OBJECTIVE To strengthen the cleaning and disinfection management for endoscope to fulfil the specification.METHODS The management of cleaning and disinfection of the endoscopes were to be improved by methods of education,inspection,condition improvement and perfect institution.RESULTS The endoscopes which were disinfected were all reached the standards.CONCLUSIONS It is important to strengthen the cleaning and disinfection management for endoscopes.

Lymphoma is a malignancy of mature lymphocytes. Signalling through the B cell receptor ( BCR ) is central to the development and maintenance of B cells. In light of the numer-ous proliferative and survival pathways activated downstream of the BCR, it comes as no surprise that malignant B cells would co-opt this receptor to promote their own growth and survival. Compounds that inhibit various components of this pathway, in-cluding spleen tyrosine kinase(Syk), Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk), and phosphoinositol-3 kinase(PI3K), have been devel-oped. In this paper,the B-cell receptor signaling and its targeted inhibitors of lymphoid malignancies are reviewed.

Asthma is a common disease with recurrent onset which severely affects patients' quality of life.Acupuncture can improve pulmonary functions in asthma patients and thus treat this disorder.To summarize the status of acupuncture treatment for asthma,we have collected clinical literatures published in the recent 10 years and analyzed the influence of acupuncture on pulmonary functions in asthma patients from the aspects of frequently used points,needling techniques,manipulation and mechanisms to provide references for treating asthma with acupuncture.

OBJECTIVE To strengthen occupational safety and health(OSH) management of medical service. METHODS To analyze actuality of OSH management and internal and international laws and regulations for OSH management,and give the proposition of its construction. RESULTS On the basis of the requirement,a set of OSH management scheme was established. CONCLUSIONS It is imperative that construct occupational safety and health management laws and regulations and system in medical service.They are pacing factors for physical and mental health of medical members.

OBJECTIVE To select applicable air disinfectors that can be used at indoor dynamic state to disinfect air in hospital.METHODS Some different air disinfectors were installed different volumetric rooms.To detect indoor air bacterial content before and after running the air disinfectors at quiet state and dynamic state.To evaluate the disinfection effect of these air disinfectors according to the eliminateion rates.RESULTS At quiet state,the indoor bacteria eliminateion rate exceed 90% after the air disinfectors running 0.5h.So the disinfection were qualified.At dynamic state,these air disinfectors showed good lasting disinfection effect.CONCLUSIONS The air disinfectors solve the problem of indoor air disinfection at dynamic state.It is imperative that select and use exactly the air(disinfectors) to get good disinfection effect.

Objective To evaluate the risk of plague occurrence via surveying and analyzing indoor rat density and flea index in natural villages having previous plague experience. Methods During August to September 2007, 30 natural villages experiencing previous plague were selected based on the surveillance data, and then all households were coded with numbers and 20 households in each village were randomly selected via computer. Cages and sticky papers were set in 600 selected households to capture rats and fleas. Rat density, flea prevalence, flea index and median were estimated. Results One hundred thirty-three Rattus flavipectus and 33 Suncus murinus were caught and averaged rat density was 2.8 rats per one hundred cage. nights (166/6000), the median was 5 rats each village. One hundred and one mice infected fleas, flea prevalence on rats was 60.8% (101/166), 296 Xenopsylla cheopis and 48 Leptopsylla segnis were collected. Rat flea index was 2.1 fleas per rat (344/166). A total of 315 dissociated flea was caught, average dissociated flea index was 0.026 fleas per sticky paper (315/11888). The median was 5.5 dissociated fleas per village. Of dissociated fleas, Ctenocephalides felis felis (205) and Xenopsylla cheopis (103) accounted for 97.8% (308/315). The proportion for species of the rat flea and the dissociated flea was different(Fisher test: P < 0.01). The rat flea was significantly associated with the rat density(r = 0.68, P < 0.01), but the dissociated flea was significantly associated with neither the rat density(r = -yield than fried wheat batter(χ2 = 5.59, P < 0.05). Conclusions In these villages having previous plague experience of Lianghe County, Rattusflavipectus was dominant species of indoor rats, Xenopsylla cheopis and Ctenocephalides felis felis were dominant species of rat flea and dissociated flea, respectively. Mengsong, Bangdu, and Tangjiatun village had potential risk of plague emergence.

