【Objective】To improve the adaptation of Plat-Ⅱceramic crown.【Method】The Plat-Ⅱcastable ceramic crowns were made by three methods,namely routine method,die spacer technique,and the model investing method.24 crowns were made by these three methods individually and adhered to the corresponding model die with zinc phosphate to measure the adhesive thickness and compare their adaptation.【Result】The average adhesive thickness at different parts of crown of these three groups were 52 μm、42 μm、30 μm and the margins discrepence were 63 μm、59 μm、42 μm,respectively.There is statistically difference in both the adhesive thickness and the margin discrepence with these three methods (P<0.01).【Conclusion】The crowns made from the die spacer technique and the model investing method could improve the adaptation significantly.

Objective To evaluate the effect of different preparation processes on preparation of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)loaded microspheres and observe the biological activity of GDNF.Methods With polylactide-co-glycolide(PLGA)as the coating material,the GDNF-loaded microspheres were prepared by using double emulsion(W1/O/W2).Two-factor factorial design variance analysis was done to analyze the effects of the composition proportion of lactic acid(LA)and glycolic acid(GA)in PLGA and the stirring speed of multiple emulsion on particle size,entrapment efficiency,burst release and in vitro release characteristics of the GDNF-loaded microspheres.PC-12 bioassay was employed to detect the biological activity of the released GDNF so as to determine the optimal preparation process.Results The composition proportion of PLGA could affect the microspheres'burst release(P ＜ 0.05),with no effect on particle size and entrapment efficiency.with the higher.With higher proportion of GA,the release speed of GDNF in the microspheres was increased.When the stirring speed of multiple emulsion was increased from 1 000 r/min to 3 000 r/min,the particle size of the microspheres was decrease significantly(P ＜ 0.01),the burst release was increased markedly(P ＜ 0.01)and the in vitro release rate was accelerated.The activity of GDNF in the microspheres could last for about 20 days at 37℃,which was 10 days longer than that of single GDNF.Conclusions Double emulsioncan prepare the GDNF-loaded microspheres with high entrapment efficiency and suitable in vitro release time.In the meantime,the microspheres can extend the validity of GDNF.

AIM: To investigate the expression of FIZZ1/RELM? in lung tissue of chronic cigarette smoking rat,and to determine the relationship between airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness.METHODS: Made rat model of chronic cigarette smoking was used.The expression of FIZZ1/RELM? in lung tissue was determined by immuno-histochemistry and in situ hybridization.RESULTS: In control rats,FIZZ1/RELM? protein and mRNA expressions were observed at low levels.In cigarette smoking rats,FIZZ1/RELM? expression increased in all the cells especially in bronchial smooth muscle cells,vascular wall cells and alveolar epithelial cells.CONCLUSION: FIZZ1/RELM? is a secreted peptide specifically expressed in lung.Cigarette smoking induces its upregulation,which possibly contributes to cigarette smoking-induced airway hyperresponsiveness.

Sargassum fusiforme (S. fusiforme) has been used as an ingredient in Chinese herbal medicine for thousands of years. However, there are a limited number of studies concerning its therapeutic mechanism. High performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) analysis showed that the average molecular weight of the S. fusiforme polysaccharide, SFPS 191212, is 43 kDa. SFPS 191212 is composed of mannose, rhamnose, galactose, xylose, glucose, and fucose (at a molar ratio: 2.1 : 2.9 : 1.8 : 15.5 : 4.6 : 62.5) with α- and β-configurations. The present research evaluated the anti-tumor potential of the S. fusiforme polysaccharide in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells in vitro. To explore the SFPS 191212's apoptosis mechanism in HEL cells, transcriptome analysis was performed on HEL cells that were incubated with SFPS 191212. The inhibitory effect of SFPS 191212 on HEL cell growth was also analyzed. It was found that SFPS 191212 inhibited HEL cell proliferation, reduced cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, and induced an insignificant toxic effect on normal human embryonic lung (MRC-5) cells. Compared with the control group, transcriptome analysis identified a total of 598 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 243 up-regulated genes and 355 down-regulated genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed on all DEGs, and 900 GO terms and 52 pathways were found to be significantly enriched. Finally, 23 DEGs were randomly selected and confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Moreover, SFPS 191212 down-regulated the PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathway. Our results provide a framework for understanding the effect of SFPS 191212 on cancer cells and can serve as a resource for delineating the anti-tumor mechanisms of S. fusiforme.
Humans ; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology* ; Sargassum ; Transcriptome

