Fffects of three gating modifiers of membrane ionic channel, aconitine (AC), deoxycholate (DOC) and Ca~(2+), on the excitability of nerves and the cxcitability index, standard clectrical quantity "a" were observed on 38 crayfish giant axons and 60 toad sciatic-peronael nerves. Results showed. that "a" is related to the activating rate of sodium channel and re(?)ts changes of clectrical quantity which is necded in opening the activation gating of sodium channel and producing the action potential.

Objective To observe the expression changes of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT),brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in rats with chronic manganism.Methods Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (n =15) and experimental group (n =45).The experimental group was divided into three subgroups:low-dose group (n =15),middle-dose group (n =15),high-dose group (n =15).The rats in control group were given intraperitoneal injection of normal saline while the rats in low-dose group,middle-dose group,high-dose group were given intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg,15 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg manganese chloride tetrahydrate,respectively for 5 days oncea week and lasted for 12 weeks.The depressive behavior changes of rats were observed by sucrose preference test and open field test.The concentrations of manganese in the striatum of rats were detected by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry.The expression of 5-HT in frontal cortex,hippocampus of rats was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.The expression of BDNF in frontal cortex,hippocampus of rats was examined by Western blotting.The expression of BDNF mRNA was detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results The chronic manganese poisoning rats presented depression-like behavior based on the sucrose preference test and open field test,which was more distinct in high-dose rats.As compared with the control group (frontal cortex (459.65 ± 16.81) ng/g,hippocampus (323.92 ± 17.41) ng/g;tissue wet weight),the expressions of 5-HT were significantly decreased in frontal cortex ((423.45 ± 17.19) ng/g,(376.89 ± 18.87) ng/g,(280.17 ± 25.46) ng/g),hippocampus ((265.71 ± 17.89) ng/g,(214.35 ±23.63) ng/g,(172.67 ± 18.24) ng/g) of the experimental group (F =132.68,69.66,both P ＜ 0.05).As compared with the control group (frontal cortex 0.962 ±0.111,hippocampus 0.873 ± 0.101;the expressions of BDNF were significantly decreased in frontal cortex (0.855 ± 0.106,0.649 ± 0.112,0.506 ± 0.121) and hippocampus (0.731 ± 0.092,0.626 ±0.104,0.544 ± 0.113) with the increasing concentration of MnCl2 which showed dose dependence (F =13.26,18.54,both P ＜ 0.05).As compared with the control group (frontal cortex 0.000 87 ± 0.000 07,hippocampus 0.000 82 ± 0.000 09),the expressions of BDNF mRNA were decreased significantly in frontal cortex (0.000 71 ± 0.000 06,0.000 48 ± 0.000 03,0.000 36 ± 0.000 03) and hippocampus (0.000 57 ± 0.000 05,0.000 49 ± 0.000 04,0.000 38 ± 0.000 05) in the treated group with the increasing concentration of manganese (F =18.46,12.76,both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Rats with chronic manganese poisoning could present depression-like behavior and the expression of 5-HT and BDNF is decreased in the frontal cortex and hippocampus with the increased accumulation of manganese.

OBJECTIVETo study the changes in the expression of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferroportin 1 (FP1) in the substantia nigra (SN) of rats with manganese-induced parkinsonism.

