Objective To estimate quantitatively the impact of the ambient PM10 on the hospital outpatients for cardiovascular diseases of local residents. Methods Time serial analysis using generalized addictive model (GAM) was applied. After controlling for those confounding factors such as long-term trend, weekly pattern and meteorological factors, considering lag effect and the influence of other air pollutants, excess relative risks (ER) of daily hospital visits associated with increasing PM10 level were estimated by fitting a Poisson regression model. Results A 10 ?g/m3 increase in PM10 levels was associated with an ER of 0.380% (95%CI: 0.326% ～0.433%) for hospital visits for cardiovascular diseases. Lag effect of 4 days with an ER of 1.166% (95%CI:1.121%～1.212%) were observed. The ER value increased when CO, NO2, SO2 concentrations were introduced. Conclusion The ambient PM10 concentration is positively associated with daily hospital visits for cardiovascular diseases in Beijing.

This article was aimed to study the correlation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes with re-gion factor in the first year after first ischemic stroke. Cross-sectional study was applied in the data collection of TCM four examinations among subjects in China using the same observing rating scale. The results showed that sub-jects of North China were mainly presented with the syndromes of qi-deficiency, internal-heat and phlegm-damp;subjects of Middle China were mainly presented with the syndrome of q i-deficiency; and subjects of East and South China were mainly presented with the syndrome of qi-deficiency and blood-stasis. The proportion of internal-heat was obviously higher in North China than in South China; that of phlegm-damp was remarkably higher in North Chi-na than in Middle and East China; and that of blood-stasis was significantly lower in Middle China than in East and South China. It was concluded that the distribution of internal-heat and blood-stasis was significantly affected by factor of region. Patients in North and South China differed greatly in TCM syndrome. Internal-heat is the main syn-drome in North China, while blood-stasis in South China.

Objective To study the effect of tripterygium glycosides combined with prednisone in the treat-ment of adult patients with purpura nephritis.Methods 20 adult patients with purpura nephritis were selected and randomly divided to two groups according to the random number table method.10 cases of the control group were administered with prednisone,10 cases of the observation group were administered with tripterygium glycosides and prednisone.After treatment,the treatment effect and postoperative recovery of the two groups were compared.Results The markedly effective,effective,ineffective,the total effective rates of the observation group were 5 cases(50%), 40 cases(40%),1 case (10%),9 cases (90%),respectively,which of the control group were 3 cases (30%), 4 cases(40%),3 cases(30%),7 cases(70%),there was statistically significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups(χ2 =4.32,P <0.05);The disappeared time of negative urinary protein,hematuria,edema disappeared,negative hypertension in the observation group were (31.5 ±5.6)d,(35.6 ±6.6)d,(29.6 ±6.4)d, (30.3 ±6.5)d,respectively,which of the control group were (37.5 ±6.5)d,(42.6 ±8.2)d,(35.6 ±7.5)d, (37.7 ±7.3)d,the differences were statistically significant between the two groups(t =2.57,2.62,2.60,2.81,all P <0.05 ).The gastrointestinal discomfort,decreased white blood cells,abnormal liver function,total incidence of adverse reaction rates of the observation group were 1 case(10%),1 case(10%),1 case(10%),3 cases(30%), which of the control group were 1 case(10%),1 case(10%),0 case(0%),2 cases(20%),there was no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reaction rate between the two groups(χ2 =1.13,P <0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of adult patients with purpura nephritis,tripterygium glycosides combined with predni-sone has good effect,and can improve the symptoms of patients required a shorter time.

Objective To explore the effect of hemodialysis filtration and blood perfusion in the treatment of patients with uremic encephalopathy.Methods 30 patients with uremic encephalopathy were selected,they were treated with hemodialysis filtration and blood perfusion.After the treatment,the treatment effect and postoperative recovery of patients were compared.Results In the treatment,1 case coma for 5 days,after 2 times treatment with death;1 case coma for 7 days.After 3 times the combined treatment did not restore sanity;12 patients of combined treatment after 1 time of the symptoms disappeared completely;After 3 times of treatment on the patients with residual symptoms have less.Consciousness of patients was 25 cases (83.3%).Before treatment,BUN was (28.4 ± 3.1)mmol/L,Scr was (749 ±99.6)mol/L,PTH was (245.7 ±35.2)pg/g,K + was (4.7 ±1.4)mmol/L,Na + was (137.7 ±18.4)mmol/L,Cl -was (90.8 ±16.7)mmol/L,β2 -MG was (25.4 ±3.4)mg/L.After treatment,BUN was (9.1 ±2.4)mmol/L,Scr was (199.7 ±99.2)μmol/L,PTH was (105.6 ±33.6)pg/g,K + was (4.3 ± 1.3)mmol/L,Na + was (135.7 ±14.8)mmol/L,Cl - was (85.0 ±5.2)mmol/L,β2 -MG was (13.4 ±3.1)mg/L. The differences were statistically significant (all P <0.05).Conclusion In the treatment of patients with uremic encephalopathy,hemodialysis filtration and blood perfusion have good effect,should be used in clinical promotion.