At present, the prevalence rate of diabetes presents a rising tendency. The cardiovascular disease is a major complication of diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a severe form of coronary heart disease. Compared with non-diabetic patients, the disease situation in diabetic ACS patients is more serious with more contradictory problems and difficulty in treatment. Although percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) plays a certain role in re-canalization of coronary artery, after PCI the problems the patients with diabetic ACS will face are still serious. traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) recognizes that the etiology and pathogenesis of diabetic ACS are deficiency in Qi and Yin, and accumulation of blood stasis and toxin inside the body. Through clinical observation and retrospective analysis, it is found that using "supplementing Qi and nourishing Yin, activating blood circulation and detoxifying"can interfere with the patients' diabetic ACS and simplify the therapeutic regimen, which is an integrated regulatory treatment with multiple links, multiple pathways and multiple targets, and is a sufficient realization of unique superiority of traditional Chinese medicine by using holistic concept, syndrome differentiation and multiple-link interference for comprehensive prevention and treatment of diabetic ACS.

Objective To study the expression of BDNF and TrkB in hippocampal microglia cells of poststroke depression (PSD) rats.Methods Forty healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,depression group,stroke group and PSD group (10 in each group).Expression of BDNF and TrkB in OX42-marked hippocampal microglia cells of PSD rats was detected with immunofluorescence staining on day 29 and 57 after a MCAO model rats was established and a chronic stress depression model of rats was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) combined with separate breeding.Results The absorbance value of BDNF and TrkB was 83.35t5.74 and 82.35±5.74 respectively in PSD group on day 29 after the CUMS of rats was established,which was significantly lower than other 3 groups (P＜0.05),and was significantly higher in depression group than in stroke group (141.23±9.16 vs 133.31±7.89;141.23± 8.07 vs 128.62±6.92,P＜0.05).The absorbance value of BDNF and TrkB was 81.63±7.19 and 74.43±7.42 respectively in PSD group on day 57 after the CUMS of rats was established,which was lower than in other 3 groups,and was significantly lower in stroke group than normal group and depression group (93.36±7.56 vs 124.11±11.39、116.65±10.55,87.14±6.56 vs 112.58± 10.99、108.05±10.57,P＜0.05).Conclusion Hippocampal microglia cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of PSD by down-regulating the expression of BDNF and TrkB in PSD rats.

Objective To investigate the effect of human urinary kallidinogenase (HUK) on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in mice.Methods One hundred and ten male ICR mice were randomly divided into sham operation,control and HUK groups.A cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion.The infarct volume was detected by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.Bcl-2,Bax,and caspase-3 expression levels in the ischemic cortex were detected by Western blot.Bcl-2 and Bax positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 area on the ischemic side were detected using Immunohistochemical staining.Apoptotic cells in the ischemic cortex were detected by TUNEL staining.Results No infarction and neurological deficits were found in the sham operation group.At 24 h after ischemia-reperfusion,the infarction voltne (P ＜0.01) and neurological deficit score (P =0.02) in the HUK group were significantly lower than those in the control group;at 72 h after ischemia-reperfusion,the infarction volume (P ＜ 0.01) and neurologic deficit score (P =0.03) in the HUK group were also significantly lower than those in the control group.Westem blot analysis showed that the expression level of Bcl-2 in the ischemic cortex in the HUK group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.001),and the expression levels of caspase-3 (P ＜ 0.001) and Bax (P ＜ 0.001) in the cerebral cortex in the HUK group were significantly lower than those in the control group.No apoptotic cells were found in the sham operation group.The number of apoptotic cells in hippocampal CA1 area (P ＜ 0.01) and the number of Bax positive cells (P ＜0.01) in the HUK group were significantly less than those in the control group,while the number of Bcl-2 positive cells was significantly more in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions HUK has a certain protective effect on ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice,its mechanism may be associated with the upregulation of Bcl-2 protein expression and downregulation of caspase-3 and Bax protein expression,thus inhibiting cell apoptosis.