METHODSEighty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. Rats in the control group were injected intraperitoneally with saline solution. Rats in the low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups were injected intraperitoneally with 5, 15, and 20 mg/kg MnC12 solution, respectively, for 16 weeks. Three behavioral tests were performed at the 16th week. The concentration of Mn2+ in the SN was determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and the positive expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was measured by immunohistochemical staining to determine whether rats with manganese-induced parkinsonism were successfully produced. The expression of DMT1 and FP1 in SN was measured by immunohistochemical staining and fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSRats with manganese-induced parkinsonism were successfully produced using the above method. Compared with that in the control group, the concentrations of Mn2+ in the SN of rats exposed to 5, 15, and 20 mg/kg Mn2+ were significantly higher (1.72?0.33 vs 0.56 ± 0.20 µg/g, P<0.01; 2.92±0.77 vs 0.56±0.20 µg/g, P<0.01; 5.65±1.60 vs 0.56±0.20 µg/g, P<0.01). The mean ODs of TH-positive cells in the SN of rats exposed to 5, 15, and 20 mg/kg Mn+ were significantly lower than that in the control group (0.054±0.008 vs 0.109±0.019, P<0.01; 0.016±0.004 vs 0.109±0.019, P<0.01; 0.003±0.001 vs 0.109±0.019, P<0.01). Compared with that in the control group, the mean optical densities (ODs) of DMT1-positive cells in the SN of rats exposed to 15, and 20 mg/kg Mn2+ were significantly higher (0.062±0.004 vs 0.015±0.007, P<0.01; 0.116±0.064 vs 0.015±0.007, P<0.01). The mean ODs of FP1-positive cells in the SN of rats exposed to 5, 15, and 20 mg/kg Mn2+ were significantly lower than that in the control group (0.092±0.011 vs 0.306±0.081, P<0.01; 0.048±0.008 vs 0.306±0.081, P<0.01; 0.008±0.002 vs 0.306±0.081, P< 0.01). Rats exposed to 15 and 20 mg/kg Mn2+ had significantly higher expression of DMT1 mRNA in the SN than those in the control group (0.052±0.0126 vs 0.001±0.0004, P<0.05; 0.124±0.0299 vs 0.001±0.0004, P<0.05). However, rats exposed to 5, 15, and 20 mg/kg Mn2 had significantly lower expression of FP1 mRNA in the SN than those in the control group (0.059±0.0076 vs 0.162±0.0463, P<0.05; 0.033±0.0094 vs 0.162±0.0463, P< 0.05; 0.002±0.0007 vs 0.162±0.0463, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe increased expression of DMT1 and reduced expression of FP1 may be involved in the processes of Mn2+ accumulation in the SN and dopaminergic neuron loss in rats with manganese-induced parkinsonism.

Animals ; Cation Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Manganese ; adverse effects ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Substantia Nigra ; metabolism ; physiopathology

Objective To test the effect of an APP in the adherence of inhalation medicines for children with asthma,improve the rate of inhalation medicines compliance,self management ability and the quality of life of children with asthma.Methods The research use self-control study.We use Medication Adherence Report Scale for Asthma (MARS-A) to test the adherence of inhalation medicines for children with asthma in outpatient department.After 2 months using the APP,the children with asthma may be re-tested by the MARS-A to compare the differences in medication adherence,asthma knowledge,use method and pulmonary function,etc.Finally,data analysis using paired t test.Results After using the APP,the inhalation medicines adherence rate is increased from 25.78 ％ to 68.75 ％,the awareness rate of patients and their caregivers are increased from 25 ％ to 65 ％,and the APP usage rate is 42.18％,there was significant difference (P＜0.01).Conclusion The APP can effectively improve the adherence of inhalation drugs,standardized medication management,guarantee treatment effect and improve the quality of life of children with asthma.It could also reducing medical costs and improving work efficiency and service quality,thus deserves promotion.

Radiation therapy is an effective method to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors using high-energy X-ray or γ-ray. Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is one of the most serious complications of radiation therapy for thoracic cancers, commonly leading to serious respiratory distress and poor prognosis. Here, we prepared curcumin-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles (CMPN) for prevention and treatment of RP by pulmonary delivery. Mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles (MPDA) were successfully synthesized with an emulsion-induced interface polymerization method and curcumin was loaded in MPDA via π‒π stacking and hydrogen bonding interaction. MPDA owned the uniform spherical morphology with numerous mesopores that disappeared after loading curcumin. More than 80% curcumin released from CMPN in 6 h and mesopores recovered. CMPN remarkably protected BEAS-2B cells from γ-ray radiation injury by inhibiting apoptosis. RP rat models were established after a single dose of 15 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ-ray radiation was performed on the chest area. Effective therapy of RP was achieved by intratracheal administration of CMPN due to free radical scavenging and anti-oxidation ability, and reduced proinflammatory cytokines, high superoxide dismutase, decreased malondialdehyde, and alleviated lung tissue damages were observed. Inhaled CMPN paves a new avenue for the treatment of RP.