Objective:Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody is an important biomarker as-sociated with the diagnosis and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Different studies showed inconsistency in the relationship between anti-CCP antibody titers and RA disease activity. Therefore, we investigated the association between anti-CCP antibody with the possibility of achieving treatment target and flare.Methods:The enrolled RA patients must be anti-CCP antibody positive at baseline, and had at least one test result of anti-CCP antibody during follow-up at least one year after the baseline. The patients were divided into declined group and non-declined group according to the decrease of anti-CCP antibody titer over 10% or not during follow-up from the baseline. Single factor comparison, Pearson correlation, Spearman correlation and Kendall correlation analysis were used.Results:A total of 124 patients were included in this study. Sixty-five and 59 patients were in anti-CCP antibody declined and non-declined groups, respectively. At the end of the follow-up, the proportion of patients who achieved clinical remission or low disease activity were 78%(51/65) and 68% (40/59)in the declined and the non-declined groups, respectively ( P=0.181). The changes of Disease Activity Score with 28 joint (DAS28)-C-reaction protein (CRP), DAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), tender joint count (TJC) and CRP in the declined group were significantly greater than those of the non-declined group ( P values <0.05). There was no positive correlation between anti-CCP antibody titer and several disease activity indicators at baseline ( r values <0.3, P values >0.05). The changes of anti-CCP antibody titers during the follow-up were also not correlated with changes in disease activity (but r values <0.3, P values <0.05). Meanwhile, both the baseline anti-CCP antibody titers and the changes of the anti-CCP antibody titers during follow-up were neither correlated with whether the patient achieved clinical remission or low disease activity at the end of the follow-up nor whether relapse happened. Conclusion:There is no significant correlation between anti-CCP antibody levels at baseline and disease activity, achievement of treatment target, or recurrence after treatment. The value of anti-CCP antibody in assessing disease activity, predicting treatment response, and predicting relapse needs to be confirmed in further large-scale prospective studies.

Objective To study the changes of life span and pathology in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)-G93A mice after intracardiac transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).Methods hMSCs were isolated from bone marrow cells obtained from healthy donors and cultured.The purity and morphology were assessed by flow cytometry (FCM).hMSCs (3×10~6) resuspended in 0.2 ml DMEM was injected into the heart of 8 week-old SOD1-G93A mice.In non-transplantion control SOD1-G93A mice, only DMEM was injected.The mice were evaluated for signs of motor deficit with 4-point scoring system previously described by Weydt et al.The age of onset and life span in mice were assessed.The pathological change including number of motor neurons was investigated by Nissl staining.Immunofluorescence staining with specific human nuclear antibody was used to confirm the transplant of hMSCs in mice.Results The onset symptoms in untreated SOD1-G93A mice appeared at (156.56±3.60) days of age and the average life span was (188.32±3.51) days.hMSCs transplantation delayed the onset of ALS type symptoms about 16 days (x~2=10.888, P=0.001) and prolonged the life span about 14 days compared to the untreated SOD1-G93A littermates((202.19±4.09) days vs (188.32±3.51) days, x~2=3.917, P=0.04).The loss of motor neurons in untreated mice was earlier and more severe than in hMSCs transplanted mice.At 20 weeks, the number of motor neurons in transplanted mice was significantly higher than those in untreated mice.Human specific nuclear antigen in brain and spinal cord was detected in transplanted SOD1-G93A mice.Conclusion hMSCs can be implanted for a long-term into central nervous system by intracardiac transplantation and the transplantation can prolong life span, and delay the onset of the disease and motor neuron loss in SOD1-G93A mice.

