Objective To control stem blight disease of Schizonepeta tenuifolia caused by Phytophthora nicotianae.Methods The antagonist effect of 13 Trichoderma strains(including T.viride and T.hamianum)was evaluated upon mycelia growth of P.nicotianae.Trichoderma strains with high antagonistic activities against the pathogen were used to control stem blight of S.tenuifolia in the field.Results Of 13 Trichoderma strains tested,T.viride strain M3 showed maximum mycelia growth inhibition(83.2%)to the pathogen,followed by T.viride strain Tv04-2(78.2%)and then T.harziamum strain ThB(65.0%),in vitro.Fungal cell wall degrading enzymes,protease,and β-1,3-glueanase were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively in further study.T.viride strains M3,Tv04-2,and T.harzianum strain ThB efficiently against P.nicotianae were used to control stem blight of S.tenuifolia in the field,and T.viride strain M3 showed the best biocontrol potential.Conclusion Trichoderma spp.can be used as alternatives of pesticides to control stem blight,one of the serious soilhome diseases of S.tenuifolia caused by P.nicotianae.However,though T.viride strains Tv04-2 aad T.harzianum strain ThB are also highly against P.nicotianae in vitro,the controlling efficacy of them on stem blight disease is not as excellent as T.viride strains M3 in the field.

This article was aimed to study the dynamics of biocontrol endobacteria in roots, stems and leaves of Panax ginseng and soils adjacent roots. Gradient screening and root irrigation methods were used to develop Rif-resistance bacteria and inoculation. Dilution plate method was used to count the number of them in roots, stems and leaves of P. ginseng and soils adjacent roots. The results showed that bacteria which can endure 120 μg·mL-1 Rif was developed, and no change was found on their antagonistic activity against A lternaria panax Whetz and Phytophthora cactorum. In roots and stems of P. ginseng, ge15 and ge25 showed the highest number in the initial.Then, populations of ge15 and ge25 in ginseng roots and stems decreased to a stable status gradually. In ginseng leaves, populations of ge15 and ge25 increased to the highest 3 days after inoculation, then, populations of them were decreased and kept at certain concentration. In ginseng rhizosphere soil, populations of ge15 showed reciprocating change, and which of ge25 showed increase initial, and then decrease to a stable status. It was concluded that endobacteria can keep a certain population in ginseng roots, stems, and leaves. Biocontrol agents based on them will be helpful for ginseng diseases controlling in the field.

[Objective ] Intrastriatal Parr interneurons are considered to be the junction between striatal input and output neurons. This study purposes to confirm the morphology of Parr neurons and their distribution in striatum. [Method] Adult male SD rats were perfused and the brains were removed. The sections were conducted with a semiconductor-frozen microtome, then single labeling and double labeling were immunocytochemically conducted with PAP technique. Positive neurons were observed, counted, and calculated, and analyzed with SPSS. [Results] The distribution of Parr positive neurons in striatum was inhomogeueous, and was the most dense in the dorsal lateral area (P<0.001) ; the distribution of Parr positive neurons in matrix compartment was apparently more than patch compartment (82.0% vs 18.0%, P<0.001); Parr positive neurons in striaturn were medium-sized cell bodies with polygonal or oval in shape (mean diameter is 11.68 μm), and were larger in the lateral area than that in the medial area (P<0.01) ; the positive dendrites were dense and smooth without dendrite spines; the positive axons 1 were slender and their collaterals extended in striatum. [Conclusion] The characteristic of Parr positive neurons collecting mostly in lateral striatum and matrix eompartment, as well as their traits of intemeurons, indicated that they would affect the striatal projection neuronal function.

By nutrient solution culture method, effects of benzoic acid, diisobutyl phthalate, diisobutyl succinate, palmitic acid, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane on root exudates of Panax ginseng were studied. GC-MS results in-dicated that, 15 to 23 components were detected in treatments including control, which were organic acids, alcohol, amino acid esters, phenols, amines, condensed nucleus, saccharine, etc. Through compared with control we found that, phenol and phenolic acids in root exudates increased in most of stress treatments. So we deduced that, the re-laxation of autotoxins from roots to outside environment was stimulated by autotoxins released into soil, and which ac-celerated the autotoxicity to ginseng seedlings.

