Objective To analyze the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of early stage cervical adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.Methods Clinical data of 62 patients with cervical adenosquamous carcinoma,149 patients with adenocarcinoma and 2 687 patients with squamous carcinoma of stage Ⅰ B-Ⅱ A,who received surgical treatment and adjuvant radiotherapy from June 2006 to February 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.The Chi-square test,Kaplan-Meier method,log-rank test and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results In patients with adenosquamous carcinoma,adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma,the rates of lymph node metastasis were 33.6％ (50/149),29.0％ (18/62) and 22.0％ (591/2 687),deep stromal invasion were 64.4％ (96/149),75.8％ (47/62) and 55.3％ (1 486/ 2 687) and corpus invasion were 26.2％ (39/149),25.8％ (16/62) and 6.7％ (181/2 687),respectively.Those pathological parameters in adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were higher than those in squamous carcinoma (χ2 =12.170,P=0.002;χ2 =14.660,P=0.001;χ2 =97.732,P=0.000).There were no difference between adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma in proportion of massive tumor (≥4 cm) [38.9％ (58/149) vs.35.5 (22/62),χ2 =0.220,P =0.639],lymph node metastasis (χ2 =0.410,P =0.522),corpus invasion (χ2 =0.003,P =0.956),deep stromal invasion (χ2 =2.595,P =0.107) and low differentiation[38.9％ (58/149) vs.48.4％ (30/62),χ2 =1.612,P=0.204].The median follow-up period was 45 (3-92) months.Multivariate analysis showed that corpus invasion (P =0.014,RR =3.393,95％CI:1.280-8.991),age (P=0.000,RR =1.077,95％ CI:1.037-1.117) and stage (P =0.007,RR =0.275,95％ CI:0.108-0.699) were prognostic factors of adenosquamous carcinoma.Age (P =0.006,RR =1.025,95 ％ CI:1.007-1.043) and lymph node metastasis (P =0.000,RR =2.525,95％ CI:1.547-4.120) affected the prognosis of adenocarcinoma.The median survival times for adenocarcinoma,adenosquamous carcinoma and squamous carcinoma were 45,46 and 56 months (adenosquamous carcinoma vs.squamous carcinoma:χ2 =1.347,P =0.246;adenosquamous carcinoma vs.adenocarcinoma:χ2 =1.808,P=0.179).There were no difference in recurrence rates between adenosquamous carcinoma and squamous carcinoma[14.0％ (7/50) vs.7.6％ (175/2 298),χ2 =1.968,P=0.161],and between adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma [14.0％ (7/50) vs.22.1％ (27/122),χ2 =1.478,P =0.224].Conclusions Clinicopathologic features are similar between stage Ⅰ B-Ⅱ A cervical adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.Corpus invasion,age and stage are the leading indicators affecting the prognosis of adenosquamous carcinoma.Age and lymph node metastasis are the factors affecting the prognosis of adenocarcinoma.There are no difference in survival and prognosis between adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.

Objective To explore the relation between puncturing at superficial venules and effectiveness of acupoint application in summer to treat winter disease. Methods 4872 chronic bronchitis patients who received therapy of acupoint application in summer for treating winter diseases were divided into a superficial-venule group (including 994 patients) and a non-superficial-venuls group (including 3878 patients), according to the conditions that if or not they had superficial venuls. Both groups received the treatment of acupoint application combined with plum-blossom needles quick puncture. On this basis, the superficial-venule group was additional treated by puncturing at superficial venules. Results The cure rate and total effective rate were 73.2% and 98.1% in the superficial-venule group, and 35.9% and 90.8% in the non-superficial-venuls group. There was a significant difference between the two groups in their therapeutic effect (P＜0.01).Conclusion The treatment of acupoint application combined with puncturing at superficial venules are effective in treating chronic bronchitis.

