Objective To investigate the role of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on transforming growth factor - ?1 (TGF - ?1 )of asthmatic remodeling model Methods One hundred and eight guinea pigs were divided into 3 groups randomly and equally: asthmatic group( A), therapeutic group(B), control group(C) Three groups were treated by ovalbumin, budesonide, normal saline respectively The lung tissue specimens were collected after the guinea pigs were killed; the expression of TGF- ?1 was determined Results The expressions of TGF-?1 in A, K and C groups were(41 83 ? 10. 45) %, (27. 22 ? 8. 09)% , (15. 36 ? 2. 64)% respectively at 12 weeks. It was statistically significant( P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Yimucao (Herba leonuri) injection against experimental cerebral ischemia.

METHODSMouse models of cerebral ischemia induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion or potassium cyanide and rat models of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were established to evaluate the protective effect of Yimucao injection by measuring the changes in cerebral malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after the injections.

RESULTSYimucao injection significantly lowered the cerebral index of mice with cerebral ischemia, prolonged the survival time of mice poisoned with potassium cyanide, resulting also in significantly decreased MDA content and increased activities of SOD and LDH in the brain tissue of rats after a 10-min cerebral ischemia followed by 30 min of reperfusion.

CONCLUSIONYimucao injection provides protective effect against experimental cerebral ischemia.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mice ; Protective Agents ; administration & dosage ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the association between small,dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C)and severity of coronary atherosclerosis disease (CAD).Methods A total of 436 outpatients with suspected coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) and underwent coronary computed tomography (CT) were consecutively enrolled from July 2015 to March 2016 in Fuwai Hospital.Correlations between serum sdLDL-C and the severity of CAD including characteristics of plaque,the number of stenosed coronary vessels,the degree of stenosis were analyzed.Results sdLDL-C was positively correlated with apolipoprotein B (apoB),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),blood glucose (Glu)with the coefficient correlation 0.644,0.631,0.558,0.434 and 0.145 successively(P ＜ 0.01),and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (r =-0.241,P ＜ 0.01).sdLDL-C and apoB were the risk factors for severe CAD (triple-vessel disease and severe stenosis),independent of traditional risk factors (age,gender,hypertension,diabetes,smoking,alcohol consumption)and the use of lipidlowering agents.For the patients with triple-vessel disease,odds ratio of LDL-C,sdLDL-C and apoB were 1.936,2.673 and 31.707 respectively.For the patients with severe stenosis,LDL-C was not an independent factor,while sdLDL-C and apoB still had predictive value (odds ratio were 2.000 and 9.457 respectively).Conclusion sdLDL-C should be a predictor of severe CAD independent of traditional risk factors that may be useful for further risk stratification in the patients with CAD.

The donkey leukocyte-attenuated vaccine of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) was the first lentiviral vaccine that induced solid protection from the infection of virulent strains. To elucidate the mechanism of increased immunogenicity and attenuated virulence of the vaccine, the proviral genomic DNA of an EIAV vaccine strain, EIAV(DLV121) was analyzed and compared with the genome of a parental virulent strain EIAV(DV117). Full length viral genomic DNAs were amplified as two segments by LA-PCR and were cloned. Because of the genomic diversity of retroviral quasispecies, 10 full-length sequences of EIAV(DLV121) and 4 full-length sequences of EIAV(DV117) from randomly picked clones were analyzed. Results showed that the average length of the complete nucleotide sequence of EIAV(DLV121) was 8,236bp and EIAV(DV117) was 8,249bp, with the inter-strain diversity of 2.8%. As for individual genes between the vaccine and virulent strains, the differences in nucleotide sequence of S2, LTR and env were significantly higher than the other genes with the diversity of 4.1%, 3.7% and 3.1%, respectively. Considerable variations in deduced amino acid sequences were found in S2, S3 and env. The diversities were 10.4%, 5.6% and 4.8%, respectively. Furthermore, the LTR of EIAV(DLV121) consisted of at least 5 subtypes grouped by their nucleotide sequences. There were two additional N-linked glycosylation sites in the deduced amino acid sequence of EIAV(DV117) gp90 than that of EIAV(DLV121). Among glycosylation sites in the gp90 of virulent strain, 3 were found unique only in EIAV(DV117), of which 2 were located in the principle neutralizing domain (PND). In addition, there was one EIAV(DLV121) -specific glycosylation site, which was positioned in the PND, too. Taken together, it is clear that greatly increased genomic diversity exists in the EIAV vaccine strain, which provides important information for the further study on biological characters of the Chinese EIAV attenuated vaccine.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Equidae ; Genome, Viral ; Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; Leukocytes ; immunology ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Alignment ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; Virulence

Aim To study the effect of gender differences in C57BL / 6J mice on antigen induced Sjogren's syndrome(SS)model. Methods The submandibular gland protein of C57BL/6J female and male mice was extracted and mixed with the same amount of Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA)for the first three times, the antigen concentration was adjusted to 2.5 g·L-1, mixed with Freund's incomplete adjuvant(FIA)for the fourth time, and the same-sex mouse antigen was injected into the back of mice for a total of four times to induce the mouse SS model. The mouse SS model was induced by multi-point intradermal injection of antigen on the back of mice for four times,the body weight of female and male mice was measured every week, the general condition was observed, the saliva volume of mice was measured at the sixth week of modeling. After the mice were sacrificed, the pathological changes of submandibular gland and the changes of T and B lymphocyte subsets in spleen were detected, and the differences in SS model preparation between female and male mice were compared. Results The SS model of male and female mice was successfully established, and there was no significant difference in general condition, saliva volume, submandibular gland pathology, plasma cells and memory B cells between male and female SS mice. The success rate of SS model was 75% in female mice and 60% in male mice. Compared with normal mice of the same sex, the weight loss of female SS mice was earlier and more obvious than that of male SS mice; the submandibular gland index of male mice was significantly higher than that of female mice. Compared with normal mice of the same sex, the proportion of Th17 and Treg cells in spleen of female SS mice was more statistically significant than that of male SS mice. Conclusions The success rate of SS modeling in female mice is higher than that in male mice. Compared with male SS mice, female SS mice have more significant SS like manifestations and pathological manifestations, which can provide a reference basis for the selection of gender when establishing SS model.