Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of 2D-FIESTA sequence of MRI in the detection of the biliary tract lesions in infant and young children patients(less than 3 years).Methods 8 infant and young children patients were examined by MRI to evaluatetheir biliary tract.Images were obtained with a 1.5T whole body MRI system(GE Medical System,Milwakee,Wis,USA),using theCARDIAC coil.The patients were sedated by chloral hydrate orally or by pentobarbital sodium intravenously.No contrast agents wererequired.All of the axial,coronal and sagittal images were reviewed on an independent workstation and maximum intensity projection(MIP) and multiplanar reformations(MPR) techniques were applied.Results The 2D-FIESTA pulse sequence results in images in which the hepatic vascular structures and the biliary tract were highlighted.In this way,a clear visualization of the hepatic vessels and biliarytract could be obtained in all 8 cases.MRI could demonstrate the anatomy and pathology of post-transplantation changes in 3 patients,choledochal cysts in 2 patients,anomalous connection between the bile and pancreatic ducts in 1 patient.All the abnormalities were proved by operation.2 examinees were diagnosed normal by MRI and were confirmed by follow-up.Conclusion 2D-FIESTA is a fast sequence that allows the high quality images to be generated without breath-hold and without administration of contrast material.It has a potential wide application in the evaluation of biliary tract in the infant patients.

Objective To study the correlation of the bone mineral density (BMD) and the body composition components of body mass index (BMI), FAT and LEAN in Chinese obesity. Methods There were 150 cases in obesity group diagnosed by BMI, including 75 males[ median age 46 years, mean weight (89. 64±8. 33) kg] and 75 females[ median age 45 years, mean weight (77.23±6. 85) kg]. There were 150 persons with normal BMI in the control group, including 75 males [ ( median age 47 years, mean weight (62. 34±5.72) kg] and 75 females [ median age 45 years, mean weight (50. 16±5.06) kg]. The body height and weight of 300 persons in two groups were measured respectively and, simultaneously calculated the BMI. These data and the body composition parameters measured by the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in these two groups were compared and analyzed. The data obtained used two-sample t-test analysis, bi-variable correlation used Pearson linear correlation analysis and multi-variable correlation used multiple linear regression analysis. Results FAT of arms, legs, trunk and total body of male cases in obesity group was (2.90±0.57), (7.48±1.46), ( 15.67±3.05 ), ( 30.92±5.94 ) kg respectively, FAT% was ( 30.9±5.1 ) %, ( 30.6±5.8 ) %, ( 37. 3±4.7 ) %, ( 35.1±4.4 ) % respectively, it was significantly higher than that in control group [ FAT was ( 1.12±0. 64 ), (3.27±1.22), (6. 71±3. 29 ), ( 11.61± 5. 16) kg respectively,FAT% was( 15.4±4. 8)%, ( 16. 5±5.0)%, (21.8±5.8)%, ( 18.6±5. 3)% respectively] ,P <0. 01 ;LEAN of trunk and total body of male cases in obesity group was (27.65±4. 08), (57. 09±7.08 ) kg respectively ; BMD was ( 0. 99±0. 09 ), ( 1.22±0. 09 ) g/cm2 respectively, it was significantly higher than that in control group [ LEAN was ( 22. 89±1.68 ), (48.89 s 3.72 ) kg respectively, BMD was( 0. 89±0. 07 ), ( 1.15±0. 06 ) g/em2 respectively ], P < 0. 01 ; LEAN of arms and legs of male cases in obesity group was(6.22±0.92), (17.31±2.65) kg respectively; BMD was(0.92±0. 04), (1.31±0. 09)g/cm2 respectively,and there were no statistical significance compared with those in control group [ LEAN was ( 5.99±0. 72 ), ( 16. 83±1.67 ) kg respectively, BMD was ( 0. 90±0. 08 ), ( 1.29± 0.09) g/cm2 respectively]. FAT of arms, legs, trunk and total body of females in obesity group was (3.78±1.53), ( 12. 61±3.72), ( 17. 56±2. 59), (33.71±6. 96) kg respectively, FAT% was (33.8± 4.0)%,(40. 1±6.9)%,(43.9±4.9)%, (43.5±4.2)% respectively, LEAN was(7.28±0.94), ( 14. 40 ±2. 05 ), ( 20. 71±3.08 ), ( 43.43±5.69 ) kg respectively, BMD was ( 0. 86±0. 08 ), ( 1.27± 0. 12),(0.95±0. 14), (1.19±0.09)g/cm2 respectively, they were significantly higher than those in control group [ FAT was(2. 04±0. 79), (3.79±0. 94), (6. 89±2. 56), ( 14. 68±3.57) kg respectively, FAT% was (27. 2±4. 5 ) %, ( 29. 6±3.9 ) %, ( 31.0±3.8 ) %, ( 25.9±4. 9 ) % respectively, LEAN was (5. 25±0. 63), ( 10. 65±1.44), ( 16. 65±1.50), (33. 10±3.22) kg respectively, BMD was (0. 78± 0. 04), ( 1.11±0. 09), ( 0. 82±0. 07 ), ( 1.05±0. 07 ) g/cm2 respectively ], P < 0. 01. Conclusion The significantly increasing of fat tissue in all parts of body is a major cause of change of body composition components in obesity. FAT in the trunk increases more obviously than that in other parts of the body in both males and females. The change of distribution of FAT and LEAN can obviously influence BMD.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic features and prognostic analysis of intrahepatic mucinous cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).Methods The retrospective cohort study was adopted.The clinicopathological data of 20 patients with IMCC and 51 patients with ICC who were admitted to the Fujian Provincial Hospital from March 2003 to March 2014 were collected.The observation indicators included (1) clinicopathologic features:gender,age,clinical symptoms (fever,jaundice,abdominal pain and peritoneal effusion),preoperative laboratory examination [alanine transaminase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),direct bilirubin (DBil),carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA),CA19-9 and alphafetoprotein (AFP)],operation methods (radical resection,palliative resection) and pathological features (tumor location,lymph node metastasis,vascular invasion and pathological stage).(2) The follow-up of outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect the survival of patients up to March 2015.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as x-± s and comparison between groups was analyzed using t test.Count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.The survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival rate was analyzed using the Log-rank test.Result The numbers of patients with fever,jaundice,elevated level of AST and DBil,lymph node metastasis,vascular invasion and numbers of patients with stage 0,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ were 13,11,10,11,3,1 and4,6,2,6,2 with IMCC,12,10,9,2,22,36 and 0,14,5,3,29 with ICC,respectively,showing statistically significant differences in the above indicators (x2=10.830,8.639,7.672,25.059,8.036,24.765,26.601,P ＜ 0.05).All the patients were followed up for a median time of 14 months (range,1-118 months).The survival time and 1-,3-,5-year survival rates were (55 ± 8)months,94.4％,44.0％,16.7％ in 20 patients with IMCC and (30 ±6) months,36.5％,12.5％,4.0％ in 51 patients with ICC,respectively,showing a statistically significant difference (x2 =8.126,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The patients with MICC are more easily complicated with fever,jaundice and liver dysfunction,while they have less lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion,earlier pathological stage and better prognosis compared with patients with ICC.

