In this article,suggestions about how to set up basic computer courses system in medical universities are brought forward.In addition,how to give prominence to emphases after teaching reform of computer and researches and reform of teaching mode of computer courses are discussed.

This article briefly introduced the concept and classification of assistive products for persons with disability, the development of assistive products in the developed countries as well as several types of new representative assistive products.

Humans ; Liver, Artificial

Objective To investigate the effects of antisense oligonucleotide against miRNA-155 (AS-miRNA-155) on proliferation,apoptosis and invasion and migration abilities of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431. Methods AS-miRNA-155 was transfected into human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells by using LipofectamineTM 2000. Blank control without transfection and transfected with non-sense sequence were used as non-sense sequence control. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of miRNA-155 in A431 cells. Cell proliferation was analyzed using dimethyl thiazolyldiphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were studied by flow cytometry (FCM). Invasion and migration were measured by Transwell chamber assays. Results The relative expression of miRNA-155 mRNA was lower in the transfection group than that in the blank control group and the negative control group (F=634.57, P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the blank control group and the negative control group. After 72 h transfection, the survival rate was significantly lower in the transfection group than that of the blank control group and the negative control group, and the transfection rate decreased significantly by 120 h (P<0.05). Cells of G0/G1 phase increased, Cells of S phase reduced, the overall PI value decreased in transfection group, and the apoptosis rate of A431 cells, migration and invasion of cells increased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in G2/M cycle between transfection group, blank control group and negative control group. There were no significant differences in A431 cell apoptosis rate, cell migration and invasive ability between blank control group and negative control group. Conclusion Antisense oligonucleotide against miRNA-155 can inhibit the expression of miRNA-155, the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells, which indicates that miRNA-155 may become a new target for the regulation of gene expression in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To analyze the condition assessment value of cystatin C (CysC) for children with acute kidney injury .Methods 93 cases admitted to acute kidney injury (AKI) in our department from January 2012 to January 2014 ,according to the AKI stag‐ing ,they were divided into AKI1 group ,AKI2 group and AKI3 group .Meanwhile 33 cases of healthy children for concomitant medi‐cal were chosen as a control group .The serum creatinine (SCr) ,blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ,Cys C ,glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ rates) were compared in four groups .Analysis of serum Cys C in patients with AKI SCr ,BUN ,GFR and APACHEⅡ score correlation .Compare AKI children SCr ,GFR ,APACHEⅡ and mortality compare different cystatin C levels .Results The SCr ,BUN ,CysC ,GFR and APACHEⅡ scores were significantly differ‐ent in the control group ,AKI1 group ,AKI2 group and AKI3 group ,SCr ,BUN ,CysC ,GFR and aggravation APACHEⅡ score with AKI gradually rise(P<0 .01) .In AKI1 group ,AKI2 group and serum Cys C AKI3 group ,SCr ,BUN and APACHEⅡ scores were positively(P<0 .05) ,but correlated with GFR were negative correlation(P<0 .05) .CysC levels <1 .50 ,1 .50 -2 .00 and>2 .00 SCr ,APACHEⅡ and mortality gradually increased ,with statistically significant difference(P<0 .01);GFR decreased ,with a sig‐nificant difference(P<0 .01) .Conclusion AKI children with elevated serum Cys C prompt with impaired renal function ,serum Cys C and at the same time there is a positive correlation APACHEⅡ score ,which could be used as indicators to assess the severity of illness of children AKI .

Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector of Notch1intracellular domain,p3XFLAG?CMV7?NICD1,so as to prepare for the further research and exploration of effect of Notch1 on promoting epithelial?mesenchymal transition of human lens epithelial cells. Methods The cDNA fragment was reversely transcribed by RT?PCR from total RNA extracted from the SRA01/04 cells and was encoded with the specific am?plification?targeted NICD1was obtained from the SRA01/04 cells,then the cDNA fragment was inserted into p3XFLAG?CMV7 to transcribe Esche?richia coli DH5α. And the recombinant plasmid was extracted after bacterial screening by LB plating medium and confirmed by the restriction endo?nuclease digestion and DNA sequencing. Results The target gene obtained had the same molecular size as predicted. It was indicated that recom?bined p3XFLAG?CMV7 plasmid contained correct recombinant human Notch1 sequences and p3XFLAG?CMV7?NICD1 was constructed success?fully. The western blotting showed protein NICD1 expressed in SRA01/04 cells transfected with p3XFLAG?CMV7?NICD1. Conclusion The suc?cessful construction of p3XFLAG?CMV7?NICD1 will provide a foundation for a further study studies in on the effect relationship of Notch signaling pathway and in posterior capsular opacification(PCO)after cataract extraction.