Objective Renal vascular injury,especially thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA),is an important prognostic factors in pat.ients with lupus nephritis.TMA is most likely to be associated with proliferative lupus nephritis.This single-center retrospective study was conducted in order to explore the characteristics and prognosis of patients with TMA associated with proliferative lupus nephritis.Methods From January 2013 to June 2016,146 hospitalized patients with lupus nephritis underwent renal biopsy in the Department of Rheumatology,South Campus,Ren Ji Hospital,of which 108 were proliferative nephritis including 32 with TMA and 76 without TMA.All the clinical records were collected.All data were analyzed by Graphpad 5.0 or SPSS 22.0 statistical software analysis.Nonparametric test,t test and Fisher test were used for comparison between the two groups.Predictors were analyzed by multiple factors regression analysis,survival curve was analyzed by Kaplan-Meire method.Results Patients with TMA were found to have higher levels of creatinine (Cr) [93.5 (69.0,179.8) μmol/L vs 73.0 (56.3,116.3) μmol/L,U=833,P=0.010 1],B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) [177(93.2,619) pg/ml vs 87.5(28.5,255) pg/ml,U=765,P=0.004 6],24-hour urinary protein [4.98 (1.99,7.62) g vs 2.83 (1.71,4.38) g,U=875,P=0.022] and highersystemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) [16(13.25,18) vs 12(10.25,14),U=559,P＜0.000 1],as well as lower complement [C3:(0.37±0.15) g/L vs (0.52±0.20) g/L,t=3.713,P=0.000 3;C4:0.056 (0.035,0.140) g/L vs 0.088(0.053,0.167) g/L,U=912,P=0.047 9],albumin (Alb) [(24±6) g/L vs (28±6) g/L,t=3.416,P=0.000 9] and hemoglobin (Hb) [(88±19) g/L vs (99±21) g/L,t=2.627,P=0.015 7].They were more prone to hypertension [(24/32,75％) vs (35/76,46％),x2=7.613,P=0.006 4],had less glomerular sclerosis [0(0,0.038)％ vs 7(0,17)％,U=848,P=0.007 7] and higher acute score [16(14.25,19.75) vs 13(10,15),U=612,P＜0.000 1];while these patients received higher doses of corticosteroid therapy,and more patients were treated with cyclophosphamide for induction therapy.Multivariate regression analysis showed that Cr (OR =1.008,P=0.033) and SLEDAI (OR =1.272,P=0.003) scores might be predictors of TMA in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis.During follow up,6 and 2 patientsin two groups progressed to end-stage renal disease (ESRD),respectively (P=0.010 4).Univariate analysisfound that patients progressed to ESRD were more likely to have TMA[(6/8,75％) vs (23/85,27％),x2=7.831,P=0.010 4],and had more crescents[54.5(12,83.5)％ vs 20(6,41)％,U=183,P=0.032].Higher activity indices (AI) [(20±6) vs (14±4),t=3.489,P=0.000 7],Cr [286(214.5,395) μmol/L vs 76(59,115.5) μmol/L,U=19,P＜0.000 1] and BNP [456(192.3,1 060) vs 110(45.38,275.5),U=116.5,P=0.002 4],as well as lower Hb [(71±12) vs (97±19),t=3.776,P=0.000 3] and platelets (PLT) [(130±71)×109/L vs (196±76)×109/L,t=2.399,P=0.018 5] were observed in these patients.Conclusion This study has shown that patients with proliferative lupus nephritis with renal TMA have a higher level of Cr and more active disease state,requiring more aggressive immunosuppressive therapy and more likely to progress to ESRD.So renal TMA may be one of the risk factors of renal survival in these patients.

Objective To study the test-retest reliability in quantitative measurement of proprioception using Tecnobody rehabilitation system.Methods Nine healthy volunteers [4 males,5 females,averaged age (22.8 ±0.68) years] participated in three consecutive measurements on both feet by using Tecnobody rehabilitation system for computerized proprioceptive assessment.Standard error of measurement(SEM),correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) obtained from the three consecutive measurements were used to analyze the Timeused in each measuring session,and the average track error (ATE) of the measurements.ResultsSEM values of Time in left foot and right foot were 3.07 ～ 3.83 and 6.65 ～ 8.44 respectively.ATE values in left foot and right foot were 1.33 ～ 1.97 and 1.39 ～ 1.91 respectively.The Time and ATE correlation coefficients of left foot / right foot were 0.919/0.6 and 0.808/0.831,respectively.The Time ICC values were 0.893/0.639 for left foot / right foot,respectively ; and the ATE ICC values were 0.716/0.734 for left foot / right foot,respectively. Conclusion The Tecnobody rehabilitation system provided a fairly good reliability in both relative andabsolute values in quantitative evaluation of proprioception in the feet.These data in a larger amount may be useful for setting up variables and the standard values of the local population for reference in proprioceptive rehabilitation.

