After chemotherapy, the healthy qi of acute leukemia (AL) patients was severly demaged, remnant toxin with internal amassment, qi and blood deficiency, blood stasis, vertigo with syndrome of stagnation and blockade of phlegm-damp. The clinical symptoms with cold-heat intermingled together which are complicated and changable were quite similar to those of Jueyin disease. Therefore, this paper tried to explore the differentiation and treatment of AL after chemotherapy from Jueyin. It was concluded that the treatment of AL after chemotherapy should be treated with cold and heat method, attacking and supplementing together, with nourishing the liver as the main part. At the same time, it was importance to protect healthy qi. Combined with the basic pathogenesis of AL, it was proposed that Danggui-Sini Decoction was suitable for the treatment of AL after chemotherapy. All in all, the paper explored the differentiation and treatment of AL after chemotherapy from Jueyin in order to use more Chinese medicine therapy in the field of AL treatment.