This study was aimed to establish a fast determination method of main components in honey. Honey samples from difference production bases were used as study objects. Transmission and reflection spectra of different honey samples were collected with the Fourier transform near infrared spectrometer. The main components in honey (moisture content, fructose content, glucose content and reducing sugar content) were detected by the near infrared quantitative analysis technique. The near infrared quantitative analysis models of moisture content, fructose content, glucose content and reducing sugar content in honey were established by the partial least squares (PLS). The results showed that the correlation coefficient (r) of the moisture content, fructose content, glucose content and reducing sugar content in honey were 0.997 25, 0.973 90, 0.927 94 and 0.952 68, respectively. The root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were 0.165 (%), 0.564 (%), 1.300 (%) and 1.270 (%), respectively. It was concluded that determination of main components in honey by the near-infrared spectroscopy technology was a fast and nondestructive determination method with high accuracy, which can be used in the quantitative detection of main components in honey.

This study was aimed to revise and improve the quality standard of Ping-An (PA) Pill. Fructus CaryophylliandFructus Aurantii ImmaturuswereidentifiedbyTLC.Thecontentofcostunolideand dehydrocostunolide were determined by HPLC. The results showed that there were clear spots, good degree of separation, and no negative interference in the TLC identification. The calibration curve of costunolide and dehydrocostunolide were linear at the range of 0.103 4-1.033 5μg (r=0.999 9) and 0.110 1-1.100 5μg (r=0.999 7). The average recoveries were 95.1% (RSD = 2.62%, n = 6) and 98.6% (RSD = 2.84%, n = 6), respectively. It was concluded that the method was convenient and accurate with strong specificity in the quality and quantity control of PA pill, which can be used in the quality control of PA pill.

Problem-based Learning (PBL) is a teaching model originating from the construc-tivism theory, which stressed the meaning construction in problem situation by collaborative learning, conversation and completing knowledge. Based on the times background, development of learning theory, teaching situation, cognitive strategies, ideological connotation about constructivism, PBL's practical significance, its teaching forms, teaching resources, internal motivation, and the teaching evaluation were analyzed deeply, which was beneficial to carrying out PBL normatively in medical education, so as to provide the theoretical support for further exploration and innovation of PBL.

BACKGROUND: Scar hypertrophy is always followed by the wound healing in burn and trauma. Endothelial cells play a key role in scar hypertrophy, so inhibitory growth of endothelial cells can relieve scar hypertrophy to a certain degree. OBJECTIVE: To construct a recombinant adenovirus vector expressing human endostatin (Ad/hEnd), and to investigate the cooperative effect of Ad/hEnd and keratinocyte on endothelial cell proliferation. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Observational study, which was performed in the State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA between September 2006 and May 2007. MATERIALS: pAdTrack-CMV and pAdEasy-1 were obtained from Stratagene Company, USA; 293 cell and Ecoli.DH5α were stored in our laboratory. METHODS: The endostatin gene sequence was obtained by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on mRNA of human fetal hepatic tissue and inserted into the adenovims shuttle plasmid pAdTrack-CMV to obtain recombinant plasmid pAdTrack-ES. After identification, positive recon was transformed into pAdeasy 1 recipient virus to screen positive clones. The adenovirus Ad/hEnd was generated from 293 cells and identified by PCR and fluorescence microscope. Then the keratinocytes were infected with Ad/hEnd, and co-cultured with endothelial cells by nest dish culture method. The content of endostatin was detected, and the non-transfection keratinocytes were used as the controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Homologous recombination and identification of pAd/hEnd; generation and identification of Ad/hEnd; endostatin expression after 293 cell transfection; purification and titer measurement of Ad/hEnd; content of endostatin in culture solution; apoptotic percentage of endothelial cells; inhibitory ratio of endothelial cells. RESULTS: Ad/hEnd was constructed and the virus titer was generally up to 1.65×1012 PFU/L. Ad/hEnd-infected keratinocytes could effectively express and secrete endostatin of which the content reached 226 μg/L after 3 days of co-culture. The apoptotic percentage and inhibitory ratio of the endothelial cells co-cultured with Ad/hEnd-infected keratinocytes were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Ad/hEnd-infected keratinocytes co-cultured with endothelial cells can promote apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of endothelial cells through excretion of endostatin.