Objective To discuss the effects and mechanisms of tetramethylpyrazine(TMP)on learning and memory abilities of Alzheimer's disease(AD)mice.Methods The animal models of AD were induced by aluminium trichloride(AlCl3)intragasticly for forty days.Then,TMP was intragastricly administered for twenty days.The escape latency of the mice in water maze test was recorded;and AChE and SOD activities and MDA levels in the brain were detected by chemical eoiorimetrie method.The expressions of At3 and NF-κB in the cerebral cortex were measured by immunohistochemistry method.Results 1)TMP has markedly decreased escape latency in AlCl3 induced AD mice(P＜0.05).2)In the brain of AlCl3 induced AD mice,TMP reduced AChE activity 19%[(1.37±0.13)U·mgpro-1vs(1.69±0.27)U·mgprot-1,P=0.016],decreased MDA levels 34% [(43.63 4-13.27)nmol·mgprot-1 vs(28.59±8.52)nmol·mgprot-1,P=0.023]and increased SODD activity 39%[(55.81±10.25)U·mgprot-1 vs(40.04±13.06)U·mgprot-1,P=0.026],respectively.These resuits showed significant difference with model mice group(P＜0.05).3)TMP also decreased AB and NF-κB expressions in the cerebral cortex of AD mice models(P＜0.05).Conclusion In AlCl3 induced AD mice,TMP can remarkably enhance the learning and memory abilities,presumably in relation to raise the activity of SOD,reduce the activity of AChE,the levels of MDA and the expressions of AB and NF-κB in the brain.

Aim ToinvestigatetheeffectsofmiRNA-181 a on breast cancer resistance protein ( BCRP ) . Methods Bioinformaticspredictedbindingsitesof BCRP mRNA-3ˊUTR region and miR-181 a;further lu-ciferase reporter gene analysis confirmed that miR-181 a could combine with BCRP mRNA-3ˊUTR; qRT-PCR and Western blot detected related mRNA and protein expressionlevels.Results Comparedwithnegative transfection group, after the miR-181a mimic and PGL3-BCRP 3ˊUTR were co-transfected, luciferase ac-tivity was significantly decreased ( P <0 . 05 ) . After miR-181a mimic transfected MCF7/MX cells for 48h, compared to the negative group, the expression of miR-181 a in MCF-7/MX cells was increased ( P<0. 05 ) , BCRP mRNA, BCRP protein expression were signifi-cantly decreased ( P<0 . 05 ) , while mRNA expression and protein levels of MRP, P-gp, LRP did not change significantly ( P >0. 05 ); after transfecting miR-181 a inhibitor for 48h, compared to the negative group, the expression of miR-181 a in MCF-7 cells was reduced (P<0. 05). Meanwhile,BCRP mRNA expression and BCRP protein expression were also significantly in-creased ( P<0. 05 ) . The mRNA expression and pro-tein levels of MRP, P-gp, LRP did not change signifi-cantly(P>0.05).Conclusion miR-181acanregu-late BCRP expression by targeting the BCRP mRNA-3ˊUTR region.

A strain was separeted from the Yueqing bay using pine pollen baiting.The vegetative thallus of the separated strain is oval and unincleate.It possesses a cell wall composed of many compact layers of closely pressed scales, which can be resolved where the cell wall is disrupted.The radiating branched extensions of the thallus, the ectoplasmic net, emerges from the sagenogenetosome.Asexual reproduction is by conversion of the vegetative thallus to many biflagellate zoospores, during which tetrads of cells are formed.It was identified with Schizochytrium sp.based on the features mentioned above.

OBJECTIVETo explore treatment effect of the locking plate percutaneous external fixation to tibial fractures.

METHODSFrom July 2010 to February 2013, 8 cases with pediatric tibial fractures were treated by using unilateral locking plate percutaneous external fixation,including 6 males and 2 females with an average age of 7 years old ranging from 4 to 10. Among them, 5 cases were open fractures involving 1 case of Gustilo-Anderson type II, 3 cases of type III A, 1 case of type III B; and the other 3 cases were closed fractures involving 2 cases of AO type A3, 1 cases of type B2. The postoperative bone healing and gait impact were observed and the function was evaluated by Johner-Wruhs scores.