The pGenesil-1-Beclin1 eukaryotic expression vectors were constructed to establish an SH-SY5Y cell line stably expressing shRNA-Beclin1. The shRNA was connected to pGenesil-1 to construct the recombinant plasmid pGenesil-1-Beclin1, which was transformed into JM109 E. coli. Positive clones were identified by digestion with restriction endonuclease and DNA sequencing. SH-SY5Y cells were cultured by the conventional method. The pGenesil-1-Beclin1 and pGenesil-1 plasmids were transfected into SH-SY5Ycells, and the cells were screened by G418 until the stable G418-resistant monoclonal cells were acquired. Beclin1 mRNA and Beclin1 protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis respectively. The results of restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA sequencing confirmed the correct construction of the eukaryotic expression vector pGenesil-1-Beclin1. Two SH-SY5Y transfected cell lines were successfully selected. Compared with the control group, RT-PCR and Western blot showed that the expression of Beclin1 mRNA and protein were down regulated 71.28% ± 1.45% (P < 0.05)and 75.50% ± 2.63% (P < 0.05), respectively. The results indicated that the eukaryotic expression vector pGenesil-1-Beclin1 was successfully constructed and the SH-SYSY cell lines with inhibited Beclin1 expression were established. It provides a useful cell model for studying the biological function of Beclin1.
Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Beclin-1 ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Down-Regulation ; Escherichia coli ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neuroblastoma ; Plasmids ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical results of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for posterior Pilon fracture through posterolateral approach.