Wound infection is becoming a considerable healthcare crisis due to the abuse of antibiotics and the substantial production of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Seawater immersion wounds usually become a mortal trouble because of the infection of Vibrio vulnificus. Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, one kind of natural predatory bacteria, is recognized as a promising biological therapy against intractable bacteria. Here, we prepared a B. bacteriovorus-loaded polyvinyl alcohol/alginate hydrogel for the topical treatment of the seawater immersion wounds infected by V. vulnificus. The B. bacteriovorus-loaded hydrogel (BG) owned highly microporous structures with the mean pore size of 90 μm, improving the rapid release of B. bacteriovorus from BG when contacting the aqueous surroundings. BG showed high biosafety with no L929 cell toxicity or hemolysis. More importantly, BG exhibited excellent in vitro anti-V. vulnificus effect. The highly effective infected wound treatment effect of BG was evaluated on mouse models, revealing significant reduction of local V. vulnificus, accelerated wound contraction, and alleviated inflammation. Besides the high bacterial inhibition of BG, BG remarkably reduced inflammatory response, promoted collagen deposition, neovascularization and re-epithelization, contributing to wound healing. BG is a promising topical biological formulation against infected wounds.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in spinal-pelvic sagittal parameters from preoperative standing to prone position in old traumatic spinal fractures with kyphosis. METHODS: The clinical data of 36 patients admitted between December 2016 and June 2021 for surgical treatment of old traumatic spinal fractures with kyphosis, including 7 males and 29 females, aged from 50 to 79 years (mean, 63.9 years), were retrospectively analyzed. Lesion segments included 2 cases of T ₁₁, 12 cases of T ₁₂, 2 cases of T _{11, 12}, 4 cases of T ₁₂ and L ₁, 12 cases of L ₁, 2 cases of L ₂, 1 case of L _{2, 3}, and 1 case of L ₃. The disease duration ranged from 4 to 120 months, with an average of 19.6 months. Surgical procedures included Smith-Petersen osteotomy in 4 cases, Ponte osteotomy in 6 cases, pedicle subtraction osteotomy in 2 cases, and improved fourth level osteotomy in 18 cases; the remaining 6 cases were not osteotomized. The bone mineral density ranged from -3.0 to 0.5 T, with a mean of -1.62 T. The spinal-pelvic sagittal parameters from preoperative standing to prone positions were measured, including local kyphosis Cobb angle (LKCA), thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), and PI and LL mismatch (PI-LL). The kyphotic flexibility=(preoperative standing LKCA-preoperative prone LKCA)/preoperative standing LKCA×100%. Spinal-pelvic sagittal parameters were compared between standing position and prone position before operation, and Pearson correlation was used to judge the correlation between the parameters of standing position and prone position before operation. RESULTS: When the position changed from standing to prone, LKCA and TK decreased significantly ( P<0.05), while SS, LL, PT, and PI-LL had no significant difference ( P>0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that LL was significantly correlated with SS and PI-LL in both standing and prone positions ( P<0.05), and the correlation strength between LL and SS in prone position was higher than that in standing position. In the standing position, LKCA was significantly correlated with SS and PT ( P<0.05). However, when the position changed from standing to prone, the correlation between LKCA and SS and PT disappeared, while PT and PI-LL was positive correlation ( P<0.05). The kyphotic flexibility was 25.13%-78.79%, with an average of 33.85%. CONCLUSION For the patients of old traumatic spinal fractures with kyphosis, the preoperative LKCA and TK decrease significantly from standing position to prone position, and the correlation between spinal and pelvic parameters also changed, which should be taken into account in the formulation of preoperative surgical plan.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Spinal Fractures/surgery* ; Standing Position ; Retrospective Studies ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery* ; Kyphosis/surgery* ; Lordosis/surgery*