Studies on theory and clinic of massage in treating lumbar disc herniation were usually done fome aspects of traditional meridians and acupoints theory or modern biomechanics theory,few was down on basis of the guidance of musculature theory for massage in treating lumbar disc herniation.In fact,it was used generally by civilian doctors and minor ethnic doctors in clinic.So,this article discussed the guidance of musculature theory for massage in treating lumbar disc herniation from following aspects:basic concept of musculature theory,the understanding on etiopathogenisis and pathogenesis of lumbar disc herniation in musculature theory,the selection of massage location and manipulation maneuver,etc.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the bacterial distribution and the extent of drug resistance in lower respiratory tract disease among aged people.METHODS From Jan 2006 to Dec 2006 we collected 304 sputum samples of the old patients who were diagnosed lower respiratory tract infection,bacterial distribution and antibiotic resistance of 178 strains of the pathogens were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS The most common four kinds of Gram-negative bacilli were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii.For above bacteria,the ratio of the resistance to ampicillin,cefazolin and compound sulfamethoxazole was over 40%.The isolating rate of ESBLs-producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae was 29.8%.CONCLUSIONS Monitoring the common bacteria and ESBLs bacteria precisely can provide therapy,guide to early cure and control lower respiratory tract infection of aged patients effectively.

The antimicrobial abuse has become an indisputable fact as well as a global public health concern.At the 2016 G20 summit in Hangzhou,the issue of antimicrobial resistance was also put on the agenda of world leaders.This paper analyzed the status quo of global antimicrobial resistance.With reference to the report Tackling drug-resistant infections globally: final report and recommendation written by British Lord Jim O′Nell published in May 2016,the main influencing factors of antimicrobial resistance were described.In addition,this paper proposed countermeasures for antimicrobial resistance,including carrying out large-scale promotional activities,improving global public health conditions,reducing antimicrobial use in agriculture,strengthening the global surveillance of antimicrobial resistance,developing new treatment products for infectious diseases,and building a new pattern of global response.

Objective To analyse pathogens distribution and antibacterial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from clinical speci‐mens in neurosurgery ,in order to provide laboratory basis for rational use of antibacterial agents .Methods Isolation and culturing of bacteria were carried out in various clinical samples collected in neurosurgery from January 2012 to September 2012 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University ,all strains were identified by using automatic microbial analyzer ,and the sensitivi‐ties to antibacterial agents were verified by using instrument method and K‐B method .WHONET5 .6 software was used for data a‐nalysis .Results A total of 1 319 strains of non‐repeating pathogenic bacteria were isolated ,including 482 strains (36 .6% ) of gram‐positive bacteria ,797 strains (60 .4% ) of gram‐negative bacteria ,and 40 strains (3 .0% ) of fungi .Most of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from sputum ,cerebrospinal fluid ,urine and blood specimens ,and the most common isolates were Staphylococcus aureus , Acinetobacter baumannii ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli .Isolated gram‐positive bacteria and gram‐negative bacteria were resistant to antibacterial agents in different degree .The sensitivity rate was 100 .0% only in linezolid and vancomycin against Staphylococcus aureus .The resistant rates of carbapenems against Acinetobacter baumannii were higher than 80 .0% ,and carbapenems‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains had also appeared .Carbapenems‐resistant Escherichia coli strains had not yet been found .The sensitive rate of Piperacillin‐Tazobactam against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was above 90 .0% . Conclusion Gram‐negative bacteria is the predominant pathogen infecting patients in neurosurgery ,w hile Staphylococcus aureus are the most common isolates .For the increase of multiple drug‐resistant and pan‐drug‐resistant bacteria ,clinical rational use of antibac‐terial agents for anti‐infection treatment may be very important .