OBJECTIVE:To analyse the situation and characteristics of use of herbal decoctions,so as to find out the rules of drug-use in treatment of tumour METHODS:By means of the software named "Management System for Chinese Medicinal Herb Pharmacy in Tumour Hospital",usage of the herbal decoctions in treating tumours in this hospital from March 1997 to February 2000 was comprehensively analyzed RESULTS:There were six main categories,271 kinds of herbs used in this hospital which accounted for 58 15% of the total categories The amount of consumption reached 188 135kg which amounted to 83 03% of total consumption Among the top 20 kinds of herb in consumption,the tonics accounted for about 1/3,of which 61 45% for invigorating qi and 29 95% for nourishing yin and the herbs for clearing away heat and toxic material amounted to 65 30% of the total consumption of those for clearing away heat CONCLUSION:The Chinese traditional medicine is one of the most effective methods in preventing and treating tumours The average dosage of the herbs mainly used in treating tumour was about 30g,which is much larger than the common dosage

Objective To analyze CT manifestations of chest wall Askin tumor and to illustrate its CT diagnostic and differentially diagnostic key points.Methods Eleven cases of chest wall Askin tumors were pathologically confirmed in our hospital between May 2006 and November 2014.Of them,10 cases were children and adolescents,and 9 cases had chest pain as the first symptom.All patients received plain CT scan,while 7 cases received contrast enhanced scan.CT signs of this group were retrospectively analyzed,including the location,quantity,shape,size,density,adjacent tissue invasion and distant metastasis of the tumors.Results CT examination showed a single oval mass on the chest wall in all 11 cases.The tumor was located completely within the thoracic cavity in 10 cases,while a tumor's main part was within thoracic cavity.Nine tumors had long diameters of more than 9 cm.All the tumors were heterogeneous without calcification,wherein 10 cases showed necrosis and cystic degeneration.On contrast enhanced scan,7 cases showed heterogeneously mild to moderate enhancement.All tumors invaded adjacent tissues,including 7 cases of bone damage of a single rib,and 7 cases of pleural involvement,wherein 6 cases had pleural effusion.No remote metastases were found in this group.Conclusions CT manifestations of Askin tumors of chest wall have some characteristics,and familiarity with these manifestations is conducive to diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this disease.

A cold saponification method for determination of 5 lutein stereoisomers in dairy products by high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) was developed. Samples were cold-saponified at room temperature and extracted by n-hexane/petroleum/dichloromethane ( 2: 2: 1 , V/V/V ) . Then 5 lutein stereoisomers were separated on a YMC C30 column with gradient elution using methanol/methyl tert-butyl ether as the mobile phase, and data were acquired by a photodiode array detector at wavelength of 445 nm. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0 . 127-5 . 082 mg/L with correlation coefficient of 0 . 9999 , and the recoveries were from 96 . 7% to 102 . 2% with the RSDs in the range of 4 . 1%-5 . 4% ( n=6 ) . The limit of detection was 0 . 010 μg/g ( S/N=3 ) , and the limit of quantification was 0 . 030 μg/g ( S/N=10 ) . By presenting results of good accuracy, precision and sensitivity, this method validates its suitability for routine analysis of 5 lutein stereoisomers in dairy products.