Objeetive To investigate the associations of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism with white matter lesion (WML) in a Chinese Han population.Methods A toal of 104 patients with WML and 74 controls were recruited.Hcy level and MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism were determined.The degree of severity of the WML was evaluated using a modified Scheltens scale.Results The plasma Hcy level (median and interquartile range,16.81 [11.33-18.92] μmol/L vs.11.40 [8.28-14.23] μmol/L;Z =5.415,P =0.001) and the proportion (85.6％ vs.54.1％;x2 =28.535,P ＜ 0.001) of patients with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in the WML group were significantly higher than those in the control group.However,there were no significant differences in the frequencies of C677T genotype (x2 =1.255,P =0.534) and allele (x2 =1.057,P =0.304).There are 89 patients with HHcy and 15 patient with normal Hcy in 104 patients with WML.The modified Scheltens scale score in the HHcy subgroup was higher that in the normal Hcy subgroup (8.06 ±5.61 vs.5.80 ±2.98;t =2.324,P=0.027).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio[OR] 1.090,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.049-1.133;P=0.001),hypertension (OR 1.719,95％ CI 1.645-2.307;P ＜ 0.001),and HHcy (OR 1.128,95％ CI 1.044-1.219;P =0.002) were the independent risk factors for white matter lesions.Conclusions HHcy is an independent risk factor for WML,whereas the MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism is not associated with WML.

Objective:To establish a nomogram model for predicting positive resection margins after prostate cancer surgery, and to perform the corresponding verification, in order to predict the risk of positive resection margins after surgery.Methods:A total of 2 215 prostate cancer patients from The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Hospital, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, and First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University were included in the PC-follow database from 2015 to 2018, and a simple random sampling method was used. They were divided into 1 770 patients in the modeling group and 445 patients in the verification group. In the modeling group, the age (<60 years, 60 to 70 years, >70 years), PSA (<4 ng/ml, 4-10 ng/ml, 11-20 ng/ml, >20 ng/ml), pelvic MRI (negative, suspicious, positive), clinical stage of the tumor (T 1-T 2, ≥T 3), percentage of positive needles (≤33%, 34%-66%, >66%), Gleason score of biopsy pathology (≤6 points, 7 points, ≥8 points). Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were performed to screen meaningful indicators to construct a nomogram model. The model was used for validation in the validation group. Results:The results of multivariate analysis showed that preoperative PSA level ( OR=2.046, 95% CI 1.022 to 4.251, P=0.009), percentage of puncture positive needles ( OR=1.502, 95% CI 1.136 to 1.978, P=0.002), Gleason score of puncture pathology ( OR=1.568, 95% CI 1.063 to 2.313, P=0.028), pelvic MRI were correlated ( OR=1.525, 95% CI 1.160 to 2.005, P=0.033). Establish a nomogram model for independent predictors of positive margin of prostate cancer. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the validation group is 0.776. The area under the ROC curve of the preoperative PSA level, percentage of puncture positive needles, puncture pathology Gleason score, pelvic MRI, postoperative pathology Gleason score were 0.554, 0.615, 0.556, 0.522, and 0.560, respectively. The difference between the nomogram model and other indicators was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The constructed nomogram model has higher diagnostic value than the preoperative PSA level, percentage of puncture positive needles, Gleason score of puncturing pathology, pelvic MRI, and postoperative pathological Gleason score in predicting positive margin.

Objective:To investigate the value of net water uptake (NWU) in predicting malignant edema (ME) in large hemispheric infarction (LHI).Methods:Fifty-six patients suffering from LHI in the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from September 2017 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and their NWU was calculated separately. Patients were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of ME, which was defined as space-occupying infarct requiring decompressive craniectomy or death resulting from cerebral hernia in seven days from onset. The clinical characteristics were analyzed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and respective area under curve (AUC) were used to assess the value of NWU and other factors.Results:After adjusting for atrial fibrillation, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at admission, and time from onset to imaging, multivariable analysis showed that NWU was an independent predictor of ME ( OR=1.226，95% CI 1.040-1.446, P=0.015). According to the ROC curve, NWU≥13.08% identified ME with great predictive power (AUC=0.813;sensitivity 0.64, specificity 0.94). Conclusions:NWU is an important predictor of ME in patients with LHI. It can help identify patients at risk of ME.