METHODSSeventeen patients with posterior Pilon fracture were treated through posterolateral approach from February 2010 to April 2013. Among them,including 11 males and 6 females aged from 29 to 59 with an average of 43.4 years old. All fractures were associated with more than 20% of articular surface of distal tibial. The causes of injury included falling down (11 cases), traffic accident (4 cases) and sports injury(6 cases). Fracture classification was based on posterior pilon fracture by YU Guang-rong, including type I (6 cases), type II (2 cases) and type III (6 cases). Fracture healing time, fracture reduction and postoperative complications were observed, AOFAS score were applied to evaluate clinical efficacy.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 13 to 24 months with an average of 20.5 months. All incisions were healed at stage I, and fractures obtained healing,the time of fracture healing ranged from 12 to 21 weeks with an average of 15.2 weeks. No incision infection, neurovascular injury, bone ununion and fracture deformity were found after operation. Postoperative AOFAS score was 92.0 ± 10.2, and 14 cases got excellent results, 2 good and 1 moderate.

CONCLUSIONPosterior pilon fracture through posterolateral approach could obtain effective reduction, stable fixation. It is a safe, simple and effective operation for treating posterior Pilon fracture, and it is worth popularizing.

Adult ; Ankle Fractures ; surgery ; Ankle Joint ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of mono-segment transpedicular fixation of type B thoracolumbar fracture.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 40 cases suffering from type B thoracolumbar fracture treated with mono-segment transpedicular fixation from May 2003 to October 2012.According to the AO classification,13 cases were identified with type B1.1,11 type B1.2,11 type B2.2,2 type B3.1,2 type B3.2,and 1 type B3.3.Radiological results were evaluated by measuring compression rate of the fractured vertebra and Cobb' s angle of the vertebra adjacent to the fractured segment.Clinical results were assessed using Frankel classification for spinal cord injury and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain.Results Mean operation time was 71 minutes and mean intrao perative blood loss was 105 ml.Mean period of follow-up was 47.5 months (range,24-82 months).Mean Cobb' s angle of the vertebra adjacent to the fractured segment and compression rate of the fractured vertebra revealed great correction at one week post-operation compared with preoperative ones (6.2° vs 20.1° and 10.1％ vs 38.9％ respectively,P ＜0.05) and there was no significant correction loss at the last follow-up (6.9° and 10.8％ respectively,P ＞ 0.05).Mean VAS was 8.6 points before operation,but mean VAS was 2.4 points at final follow-up (P ＜ 0.05).Neurological performance improved in 37 cases (93％).No cases experienced neurological deterioration.Conclusions Mono-segment transpedicular fixation has small incision,short operation time,few bleeding and decreased motor function loss.The procedure is indicated for most type B thoracolumbar fracture and clinical results are satisfactory.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of liver tumor in children. Methods Among 23 cases,21 cases underwent resection. Results Benign tumors were in 10 cases and malignant tumors in 11 cases. AH patients were followed up for 0. 5 - 3 years. Two cases died during the follow-up. Three year survival rate in benign tumor was 100% ( 10/10) and 82% (9/11 ) in malignant tumor. Conclusions Most malignant liver tumors were embryonal in children. Combination therapy of surgery and chemotherapy improves the prognosis. Prognosis of benign tumors after total resection is satisfactory.

The mRNA levels of adiponectin in adipose tissue and adiponectin receptor R1 in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats were examined by semi-quatitative RT-PCR.The expression of adiponectin receptor R1 was not altered in the skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats as compared with normal rats.The serum adiponectin level was decreased in diabetic rats due to the decline of adiponectin mRNA level in adipose tissue and rosiglitazone improved the adiponectin deficiency.

To counteract the immune system in parasitic hosts, some viruses encode proteins to suppress the RNA interference (RNAi) effect. In this report, we established two RNAi systems to be easily observed with strong and obvious effect. The function of the P19 of tomato bushy stunt virus, which suppresses RNAi in mammal cells, was then studied using these two systems. Short hairpin RNAs targeting green fluorescence protein (pshRNA-GFP) and firefly luciferase (pshRNA-luc) were designed and inserted into a eukaryotic transcriptional vector pTZU6+1, respectively. The shRNA expressing vectors were co-transfected with plasmids containing the target gene with or without P19. The GFP expression level was assayed by fluorescence microscopy, Western blotting and RT-PCR. The luciferase expression level was analyzed by the dual-luciferase assay system. pshRNA designed in this study down-regulated the target gene specifically and efficiently, with a decrease of expression of both genes of about 70%, respectively. When P19 was introduced into the RNAi systems, the expression of both GFP and the luciferase were mostly recovered compared with the control groups. The RNAi systems of GFP and luciferase were constructed successfully, demonstrating that P19 of tomato bushy stunt virus has the ability to counteract the RNAi effect induced by shRNA in mammal cells.