Objective To study the value of CT on defining the gross tumor volume (GTV) in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT), by comparing the GTV contoured on preoperative CT with postoperative pathology guided GTV in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Thirty-three patients with histologically proved NSCLC had had CT scan of the thorax before sugery. We contoured the GTV for both primary tumor (GTV-T) and the regional metastatic lymph nodes (GTV-N) on preoperative CT scan. The GTV-T was defined on lung window while the GTV-N on mediastinal window. The metastatic lymph node was defined as≥ 10mm in diameter of short axis,while

Objective To investigate the effects of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) on the brain in rats. Methods Sixty-four healthy male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly allocated to one of 2 groups (n = 32 each): sham operation group (S) and intestinal I/R group (I/R). Intestinal I/R was produced by occlusion of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 90 min followed by reperfusion. Eight animals were sacrificed at each of the following time points: 2, 6, 12 and 24 h of reperfusion (T1-4) in each group. After a median sternotomyblood samples were taken from left ventricle for measurement of plasma TNF-α and IL-6 (by ELISA). Intestine and brain tissue was harvested for microscopic examination and detection of apoptosis ( by TUNEL). The cognitive function was tested using Morris water maze at 24 h. Results No abnormality was found in intestine and brain tissue in group S. Intestinal damage and neurodegeneration were detected in group I/R. Intestinal I/R significantly increased cerebral apoptosis in group I/R compared with group S. Plasma TNF-a and IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher at T1-4 in group I/R than in group S. The escape latency and swimming distance were significantly increased, while the number of crossing the platform was decreased in group I/R compared with group S. There was no significant difference in the swimming speed between the 2 groups. Conclusion Intestinal I/R can induce brain injury and lead to cognitive dysfunction. I/R-induced release of inflammatory mediators and neuronal apoptosis are involved in the underlying mechanism.

This study was aimed to investigate the influence on component content indexes,which included chlorogenic acid and luteolin of honeysuckle by the absorption of chemical insecticide thiamethoxam.High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used in the analysis of content determination of component content indexes of honeysuckle samples by different concentrations of thiamethoxam.SPSS was used in the statistical analysis.The results showed that compared to samples from the blank control group,the content of chlorogenic acid had the increasing tendency in the honeysuckle groups with different concentrations of thiamethoxam.However,there was no significant difference among different experiment groups.There was no significant difference on luteolin among honeysuckle groups with different concentrations of thiamethoxam and the blank control group.It was concluded that at the recommended dose and high-powered dose of thiamethoxam,there was some influence on the content of chlorogenic acid.However,there was no significant effect on the content of luteoloside.And the quality scores of both contents were within the range defined in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010 edition).

BACKGROUND:The number of elderly patients with hip fracture is huge, and this population mainly combines with a variety of internal diseases. The general condition was bad. Compared to total hip arthroplasty, bipolar hemiarthroplasty can shorten operation time, reduce the time of anesthesia and improve surgical safety, but the operation using which fixation mode is always controversial.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the safety and curative effects of bipolar hemiarthroplasty with cementless or cement femoral stem prosthesis in elderly patients with osteoporotic complex hip fracture.
METHODS:From June 2007 to June 2010, 198 elderly patients with osteoporotic hip fracture aged more than 75 years old, who were treated with bipolar hemiarthroplasty in the People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, were enroled in this study. Al patients were divided into cementless group (n=69) and cement group (n=129) according to the type of prognosis. Osteoporosis was treated conventionaly in both groups after replacement. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incidence of postoperative hip pain, out of bed activity time post surgery, Harris scores of last folow-up and loosening rate of the prognosis were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:176 of above 198 cases were folowed up for 48 to 84 months, including 122 in the cement group and 54 in the cementless group. Operation time was longer in the cement group than in the cementless group, but out of bed time was earlier in the cement group than in the cementless group post surgery, and there were significant differences (P < 0.05). The incidences of loosening and hip pain were more in the cement group than in the cementless group post surgery (P < 0.05). No significant difference in intraoperative blood loss and Harris scores of last folow-up was detected between the two groups (P > 0.05). The incidences of loosening rate were 5% and 4% in the cement and cementless groups, respectively, which showed significant differences (P< 0.05). These results indicate that bipolar hemiarthroplasty with or without cement for osteoporotic hip fracture in the elderly can obtain good middle- and long-term effects. Bipolar hemiarthroplasty with cement can reduce the out of bed time, but operation time was longer, and incidences of hip pain and loosening were higher in cement prosthesis than in cementless prosthesis.