Objective To evaluate color Doppler ultrasonography(CDU) in the diagnosis of intraocular tumor. Methods Two hundred seventy-three cases(301 eye) of intraocular space-occupying lesions were examinated by high-resolution CDU to observe the two-dimensional gray-scale image and vasculature of intraocular tumors. Results Intratumor calcifying spot could be detected in 138 cases(149 eye) of 153 cases(178 eye) with retinoblastoma,and intratumor blood flow with branchy pattern could be found in 152(177 eye) of 153 cases(178 eye) with retinoblastoma. In 4 Coats disease and 2 persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous and 3 retinopathy of prematurity, intratumor calcifying spot couldn′t be detected,and the band blood flow of the detached retinal vessels could be detected. Intratumor blood flow with branchy pattern could be detected in all 66 choroidal melanomas and 4 melanomas of ciliary body with infiltrated choroid and 15 of 19 choroidal metastases. Intratumor blood flow with “simulating vessel pool” or conglomerate sparkled pattern could be found in 12 choroidal hemangioma. No intrinsic flow was detected in 8 choroidal hemorrhages or subretinal hemorrhages and 2 teratoid medulloepitheliomas. Conclusions CDU is of significance in the diagnosis and differention of intraocular tumors.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel plus cisplatin combination in treatment patients with advanced or metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus(ESCC).Methods Twenty-five patients with advanced or metastatic ESCC received paclitaxel 175mg/m2 by 3-hour infusion on day 1 and cisplatin 25mg/m2 by infusion on day 1 ～ 3.3 weeks as one cycle.Results Twenty-four patients were eligible to be evaluated the efficacy and safety.The overall response rate was 45.8％ with complete and partial response rates of 4.1％ and 41.7％,respectively.The median survival time of all patients was 11 months(95％ CI:8.35 ～ 13.65 months).There was significant difference in the median overall survival between the patients who had showed response versus those who had not(P =0.022).Median survival was 12.5 months(95％ CI:9.11 ～ 15.90 months) and 8 months(95％CI:5.50 -9.50 months),respectively.The 1-year survival probability was 37.3％.The most common toxicities were leukopenia,neutropenia,thrombocytopenia and alopecia.Conclusion The effect of paclitaxel and cisplatin which seems beneficial as first-line therapy in advanced squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus had a high effective rate with acceptable toxicity.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of herbs by internal and external administration combined with semiconductor laser irradiation in the treatment of chronic eczema.Methods Eighty-six patients with chronic eczema were divided into the herb group and the laser group by the randomized digital table,43 patients in each group.The patients in the herb group received oral administration with Chinese herbs together with application of herbs on the affected foci.The patients in the laser group received the same treatment as in the herb group and meanwhile treated with additional semiconductor laser therapy.The clinical effects were evaluated according to their itch degree and skin lesions.Result The cure rate and total effective rate were both significantly higher in the laser group than those in the herb group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with herbal internal and external administration only,the clinical efficacy of herbal internal and external administration combined with semiconductor laser irradiation is more effective in the treatment of chronic eczema.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for early-stage cervical adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.Methods A total of 62 patients with cervical adenosquamous carcinoma,149 patients with cervical adenocarcinoma,and 2687 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma,all of whom were in stage Ⅰ B-Ⅱ A and were treated from 2006 to 2012,were enrolled,and some of them received postoperative pelvic radiotherapy ± para-aortic extended field radiation ±afterloading radiotherapy.The chemotherapy regimen consisting of DDP,TP,and FP was given to these patients.The chi-square test was used for comparison of general clinical data,the Kaplan-Meier method was used for calculating survival rates,and the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis.Results Cervical adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma had no significant differences in clinicopathological features (P=0.107-0.639).The high-risk patients with adenocarcinoma had a higher recurrence rate than their low-risk counterparts even after adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (P=0.000).In the patients treated with surgery and radiotherapy,those with adenosquamous carcinoma had the shortest median survival time,followed by those with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (P =0.134,0.787);in the patients treated with surgery and concurrent chemoradiotherapy,those with adenocarcinoma had the shortest median survival time,followed by those with adenosquamous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (P=0.131,0.643),and the median survival time showed a significant difference between the patients with adenocarcinoma and those with squamous cell carcinoma (P =0.000).In the patients with adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma,the patients treated with postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy had higher incidence rates of short-term adverse reactions than those treated with postoperative radiotherapy (P=0.037,0.003),but the incidence rates of long-term adverse reactions showed no difference between the two groups of patients (P=0.861,0.655).In the patients with adenosquamous carcinoma,the patients treated with postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy had a lower rate of distant metastasis (P =0.003) and prolonged median overall survival and disease-free survival (both increased by 17 months) (P=0.811,0.799),as compared with those treated with postoperative radiotherapy,while in the patients with adenocarcinoma,the median overall survival and disease-free survival were reduced by 11 and 9 months,respectively (P=0.330,0.115).Conclusions Compared with postoperative radiotherapy,postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for early-stage high-risk cervical adenosquamous carcinoma can reduce the rate of distance metastasis.Compared with radiotherapy,postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cannot improve survival time.

Objective To study the clinical manifestation and MRI feature of toxic encephalopathy after inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate. Methods Three patients with toxic encephalopathy induced by inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate were observed clinically and with MRI. Results The 3 patients were male. They all had definite addiction histories (the time of addiction for 3 years to 7 years ). There were special language and retropulsive dystonia besides the common characteristics of toxic encephalopathy:reaction retardation and disturbance of intelligence. MRI showed the change of generalized demyelination in bilateral symmetrical cerebral hemisphere, posterior limbs of internal capsule, corpus callosum, medial lemniscus, and cerebellum hemisphere dentate nucleus. The clinical symptoms of 3 patients were significantly improved 40 days after the adrenocortical steroid and neurotrophic treatment. The mild mood disorder remained in case 1. Conclusion Clinical manifestation and MRI of toxic encephalopathy after inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate are known, so we could diagnose the patients of the disease in time.

