Objective To study the effect of capsule deficient strains CAP64 on apoptosis of mice microglia cell line (N9) cell in vitro . Methods N9 cells were co cultured with CAP64, the flow cytometry was employed to detect the N9 cellular apoptosis on different phase. Results The average apoptotic index of N9 after cultured for 2、4、8、16、24 hours with CAP64 were 9 33%、12 93%、15 37%、16 30% and 20 5%, respectively. There were significant differences between experimental group and control group. Conclusion Capsule deficient strains CAP64 can induce microglia cell line (N9) apoptosis

Objective To evaluate skin barrier function in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) as well as healthy children from two communities in Shanghai and to assess the relationship between skin barrier function and AD severity.Methods Totally,169 children with AD and 142 healthy children aged 3-12 years were recruited from two communities (Changning Xining community and Jiading Juyuan community) in Shanghai,China.Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and stratum corneum hydration were measured in normal appearing nonlesional skin at four body sites (dorsal and volar forearm,cheek and anterior shin) of the patients,as well as in normal skin at the same sites of the controls.AD severity was evaluated by using the severity scoring of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) index.Results Compared with the healthy children,the patients with AD showed higher TEWL value at all of the four body sites (all P ＜ 0.05),but lower water content in stratum corneum at dorsal forearm and anterior shin (both P ＜ 0.05).In patients with AD,the SCORAD index was positively correlated with mean TEWL value,but negatively correlated with the mean water content in stratum corneum.Conclusion Skin barrier function may serve as an index for evaluating the severity of AD.

Objective To study the effect of itraconazole/IFN-gamma on IFN-? and IL-10 in nude mice and mice and clinical significance. Methods Systemic infection of animals that induced by abdominal injection of Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans, Expression of IFN-? and IL-10 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results After treated with Itraconazole and IFN-gamma, the levels of IFN-gamma were increased and ones of IL-10 were decreased significantly. Conclusions Itraconazole and IFN-gamma may play key roles in the immune function of those animals.

Objective To explore the effect of rehabilitation training on self-care ability of patients with senile dementia. Methods One hundred and one senile dementia patients were divided into two groups with 53 cases in experimental group receiving targeted rehabilitation training besides routine nursing and 48 in control group only receiving routine nursing.Self-care ability of patients in the two groups was comparatively evaluated according to the activity of daily living scale (ADL).Result The ADL score and the total score of the experimental group were both higher than those of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Rehabilitation training according to the specific conditions of patients with senile dementia can improve their self-care ability in adapting to the society, delaying the progress of the disease and improving the quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity of combination of itraconazole and amphotericin B to20clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans and their in vitro interactions.Methods The sensitivity of combination of itraconazole and amphotericin B and their in vitro interactions were determined with20clinical isolates of C.neoformans by a checkerboard titration broth microdilution-based method in accord with the recommendations of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS),USA.Results When both drugs were given in combination,there was significant reduction of geometric means of MICs for itraconazole(from0.2730to0.1195?g/mL)and for amphotericin B(from0.6830to0.2102?g/mL).Synergistic effects were found in35%of isolates,additive effects in55%of isolates,and indifferent effects in10%of isolates.Antagonistic effects were not observed.The colony formation unit(cfu)per millilitre was significantly decreased in an isolate which was treated with different concentrations of the combination of both drugs,in comparison to that with the corresponding concentrations of individual drug.Conclusion The combination of itraconazole and amphotericin B is significantly more active against C.neoformans in vitro than individual drug alone.

Objective To study the interaction between antifungal drugs to yeasts in vitro.Methods The in vitro interaction of antifungal drugs was detected with checkerboard microdilution method based on M27-A of NCCLS for28strains of yeasts.Results There was a significant reduction in the geometric means of MICs by the combinations of antifungal drugs to the yeasts compared with the individual agents(P

This article is to study the interaction between amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine to yeasts in vitro. The checkerboard microdilution method was applied to study in vitro interaction according to M27-A method of NCCLS. Twenty-eight strains of yeasts were used for combination study. Compared with the single agents,there were significant reductions in the geometric mean of the minimal inhibitory concentration of the combination(P

Objective To explore the clinical value and safety of early enteral nutrition support in patients after liver transplantation.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 86 cases who used early enteral nutrition support therapy after liver transplantation between January 2008and October 2011.All of patients were uproot the gastric tube at the first day after the operation,and gradual to the normal diet.The patients who used parenteral nutrition support therapy were as the control group(n＝112).Then we compared the data of patients in the two groups.Results The early enteral nutrition is more useful to the patients after liver transplantation than intravenous nutrition [In the seventh day after the operation,the control group's ALT was (45.2 ± 12.9) U/L,AST was (40.2±9.4) U/L,ALBwas (35.6±2.5) g/L,P＜0.05].The early enteral nutrition also can decrease hospital stay and hospital costs [(14.2±3.4) d,P＜0.05].Conclusion The early enteral nutrition is useful and safe to the patients after liver transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the perioperative safety and effect of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma (LAPC).Methods Twenty patients with imaging and cytohystological diagnosis of unresectable locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma were enrolled to undergo IRE treatment.The perioperative IRE-related complications were primarily analyzed to evaluate the safety of the procedure.The tumor reduction and biological response were analyzed through CT/MRI imaging and serous level of CA19-9.Results All patients were successfully treated with an average tumor size of(4.2 ± 0.6) cm and an average procedure time of (52.0 ± 23.3) minutes.Three intraoperative procedure-related complications were observed (15.0％) including two transient hypertension and one transient superventricular tachycardia.Six postoperative complications were described including two Grade A pancreatic fistula,one infection of incision,one portal vein thrombosis,one gastrointestinal hemorrhage and two functional delayed gastric emptying.The symptom remission rate was 73.7％ and lower serum CA19-9 level was recorded in all patients at discharge.Conclusions IRE is a safe and feasible procedure in the treatment of LAPC, and a reasonable operation strategy of IRE is helpful to consolidate the safety and efficacy.

Objective To investigate the effects of heat-inactivated Cryptococcus neoformans(H-CN)on an experimental murine model of meningoencephalitis and on IL-1?,IFN-?and TNF-?gene ex-pression on the brain and spleen.Methods An experimental murine model of intracerebral infection with C.neoformans was established.Mice were divided into H-CN-treated group and control group.The brain and spleen of two groups were collected to obtain total RNA,and IL-1?,IFN-?and TNF-?were detected by RT-PCR method.After intracerebral challenging with lethal doses of C.neoformans,the survival time and colony forming units(cfu)of C.neoformans in the brain of two group were observed.Results The survival time was prolonged,and cfu of C.neoformans were decreased in the brain of H-CN-treated group in com-parison with those of control group.Expression of IL-1?was positive,and IFN-?and TNF-?negative in the brain tissue of H-CN-treated mice;while expression of IL-1?,IFN-?and TNF-?was all negative in the control mice,as indicated by RT-PCR.Expression of3cytokines,IL-1?,IFN-?and TNF-?was all positive in the spleen tissue of both groups,suggesting that there was no significant difference in the levels of cytokine gene transcripts in both groups.Conclusion These findings suggest that murine resistance to central nervous system infection of C.neoformans be enhanced by intracerebral administration of H-CN,and anti-cryptococcal mechanism probably involves a local cytokine IL-1?elicitated by H-CN in central nerve system.