The relationship between hyperlactatemia and metabolic acidosis, which may involve shock resuscitation,homoiostasis, and nutritional support, remains a hot topic. On one hand, increased production of lac-tate due to anaerobic glycolysis during tissue hypoperfusion can aggravate metabolic acidosis; on the other hand,the utilization of lactate at organ and cell levels may lower blood lactate level, and thus alleviate metabolic acidosis.The ultimate blood lactate level depends on the balance of these two action mechanisms.

Automated body fluid cytology analysis has been accepted by clinical laboratories gradually.The improvement of efficacy and analytical precision can overcome some defects of traditional manual method,such as time-consuming and poor repeatability.To make use of the advantages of automated fluid cell analysis technology,the automated method and microscopic method must be combined by setting review rules.Meanwhile,more attentions must be paied to sample collection and specimen preservation at pre-analytical stage,verification of instrument performance at analytical stage and necessary clinical communication at post-analytical stage.Only if a complete system of quality management,standardization of procedures,result validation and interpretation is implemented in the routine work,the clinical significance of body fluid cytological analysis can be recognized in clinical practice.

AIM:To study the main chemical components of traditional Tibetan medicine Pazhu Capsule(Calcitum,Fructus Chebulae,Semen Granati,Fructus Piperis,Fructus Piperis Longi,etc.) in the treatment of gastropathy. METHODS: The soluble components of Pazhu Capsule were extracted by supercritical-CO_2 fluid.The components were measured by GC-MS and the relative amount of them were determined by peak area normalization.(RESULTS:)22 components were identified.The main components were piperine(44.2%),9,12-Octadecadienoic acid(z,z)(21.1%),Azuleno[45-b] furan-2(3H)-one,3a,4,6a,7,8,9,9a,9b-octahydro-6-methyl-3,9-bis(methylene)-,[3as-(3a.alpha.,9a.alpha.,9b.beta.)](10.55%),n-Hexadecanoic acid(4.8%) and 2(3H)-Benzofuranone,6-ethenylhexahydro-6-methyl(33.5%).CONCLUSION: The main components of the Tibetan medicine Pazhu Capsule are piperine and 9,12-Ocatadecadienoic acid,both contents are up to 65.3% of the total extracts.

Objective To investigate the role of ephrin A genes in the development of oxygen-induced retinal neovascularization (OIR) in mice. Methods The OIR model was established by oxygen induction in new born C57BL/6J mice. Reversed transcript - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure the expression levels of ephrin A1-A5 in retinas of mice in experimental and normal control group. Results All of the ephrin A family genes expressed in normal retinas. Ephrin A1 mRNA was significantly higher in OIR group (t= 3.19, P = 0. 019); ephrin A2 mRN A was higher in the 15-day-old OIR retinas (t= 3. 71,P=0. 033) ; ephrin A3-A5 mRNA decreased or disappeared in 12- and 13-day-old RNV mice, and increased in 15-day-old OIR mice. Conclusion Ephrin A genes are involved in the development of retina and OIR.

The paper analyzes current situation of the non -medical majors and literature information retrieval course in Traditional Chinese Medicine ( TCM) colleges and universities , points out the course reform objectives and key points .By taking Liaoning Universi-ty of Traditional Chinese Medicine as an example , it discusses the characteristics of non -medical majors and needs for the literature in-formation retrieval course , and proposes the teaching approach of literature information retrieval course for non -medical majors in TCM colleges and universities .

Objective To analyze the CT imaging features of pulmonary sclerosing haemangioma(PSH),so as to improve the level of the diagnosis of this disease.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the Multi-slice spiral computed tomography(MSCT) imaging data of 13 cases of PSH with who confirmed by surgical pathology,all cases were performed CT with non-enhanced scaning and enhanced.Results 13 patients' average age was 42 years old,including 10 female,accounted for 76.92％ (10/13).All the nodules or masses of the 13 cases were single,long diameter was 0.6-5.0cm,all tumors presented as round or oval shaped,clear boundary.1 case with calcifications in 13 cases,2 cases with air meniscus sign,and 2 cases with halo sign around.Contrast-enhanced:10 cases were enhanced homogeneously,3 cases were enhanced heterogeneously and with vessel marginating sign,1 case of lymph node was enlargement in mediastinal.Conclusion PSH mainly more shows at middle-aged women,it has relative characteristic of CT imaging within non-enhanced scaning and enhanced.Therefore,a comprehensive analysis of these CT features can help to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.

