Objective The purpose of this study is to compare the most comfortable levels and neural re-sponse imaging threshold between children of cochlear implants with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and normal inner ears. Methods Thirty-eight implanted children participated in this study and were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 32 patients with normal inner ears and group B 6 patients with radiographically proven large vestibular aqueduct syndrome. All of the patients were the recipients of the cochlear implants by Advanced Bionics. The initial time for the first programming session was approximately one month after surgery. The psychophysical tests included M- level tests. Programming techniques used in the test were suitable for the age of patients. Sound-Wave 1.4 software was used to test tNRI. Results Using the rank sum test, M-level and tNRI of electrode 3,7,11 and 15 did not differ significantly between group A and B(P>0. 05). Conclusion The parameters of mapping are not significantly different between the implanted children with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and normal inner ear. The management and procedures of mapping used to the subjects with normal inner ear can be applied to the children with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of SalB on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) apoptosis induced by hypoxia and serum deprivation (hypoxia/SD) in the vitro. Methods BMSCs were cultured in the vitro and randomly divided into control group, hypoxia/SD group and SalB group.SalB group was composed by four groups and were pretreated by complete medium with 0.1、 1、 10、 100 mg/L SalB for 1 hour. And after that they were washed with phosphate buffer for 2 times, added by IMDM with 0.1、1、 10、 100 mg/L SalB and cultured with hypoxia/SD group together in the same condition of hypoxia/SD for 6hours. The control group was cultured for 6 hours in the condition of aerobic and enough serum. Apoptosis was detected by Hoechst33342 staining with inverted phase contrast, fluorescence microscope and Annexin V/PI dual-color flow cytometry. Results Significant apoptosis of BMSCs was induced by hypoxia/SD in the vitro.The early apoptosis of BMSCs induced by hypoxia/SD was significantly decreased by SalB of 0.1、 1、 10 mg/L(P＜0.05) . Conclusion0.1、 1、 10 mg/L SalB can decrease the early apoptosis of BMSCs induced by hypoxia/SD.

Objective To investigate the factors affecting pulse transit time during anesthesia. Methods Sixty cases of gastrointestinal surgery under general anesthesia were investigated.The pulse transit time (PTT),BP and HR were measured at the time before and after intravenous anes-thesia induction,and at the time before and after the injection of vasoactive drugs,respectively. Results Compared to at the time before injection,HR,SBP and DBP increased significantly,and PTT decreased significantly (P <0.01 )at the time after injection of atropine and ephedrine.Com-pared to at the time before injection,HR and PTT increased significantly,while SBP and DBP de-creased significantly (P < 0.01 )at the time after injection of nicardipine.While HR and PTT de-creased significantly,and SBP,DBP increased significantly (P <0.01 )with the injection of pheny-lephrine.Obvious negative correlation between SBP and PTT was observed before and after induc-tion;meanwhile,only weak correlation between DBP and PTT was observed,and no obvious correla-tion between HR and PTT was detected.SBP and PTT were well negatively correlated with the injec-tion of atropine,ephedrine,nicardipine or phenylephrine.Conclusion All the PTT changes during anesthesia were found to be negatively correlated with the systolic blood pressure.

Objective: To observe effects of Yiangxuefukang Granules on the contractile function of uterine smooth muscles. Methods: Both the uteri of Sprague Dawley rats within 4～6 days postpartum and the uteri isolated from women of caesarean operation were used to study the effects of Yiangxuefukang Granules on the contractile amplitude, frequency and vitality of uterine smooth muscles. Results: The Granules significantly increased the contractile amplitude, frequency and vitality of both rat uterine smooth muscless in vivo and human uterine strips isolated.Conclusion: The Granules can be used in the treatment of the postpartum hemorrhage and the poor uterine involution caused mainly by lacking in the strength of uterine contraction.

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Humans

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of NB09 (China Pediatric Neuroblastoma cooperative group 09) protocol on children with high-risk and ultra-high risk neuroblastoma. Methods The clinical and follow-up data of pa?tients who suffered from high-risk (n=7) and ultra-high risk (n=31) neuroblastomas and admitted in Tumor hospital of Tian?jin Medical University between January 2009 to January 2013 were retrospectively reviewed (27 boys and 11 girls). The age at diagnosis was 19-160 months (median age was 36.5 months). In the high risk group, patients were evaluated and operated after 4 to 6 circles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In ultra-high risk group, patient received chemotherapy before and after op?eration, then autologous stem cell transplantation and tumor bed radiotherapy. After chemotherapy, retinoic acid treatment was given to patients in ultra high risk group as in high risk group. Results At the end of treatment, 25 patients achieved complete remission; 5 patients achieved partial remission; 3 patients were in stable disease;5 patients were deteriorating in their conditions which lead to 2 deaths. In total, the response rate reaches upto 86.8%. By the end of follow up, 15 patients had a disease-free-survival, 9 patients survived with tumor, 7 died from recurrence and 7 died from deteriorating conditions. Survival time ranged from 6 to 52 months (median survival 25.5 months). The 1-, 2- and 3-year overall survival were 91.7%, 64.5%and 57.3%respectively. Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-rank test showed no statistical significance between high risk and ultra-high risk neuroblastomas. Conclusion The outcome of NB09 protocol for high risk and ultra-high risk neuroblastoma was preliminary affirmed. It is worthy of further clinical verification.