Objective To evaluate clinical features,therapeutic effects and outcomes of patients with non-human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected cryptococcal meningitis treated with fluconazole or fluconazole and flucytosine.Methods Twenty-four cases of non-HIV-infected cryptococcal meningitis(fluconazole with or without flucytosine as initial therapy)in Huashan Hospital,Fudan University from 1997 to 2007 were retrospectively reviewed.Clinical manifestations,therapeutic effects and outcomes of the patients were collected.Results Fluconazole was administered with median dosage of 400 mg/d,for a median duration of 20.5 days.After fluconazole initial therapy for 2 weeks,16.7% showed partial response,83.3% showed no response,and the overall response rate was 16.7%.After 10 weeks,33.3% showed partial response,29.2% showed complete response,16.7% showed no response,and the overall response rate was 62.5%.Mortality at week 10 was 20.8%.Twenty-two patients who failed to respond to initial therapy were switched to other antifungal drugs(amphotericin B,amphotericin B colloidal dispersion,itraconazole)or other fluconazole containing combined therapy.Eleven out of the 24 patients died during one-year follow-up,8 of whom died of eryptococcal meningitis,and 3 died of other diseases.Conclusions The initial therapy of fluconazole with or without flucytosine is inefficient,and most of the patients need other antifungal drugs because of initial therapy failure.Therefore,fluconazole might not be appropriate for initial therapy in non-HIV-infected cryptococcal meningitis.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Huzhang Polou Decoction combined with acupoint application in the treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) complicated with atelectasis.Methods:A total of 105 MPP children with atelectasis and phlegm-heat obstructing lung syndrome in our hospital from August 2019 to March 2022, who met the inclusion criteria, were divided into control group (53 cases) and observation group (52 cases), by random number table method. The control group was given azithromycin sequential therapy on the basis of conventional western medicine treatment, and the observation group was given Huzhang Polou Decoction and acupoint application on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 19 days. TCM syndromes were scored before and after treatment. The FEV1 and peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) were measured by pulmonary function measurement instrument. The CRP was measured by immunoturbidimetry and procalcitonin (PCT) was measured by ELISA. The recovery time of fever, disappearance time of cough and sputum, disappearance time of lung rales, lung recruitment time, and adverse reactions during treatment were recorded, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:The total effective rate was 96.15% (50/52) in the observation group and 84.91% (45/53) in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=3.85, P=0.050). After treatment, the TCM syndrome score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( t=22.78, P<0.01). FEV1 [(1.87±0.29) L vs. (1.54±0.28) L, t=5.93] and PEF [(79.82±6.29) L/min vs. (74.32±6.30) L/min, t=4.48] were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The levels of serum CRP [(9.18±2.98) mg/L vs. (12.34±3.00) mg/L, t=5.42] and PCT [(0.60±0.15) ng/L vs. (0.96±0.21) ng/L, t=9.93] were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The recovery time of fever, disappearance time of cough and sputum, disappearance time of lung rale and lung recruitment time in the observation group were significantly earlier than those in the control group ( t=7.27, 6.84, 3.76, 5.87, all Ps<0.01). During treatment, the incidence of adverse reactions was 3.77% (2/53) in the control group and 1.92% (1/52) in the observation group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.32, P=0.569). Conclusion:The Huzhang Polou Decoction combined with acupoint application can improve the pulmonary function of children with MPP complicated with atelectasis, reduce the level of serum inflammatory cytokines, improve the clinical efficacy safely.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of determining the chemical composition of kidney stones using gemstone spectral imaging ( GSI ).Methods One hundred and sixty eight extracted human kidney stones immersed in a 10 cm deep water tank underwent CT (Discovery CT750 HD) scans with GSI mode and conventional polychromatic imaging ( CPI,120 kVp) mode.All GSI data were transferred to Workstation AW 4.4 to acquire monochromatic images of 50 keY,effective atomic number (Zeff) mapping images,water (calcium)-based images and calcium (Water)-based images with GSI Viewer.CT numbers of stones were measured and compared at 50 keV monochromatic images and 120 kVp polychromatic images,the mean Zeff,calcium density and water density were measured at Zeff mapping images,Calcium (Water) -based images and Water (Calcium)-based images,respectively.The mean Zeff,spectral HU curve slope and calcium water ratio (CWR) were compared with ANOVA and Wilcoxon test.The composition of kidney stones was determined by infrared spectrometer after CT examination.According to the result of stone composition determined by infrared spectroscopy,108 pure kidney stones were divided into five groups:Uric acid stones ( UA,n = 13 ),struvite stones ( STR,n = 24),cystine stones ( CYS,n = 14),calcium phosphate stones ( CaP,n = 18),and calcium oxalate stones ( COX,n = 39).ResultsThe mean Zeff,CWR,the mean CT numbers at 50 keV images,120 kVp images and spectral HU curve slope of each group were listed as the following:UA [ 7.4 ± 0.4,0.0085 ± 0.0021,( 503 ± 168 ) HU,(495 ± 106 ) HU and - 0.77 ] ; STR [ 11.8 ± 0.9,0.1743 ± 0.0677,( 1056 ± 290 ) HU,( 799 ± 165 ) HU and 18.72 ] ; CYS [ 11.2 ± 0.6,0.1253 ± 0.0297,( 740 ± 172 ) HU,( 565 ± 129 ) HU and 12.79 ] ; CaP [ 16.0 ± 0.4,0.6781 ± 0.0952,( 2567 ±178 ) HU,( 1602 ± 200 ) HU and 37.14 ] ; COX [ 15.4 ± 0.4,0.5683 ± 0.0759,( 2267 ± 385 ) HU,( 1489 ±284) HU and 36.36 ],there were significant differences among groups ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The differences in the mean Zeff,CRW,spectral HU curve slope were statistically significant among the five groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Spectral CT imaging provides a new method to characterize the kidney stones with the information orovided by mean Zeff,CRW and the CT numbers at 50 keV.