BACKGROUND:Effects of pedicle screw placement on fracture reduction or stability of mechanics are influenced by various factors. Pedicle screw fixation failure is mainly due to fracture, loosening and fatigue. The main influential factors for biomechanical stability of pedicle screw are length and diameter. The research on the depth is less. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the relationship between pedicle screw placement depth of vertebral body and the fixed stability based on the biomechanics. METHODS: A model of single vertebral compression fractures was made in 15 pigs aged 5 months on L2 vertebral specimen. According to the length of anteroposterior diameter, vertebral pedicle screws were inserted in different depths (80%, 90% and 100% of anteroposterior diameter). After fixation, specimens were loaded 10 000 times at the frequency of 0.5 Hz (340±125) N on a WDT-10KN type universal material testing machine. Ranges of motion at anteflexion, backward extension, left bending and right bending and the maximum axial pulout force were measured in each group, and the difference of intergroup data was compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Ranges of motion at anteflexion, backward extension, left bending and right bending in each group were significantly smaler in the 100% and 90% groups than in the 80% group (P < 0.05), and above parameters were smaler in the 100% group than in the 90% group (P< 0.05). (2) After fatigue test, the maximum axial pulout force was significantly larger in the 100% and 90% groups than in the 80% group (P< 0.05), and above data were significantly larger in the 100% group than in the 90% group (P < 0.05). (3) Results indicate that the depth into the vertebral body was significantly associated with its fixed stability. The deeper the depth into the vertebral body, the stronger the vertebral stability was: 100% group > 90% group > 80% group.

Objective To discuss the relationships of the genotype of cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) gene and and clopidogrel responsiveness.Methods The study enrolled 110 patients with acute myocardial infarction who were treated with clopidogrel in Tiantan Hospital of Beijing from November 2012 to May 2014.Patients were treated by aspirin and clopidogrel.CYP2C19 polymorphisms were detected by genotype testing kits.Platelet inhibition rates were measured by thrombelastography to represent the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel.The platelet inhibition rates of clopidogrel were compared among different genotypes.Results Compared with carriers of CYP2C19 * 2 or * 3 reduced-function allele,CYP2C19 * 1 wild type had higher platelet inhibition rate of clopidogrel ((35.73 ± 19.29)％ vs.(48.30± 20.84)％),and the difference was significant(t =3.264,P＜0.05).There was no difference between intermediate metabolizer((35.72± 19.27)％) and poor metabolizer((35.75±19.89)％;P＞0.05).The frequency of wild-type homozygotes CYP2C19 * 1/* 1 was higher in responders than in low responders(frequency of low reaction group CYP2C19 * 1/* 1 14 cases (40.0％),* 1/.2 10 cases(28.6％),* 1/* 3 4 cases(11.4％),* 2/* 2 5 cases(14.3％),* 2/* 3 2 cases (5.7％),frequency of reaction group were 45 cases (60.0％),15 cases (20.0％),4 cases (5.3 ％),7 cases (9.3％),4 cases(5.3％);x2 =3.838,P =0.05).Conclusion Polymorphism of gene CYP2C19 is associated with different responses to clopidogrel.CYP2C19 * 2/ * 3 reduced-function allele is associated with low response to clopidogrel.

Regulatory T cells are a specialized subpopulation of T lymphocytes that play important roles in immunosuppression, maintaining immune balance and self-immune tolerance. The latest researches show that not only that FOXP3 + CD25+ CD4 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) are expressed in tumor tissues and peripheral blood of patients of various forms of cancers, Tregs also participate in the occurrence, development and prognosis of tumors.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expressions ofβ-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta(GSK-3β) proteins in the gastric carcinomas and to elucidate their clinical significance.Methods The expressions of β-catenin and GSK3-β proteins were analyzed with immunohistochemistry staining of gastric tissue array in the normal gastric mucosa (n =48),paracancerous tissues ( n =24),and primary cancer tissues ( n =48).ResultsThe positive expression rate ofβ-catenin and GSK-3β in gastric carcinomas was 66.7％ and 35.4％,respectively,and β-catenin protein expression in carcinomas was higher than normal and paracancerous tissues ( x2 =65.455,P ＜ 0.05 ).The expression of β-catenin was correlated with cell differential degree,pTNM stage,histological type,lymph node memtastasis,and nerve invasion,respectively ( x2 =4.713,8.242,13.662,11.658,4.550,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).The positive expression rate of GSK3βin carcinomas was lower than normal and paracancerous tissues ( x2 =26.968,P ＜ 0.05).The expression of GSK-3β was correlated with cell differential degree,histological type,and lymph node metastasis,respectively (x2 =3.868,9.665,9.872,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).The expression of β-catenin was negatively correlated with the expression of GSK-3βprotein in the gastric carcinoma tissues ( r =-0.493,P =0.001 ).ConclusionsGSK3-β and β-catenin might play important roles in the progression,differentiation,infiltration,lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma,and might be the indicators for diagnosis of a gastric carcinoma.