Objective To measure middle cerebral artery (MCA) hemodynamic parameters of chronic cerebral ischemia in middle aged and elderly people with phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PCMRI),and to explore cerebral blood flow dynamic pattern in different degrees of chronic cerebral ischemia patients.Methods Middle aged and elderly people underwent conventional MRI scan,and were divided into 12 cases of the normal group,16 cases of mild cerebral ischemia group and 13 cases of obvious cerebral ischemia group.All groups underwent bilateral MCA PCMRI.Bilateral MCA hemodynamic parameters and phase-velocity curve in a heartbeat cycle were obtained by QFLOW analysis software on the workstation for post-processing.Bilateral MCA vascular area,peak velocity (PV),mean velocity (MV) and mean flow (MF) were recorded.The differences of bilateral MCA hemodynamic parameters among the three groups were compared by SPSS17.0 software.Results Bilateral MCA vascular area,MV,MF and right MCA PV among three groups were statistically significant by one-Way ANOVA (P＜0.05).Compared with normal group,systolic peak of bilateral MCA phase-velocity curve was low,dull,widen,and the connection between the diastolic peak and systolic peak became flattened in chronic cerebral ischemia patients.Conclusion PCMRI can reflect the differences of the cerebral blood flow dynamic change pattern between different degrees of chronic cerebral ischemia.

Objective:To investigate the distribution characteristics of syndrome types of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in essential hypertension and to explore the distribution rule of TCM syndromes. Methods: A multicenter, large-sample survey method of clinical epidemiology was applied to choose the patients with essential hypertension from North, Middle, and South China. A questionnaire was designed and filled in, then 477 untreated patients with first-diagnosed essential hypertension were selected and the information was recorded into FileMaker database. A cluster analysis method was utilized to study the TCM syndrome distribution rule of essential hypertension. Results: Two-step cluster analysis was done from 3 to 7 clusters. Seven clusters were appropriate, which included deficiency of heart and kidney qi, hyperactivity of liver-yang, deficiency of yin and yang, stagnation of phlegm-dampness, phlegm-heat (subtype of stagnation of phlegm-dampness), blood stasis obstructing collaterals, and other syndromes. The symptoms presenting high percentage in each cluster were more significant in TCM theory. The syndromes of hyperactivity of liver-yang (24.1%) and stagnation of phlegm-dampness (27.1%) presented the high percentages, and deficiency of heart and kidney qi (10.1%), deficiency of yin and yang (8.4%), and blood stasis obstructing collaterals (9.0%) presented the low percentages. Conclusion: As compared with the current syndrome differentiation criteria, two-step cluster analysis results not only include the syndromes of deficiency of yin and yang, hyperactivity of liver-yang, stagnation of phlegm-dampness, but also cover qi deficiency and blood stasis.

Flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of phycocyanidins. In this experiment, the petals of red Rhododendron hybridum Hort. at different developmental stages were used as experimental materials. The R. hybridum flavanone 3-hydroxylase (RhF3H) gene was cloned using reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) techniques, and bioinformatics analyses were performed. Petal RhF3H gene expression at different developmental stages were analyzed by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A pET-28a-RhF3H prokaryotic expression vector was constructed for the preparation and purification of RhF3H protein. A pCAMBIA1302-RhF3H overexpression vector was constructed for genetic transformation in Arabidopsis thaliana by Agrobacterium-mediated method. The results showed that the R. hybridum Hort. RhF3H gene is 1 245 bp long, with an open reading frame of 1 092 bp, encoding 363 amino acids. It contains a Fe²⁺ binding motif and a 2-ketoglutarate binding motif of the dioxygenase superfamily. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the R. hybridum RhF3H protein is most closely related to the Vaccinium corymbosum F3H protein. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression level of the red R. hybridum RhF3H gene tended to increase and then decrease in the petals at different developmental stages, with the highest expression at middle opening stage. The results of the prokaryotic expression showed that the size of the induced protein of the constructed prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a-RhF3H was about 40 kDa, which was similar to the theoretical value. Transgenic RhF3H Arabidopsis thaliana plants were successfully obtained, and PCR identification and β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining demonstrated that the RhF3H gene was integrated into the genome of A. thaliana plants. qRT-PCR, total flavonoid and anthocyanin contentanalysis showed that RhF3H was significantly higher expressed in the transgenic A. thaliana relative to that of the wild type, and its total flavonoid and anthocyanin content were significantly increased. This study provides a theoretical basis for investigating the function of RhF3H gene, as well as for studying the molecular mechanism of flower color in R. simsiib Planch.
Arabidopsis/metabolism* ; Rhododendron/metabolism* ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Anthocyanins/metabolism* ; Phylogeny ; Flavonoids/metabolism* ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Proteins/metabolism*