RESULTSAll fractures healed successfully without infection. The fracture healing time was from 3 to 6 months with an average of 3.9 months. The locking plate removal time was from 4 to 7 months with an average of 4.3 months. Among them, 7 cases were visually normal after walking with stand, 1 case of anterior tibial tendon defect affected gait. The results of Johner-Wruhs assessment were excellent in 7 cases, good in 1 case. No rub contralateral medial calf skin wounds occurenced.

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple, stable and reliable. The fixation strength is suitable for children using locking plate percutaneous external fixation. The postoperative functional recovery was excellent and the walking gait was less affected. But the point of LCP pedicle screw should be carefully selected before installation with good skin coverage.

Bone Plates ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; External Fixators ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Male ; Tibial Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery

Objective To observe the effect of depressive disorder on ventricular remodeling and its mechanism in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rats. Methods Forty-six AMI Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham-operation (n=10), AMI (n=12), depression (n=12), neurostan by open field test, and the detection of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ag Ⅱ ), aldosterone (ALD), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) were performed, the pathological sections were observed under light and electron microscopes. Results Compared with sham-operation group, depression group had decreased values of squares crossing times, rearing times and grooming time, increased time of staying in the central square and defecation. Compared with depression group, AMI and neurostan treatment groups had increased values of squares crossing times, rearing times and grooming time,decreased time of staying in the central square and defecation (F=16. 9, 44.56, 71.79, 34.86,29. 18, P＜0.01). At the 4 week of test, the left and right ventricular relative weights (LVRW,RVRW) and thickness of interventricular septum were (1.63±0.15) mg/g, (0. 48±0. 10) mg/g and (1.75 ± 0. 38) mm in sham-operation group, the corresponding data were (2.06±0.21) mg/g,(0.62±0.10) mg/g and (2.25±0.30) mm in AMI group, (2.90±0.47) mg/g, (1.00±0.28) mg/gand (2.58±0.34) mm in depression group, (2.20±0.34) mg/g, (0.67±0.15) mg/g and (2. 25±0.23) mm in neurostan treatment group. Compared with sham-operation group, AMI, depression and neurostan groups had obviously increased values of LVRW, RVRW and thickness of interventricular septum. Compared with depression group, AMI and neurostan groups had decreased LVRW, RVRW and thickness of interventricular septum (F=6.31, 21.9, 115.7, 9.91, P＜0.05). And the depression also could aggravate edema and injury of ultrastructure in myocardial tissue. The values of AgⅡ , ALD, MDA and SOD were (1957.5±662.6) ng/L, (0.453±0.111) ng/L, (16. 00±3.03)nmol/L and (80.57 ± 7.00) U/ml in depression group, the corresponding data were (1143.8± 98.0)ng/L, (0.198±0.087) ng/L, (8.03 ± 0.44 ) nmol/L and (95.20 ± 4.87) U/ml in sham-operated group, (1407.5±255.8) ng/L, (0.295±0.027) ng/L, (11.18±4.30) nmol/L and (87.33±3.51)U/ml in AMI group, (1400.0±239.0) ng/L, (0.326±0.073) ng/L, (11.88±3.36) nmol/L and (89.13 ±0.17) U/ml in neurostan group. After 4 weeks, the values of Ag Ⅱ , ALD and MDA increased in depression group while the level of SOD reduced (F=6.58, 11.9, 11.39, 8. 82, P＜0.05). Conclusions Depressive disorder after AMI in rats can aggravate ventricular remodeling and lower the ability of antioxygen.