Objective To explore the value of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) for the assessment of chronic renal injury. Methods Thirty-nine patients with clinical diagnosis of chronic renal injury (RI group) who underwent routine renal MRI and SWI examination were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into mild injured group (15 cases) and moderate to severe injured group (24 cases) by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). At the same time, 17 volunteers without chronic renal injury who had normal serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen were recruited as control group. All subjects underwent routine renal MRI and SWI examination. The ratios of cortex to medulla were measured and calculated in both kidneys' magnitude image and susceptibility weighted image, which were indicated as C/MMAG and C/MSWI. Independent sample t test was used to compare the differences of C/MMAG and C/MSWI between control group and RI group, and paired sample t test was used to compare the differences betweenC/MMAG and C/MSWI in each group. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the difference of C/MMAG and C/MSWI between the control group and the different RI groups. ROC was employed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of C/MMAG and C/MSWI in renal injury. Pearson linear correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between C/MMAG, C/MSWI and eGFR, Scr in patients with renal injury. Results The C/MMAG and C/MSWI in the RI group were 1.101±0.039 and 1.071±0.046, respectively. C/MSWI was obviously lower than C/MMAG, and the difference was statistically significant (t=5.056, P<0.01). There was no significant difference between C/MMAG and C/MSWI in the control group (P>0.05). The C/MMAG and C/MSWI in the RI group were obviously lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.564, 6.122;P<0.01).The C/MMAG and C/MSWI in the mild injured group and the moderate to severe injured group were significantly lower than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). While the differences of those between mild injured group and moderate to severe injured group showed no statistical significance (P>0.05). The area under ROC of C/MMAG and C/MSWI in diagnosis of renal injury were 0.853 and 0.952, respectively. C/MMAG was positively correlated with eGFR (r=0.460,P<0.01). Conclusions Susceptibility-weighted imaging can be used to assess chronic renal injury. Although it cannot reflect the degree of renal function damage, it has some value in the early diagnosis of mild renal injury.

Chlorogenic acid displays several important roles in the therapeutic properties of many herbs, such as antioxidant activity, antibacterial, antiviral, scavenging free radicals and exciting central nervous system. Only about one-third of chlorogenic acid was absorbed in its prototype, therefore, its gut metabolites play a more important role in the therapeutic properties of chlorogenic acid. It is necessary to consider not only the bioactivities of chlorogenic acid but also its gut metabolites. This review focuses on the potential activities and mechanisms of chlorogenic acid and its gut metabolites on central nervous system diseases.
Animals ; Central Nervous System Diseases ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Chlorogenic Acid ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intestines ; drug effects ; metabolism

Bacterial disinfectant resistance is the phenomenon that minimal inhibitory concentration or minimal bactericidal concentration of a certain disinfectant increases after a certain bacterium contacts with it many times. It exists widespread. Many species of bacteria are may resistant to a certain disinfectant, and a species of bacterium is may resistant to many disinfectant Disinfectant selectivity pressure is the extrinsic agent of bacterial disinfectant resistance. Resistance mechanisms include bacterial biochemistry structure, genetics pathway and enzymology pathway. There is relationship in disinfectant resistance and drug resistance. We should strengthen study and monitoring, enact unified standard and application specification to reduce bacterial disinfectant resistance.

Objective To investigate the effects of metabolic syndrome(MS)on the structure and function of artery in patients with essential hypertension(EH).Methods One hundred forty-eight patients with EH were classified as EH with MS(EH+MS)or EH alone and healthy subjects(n=30)as control.Carotid intima-media thickness(IMT),brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation(FMD)and non-flow-mediated vasodilation(NMD)were measured by Dopple ultrasonography.Results Carotid IMT(EH+MS:1.0?0.3 vs EH:0.8?0.2 vs control: 0.5?0.1 mm)and hsCRP(EH+MS:0.9?0.4 vs EH:0.7?0.3 vs control:0.4?0.2 mg/L)were significantly higher in EH+MS patients than that in EH+nonMS patients and control subjects(P all