Objective To explore the association between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation subtypes and the prognosis of brain metastasis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 256 patients who were admitted to our hospital and confirmed with brain metastases of lung adenocarcinoma by EGFR mutation detection from 2010 to 2015.The prognostic factors for brain metastases were analyzed.The survival rate was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed by the log-rank test.The univariate and multivariate prognostic analyses were performed by the log-rank test and the Cox proportional hazards model.Results The median survival time was 10.13 months in all patients.The univariate analysis showed that sex,EGFR mutation status,exon 19 deletion,the Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score of brain metastases,and targeted therapy were prognostic predictors (P=0.006,0.001,0.010,0.000,0.003).The multivariate analysis showed that the KPS score and exon 19 deletion were prognostic factors for brain metastases (P=O.000,0.045).When grouped into the recursive partitioning analysis classes,all the patients were split into three subgroups with significantly different prognosis (P =0.000).Conclusions Exon 19 deletion is a prognostic predictor of brain metastases in patieuts with lung adenocarcinoma,which can be integrated into the prognosis scoring system for brain metastases of lung adenocarcinoma.EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors improve the survival in patients with brain metastases of lung adenocarcinoma and EGFR mutation,particularly,in those with exon 19 deletion.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic yield and safety of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) under virtual bronchoscopic navigation (Direct Path), endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (GS) and rapid on-site evaluation using an ultrathin bronchoscopy (UNRE) for bacterial infection located in the peripheral third of the lung field. Methods Ninety-seven patients with bacterial infection, which located in the peripheral third of the lung field on CT images, were ran-domly assigned to UNRE (n=49) or non-UNRE (NUNRE, n=48) groups, who were treated in General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between April 1, 2014 and March 31, 2015. The TBLB guided by UNRE was performed in two groups. The diagnostic yield, safety and complication rate were compared between two groups. Moreover, the differences of autofluo-rescence intensity of alveolar macrophage in alveolar lavage fluid were compared between two groups of patients. Results The diagnostic yield was significantly higher in UNRE group than that of NUNRE group (81.6% vs 56.2%, χ2=7.313, P <0.01). The diagnostic yield was higher in UNRE group with bronchus sign compared to that of NUNRE. All patients had a mild bleeding at the time of biopsy. There were no hemoptysis, pneumothorax or other serious complications. The autofluores-cence intensity of alveolar macrophage was different in different levels of infection in patients. Conclusion The procedure of UNRE has higher diagnostic rate and fewer complications. The careful selection of suitable cases can further improve the diagnostic accuracy. The autofluorescence intensity of alveolar macrophage in alveolar lavage fluid indicates the severity of infection in patients.

This article was aimed to explore the effect of acupuncture on HDAC2 activity in peripheral blood of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rats. The COPD rat model was established by cigarette smoking. Acupuncture was given for 3 consecutive weeks. The lung ventilation of rat was detected by equipment. Peripheral blood of rat was taken after 3 weeks. The HDAC2 enzyme activity was detected by fluorescence technology. ELISA was used in the detection of IL-10, IL-8 and TNF-αexpression in peripheral blood. The results showed that after acupuncture treatment, the lung ventilation was obviously increased compared with the model group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the HDAC2 activity in the peripheral blood of rat was obviously increased (P < 0.05). However, the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-10, IL-8 and TNF-α was obviously reduced (P < 0.05). It was concluded that acupuncture treatment had a good efficacy on COPD rat. It indicated that acupuncture treatment might regulate HDAC2 activity to reduce inflammation.

Objective To evaluate the correlation of ADC values on 3.0 T MR with the pathological grades in pT1b clear cell renal cell carcinoma(CCRCC).Methods Conventional MR images,ADC values and Fuhrman pathological grading of pT1b CCRCC were performed in 30 patients.Grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ were defined as low-grade group; grade Ⅲ and IV were defined as high-grade group.The differences of ADC values among four different pathologic grades were compared with a one-way analysis of variance. The comparison of ADC values of two different grade groups was performed with t test,and the ROC curve was performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of ADC value. Correlation between pathological gradings and ADC values was assessed with Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results ( 1 ) The mean ADC value of grading Ⅰ ( 10 patients ), Ⅱ ( 8 patients ),Ⅲ ( 7 patients ),IV ( 5 patients ) was ( 0.94 ± 0.11 ) ×10-3 mm2/s,(0.82 ±0.13) × 10-3 mm2/s,(0.68 ±0.09) × 10-3 mm2/s,(0.59 ±0.03) × 10-3 mm2/s,respectively.Significant differences of ADC values among the four grades were present (F =16.422,P =0.000 ).( 2 ) The mean ADC value of the low-grade group was significantly higher than that of the high-grade group(t =5.738,P =0.000).Sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing the low-grade group was 88.9％ and 83.3％ respectively.There was a negative correlation between pathological grading and ADC value ( r =-0.807,P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions The ADC values of pT1b CCRCC have close correlation with pathological gradings.They can be used to predict the degree of tumor malignancy preoperatively and guide surgical planning.