading qualities were 32.79 mg/g, the resin was washed by 4 BV distilled water to remove impurity and 7 BV 30% ethanol to elute phenylethanoid glycosides, the eluting velocity was 2 BV/h, and the content of phenylethanoid glycosides in the extract was 52.8% (n = 3). Conclusion: This technology is simple and feasible, and the process with X-5 resin is an effective method to separate and purify phenylethanoid glycosides from C. kwangtungensis.

Neuronal?_4?_2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors(nAChRs) are the most widespread subtypes in central nervous system.?_4?_2 nAChRs mainly exist in procerebrum,parietal lobe cortex,temporal lobe cortex,hippocampus,basal ganglion and cerebellum.Researches on gene knock-out mice have demonstrated that?_4?_2 receptors participate in the development,aging,neuron survival,pain,and learning and memory,and are also involved in gamma-aminobutyric acid release and dopaminergic function.Studies have disclosed that?_4?_2 nAChRs relate to the development of variety of neurological diseases,including pain,Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Neuronal α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are the most widespread subtypes in central nervous system, α4β2 nAChRs mainly exist in procerebrum, parietal lobe cortex, temporal lobe cortex, hippocampus, basal ganglion and cerebellum. Researches on gene knock-out mice have demonstrated that α4β2 receptors participate in the development, aging, neuron survival, pain, and learning and memory, and are also involved in gamma-aminobutyric acid release and dopaminergic function. Studies have disclosed that α4β2 nAChRs relate to the development of variety of neurological diseases, including pain, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

0.05 ), there was no massive haemorrhage, anal incontinence and other serious complications. In the therapeutic group, there were less occurrence of post-operation pain, dropsy in cut edge, remaining wart and anal stricture (P

BACKGROUND: The interaction between hydroxyl in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and hydroxyland carboxyl in hyaluronic acid can reduce the enzymatic hydrolysis of hyaluronic acid and increase the usability when used as a skin filling material. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the host response of different cross-linked hyaluronic acid composite gels after they were implanted in vivo and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. METHODS: Twelve New Zealand white rabbits (purchased from Beijing Longan Laboratory Animal Breeding Center) were injected with cross-linked hyaluronic acid composite gels through 10 points in subcutaneous tissue at both sides of the spine. On the left side, chemically cross-linked sodium hyaluronate-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gel was injected via 4 points (chemical cross-linking group). On the right side, physically mixed sodium hyaluronate-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gel was injected via 4 points (physical cross-linking group). The modified sodium hyaluronate gel which was marketed was injected via 1 point on each side (control group). Subcutaneous tissues including implant material was excised at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after injection. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to evaluate the degree of inflammation and fibrosis. Masson staining was performed to observe the formation of collagen fibers. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences (approval No. IMPS-EAEP-H-2017030). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hematoxylin-eosin staining: In the chemical cross-linking group, at 1 and 4 weeks after injection, inflammatory reaction was more obvious, and the capsule wall and the microcapsule wall were thicker compared with the control group. At 12 weeks after injection, the degree of inflammation and fibrosis were similar between chemical cross-linking and control groups. At 1 week after injection, in the physical cross-linking group, a small amount of inflammatory cells were observed, and the fiber wrap and microcapsule wall formation were slightly more obvious than those in the control group. At 4 weeks after injection, the fiber wrap and microcapsule wall were thicker in the physical cross-linking group compared with the control group. At 12 weeks after injection, the degrees of inflammatory reaction and fibrosis in the physical cross-linking group were similar to those of the control group. Masson staining: In the chemical cross-linking group and physical cross-linking group, at 1 and 4 weeks after injection, the collagen fibers were increased compared with the control group and they further increased at 12 weeks, and at this time, there was no significant difference between chemical cross-linking and physical cross-linking groups. Immunohistochemical staining: In the chemical cross-linking group, matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in the chemical cross-linking group was lower than that in the control group at 1 week after injection, and there was no significant difference at other time points. At 1 week after injection, matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in the physical cross-linking group was lower than that in the control group. At 4 weeks after injection, matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in the physical cross-linking group was higher than that in the control group. At 12 weeks after injection, there was no significant difference in matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression between physical cross-linking and control groups. These results showed that the biocompatibility of the two cross-linked sodium hyaluronate composite gels was good in 12 weeks after subcutaneous implantation. The expression of collagen fiber and matrix metalloproteinase-9 was gradually increased. All these are conducive to tissue remodeling. In the physical cross-linking gel, tissue reaction is smaller at the early stage, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression is significantly increased at the middle stage, which are more conducive to tissue repair and remodeling.

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the roots of Gypsophila pacifica. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods and their structures were identified by spectral data together with physicochemical analysis. Results Five compounds were isolated and identified as 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl gypsogenin 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranoside (1), 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl quillaic acid 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranoside (2), 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-( 1→ 2 )-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-( 1→ 3 ) ]-β- D-glucuronopyranosyl gypsogenin 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-( 1→ 3 )-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-( 1→4 ) ]-α-L-rhamnop yranosyl-( 1 → 2 )-β-D-fucopyranoside (3),3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl quillaic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-( 1→ 3 )-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-( 1→4 ) ]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-( 1→2 )-β-D-fucopyranoside ( 4), 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl quillaic acid 28-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranoside (5). Conclusion The five compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time.