Objective To investigate the influence of salmeterol with fluticasone on airway inflammation of patients with acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods 40 COPD patients in the stage of acute exacerbation were randomly divided into salmeterol with fluticasone group( A group) and controll group (B group).Bronchial alveolar lavage( BAL) was performed as usual.The concentrations of IL-8 and TNF-α in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were measured by ELISA.The results were compared with that of 18 healthy volunteers.Results The levels of IL-8 and TNF-a in BALF of patients in A group(10.60 ± 1.42) μg/L, (14.80 ± 2.05) μg/Land B group( 10.77 ± 1.98) μg/L, (14.70 ± 2.03) μg/L were significantly higher than that of C group (3.40 ±0.65)μg/L, (4.67 ± 1.01) μg/L( all P <0.01) ;Before treatment,the levels of IL-8 and INF-α in BALF of A group( 10.60 ± 1.42)μg/L,(14.80 ±2.05) μg/L and B group( 10.77 ± 1.98) μg/L,(14.70 ±2.03) μg/L had no significant differences (all P > 0.05) ,and the concentrations of IL-8 and TNF-a in BALF in group A (4.39 ± 0.92)μg/L,(5.84 ±1.26) μg/L were significantly lower than that in group B(9.69 ± 1.43) μg/L, (12.88 ± 2.51) μg/L after two weeks treatment ( all P < 0.01).Conclusion Salmeterol with fluticasone could inhibit airway inflammation of COPD patients in the stage of acute exacerbation.

Air ; Chromatography, Gas ; Solvents ; Workplace

ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical features and prognostic factors of occult breast cancer. MethodsThe clinical features and prognostic factors of 62 occult breast cancer patients,who were treated in Tianjin Cancer Hospital from October 1997 to October 2011,were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe 3-year,5-year and 10-year overall survival rates of 62 cases were 87.4％,76.4％,73.2％ respectively,a median of 53 months.The 3-,5-,and 10-year overall survival rates of the patients with ＞4 positive lymph nodes are lower than that of patients with ≤4 nodes (77.8％,64.8％,38.9％ vs.90.7％,86.7％,86.7％,P =0.015 ) ;The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates of patients with primary cancer found in removed breast tissue are lower than that in those primary tumor was not found (60.0％,40.0％,40.0％ vs.92.0％,83.6％,79.2％,P =0.023).The 3-year,5-year and 10-year overall survival rates in patients with recurrence and metastasis are lower than that of patients without (63.5％,28.6％,19.0％ vs.97.1％,97.1 ％,97.1％,P =0.000). ConclusionsThe prognosis of occult breast cancer is related with the number of positive lymph node,pathology,recurrence and metastasis.

Objective To investigate the effect on electrical restitution of β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist esmolol administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the porcine ventricular fibrillation model. Method Ventricular fibrillation untreated for four minutes was induced by dynamic steady state pacing protocol in 40 healthy male pigs, in which local unipolar electrograms were recorded using one 10-electrode catheter that was sutured to the left ventrieular epicarditan. During CPR, animals were randomized into two groups to receive saline as placebo or esmolol after two standards doses of epinephrine. At postresuscitation 2-hour, six pigs were randomly selected from each group and the second VF induction was performed. Local activation-recovery intervals (ARI) restitutions and the VF inducibility between control group and esmolol group were compared. Western blotting was performed to determine cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) protein expression, and their phosphorylation status. Results No sig-nificant differences were observed at the restoration of spontaneous circulation between two groups. Higher postre-suseitation 2-hour survival rate was observed in the esmolol group. Esmolol significantly flattened ARI restitution slope, lessened regional difference of ARI restitution, decreased the VF inducibility, and alleviated RyR2 hyper-phosphorylation. Conclusions Esmolol given during CPR significantly improved postresuscitation 2-hour survival rate. Its effects on modulating electrical restitution property and intracellular calcium handling make up the most important reasons why β1-blockade significantly reduced the onset and maintenance of VF.

A 1-year-old boy developed multiple skin-colored nodules on the forehead and extremities when he was 4 months old.Physical examination revealed that his general condition was well with no hepatomegaly,splenomegaly,lymphadenectasis,testicle abnormality or gingival hypertrophy.Pathologically,the epidermis was normal,while the dermis and subcutaneous tissue were diffusely infiltrated with medium-to large-sized deformed cells,which had a small amount of cytoplasm,oval nucleus,irregular shape and fine chromatin.Some infiltrating cells had nuclear groove and nucleoli.Immunohistochemical studies showed that the tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein,CD56,CD123,CD163,CD68,Ki-67 (40％),weakly positive for CD4 (some),but negative for myeloperoxidase,CD1,CD21.Bone marrow smears showed a 24.5％ infltration by monoblasts and promonocytes.A diagnosis of monoblastic sarcoma cutis preceding acute monoblastic leukemia was made.