Objective To investigate the application of CT microvascular permeability surface (PS) in acute ischemic stroke. Methods Thirty patients suffering from acute or sub-acute cerebral infarction underwent CT perfusion (CTP) combining with CTA. Cerebral hemodynamic parameters (cerebral blood flow [CBF], cerebral blood volume [CBV], time to peak [TTP], PS) between lesions and contralateral side were compared. The manifestation of microvascular hyper permeability were analyzed. Results Significant differences were found in cerebral hemodynamic parameters between the core of cerebral infarction and the contralateral hemisphere (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in CBF and CBV between the surrounding of cerebral infarction and the contralateral hemisphere, but PS and TTP showed delaying and heightening, the difference was significant (P＜0.05). High-density extravasation of contrast media in infarction zone was observed 30 min after CTP in 3 patients, the value of PS reached (9.20±1.43) ml/100 (ml·min). Conclusion CT microvascular PS may monitor hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke, and guide thrombolytic therapy.

The reverse problem of Electrical impedance tomography(EIT) is a highly ill-posed problem.It is concluded that spatial prior information could improve the final image quality.This paper proposes a new method for obtaining prior information.By this method,the inspected cross-section contour and internal structure for EIT can be achieved.

Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrient elements for plants and a major limiting factor in plant growth and crop productivity. Glutamine synthase (GS) is a key enzyme involved in the nitrogen assimilation and recycling in plants. So far, members of the glutamine synthase gene family have been characterized in many plants such as Arabidopsis, rice, wheat, and maize. Reports show that GS are involved in the growth and development of plants, in particular its role in seed production. However, the outcome has generally been inconsistent, which are probably derived from the transcriptional and post-translational regulation of GS genes. In this review, we outlined studies on GS gene classification, QTL mapping, the relationship between GS genes and plant growth with nitrogen and the distribution characters, the biological functions of GS genes, as well as expression control at different regulation levels. In addition, we summarized the application prospects of glutamine synthetase genes in enhancing plant growth and yield by improving the nitrogen use efficiency. The prospects were presented on the improvement of nitrogen utility efficiency in crops and plant nitrogen status diagnosis on the basis of glutamine synthase gene regulation.
Arabidopsis ; Genes, Plant ; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase ; genetics ; Nitrogen ; metabolism ; Oryza ; Plants ; enzymology ; genetics ; Triticum ; Zea mays

Objective To apply electrical impedance tnmography that is a new evaluation ap-proach to monitor the development of retroperitoneal injury. We used retroperitoneal inject blood model in pigs to study the feasibility on monitoring retroperitoneal bleeding and to provide premise in theory and practice for clinical application. Methods Five pigs were used on the experiment. We insert a vessel into the retroperitoneal and inject blood to simulate retroperitoneal bleeding. Sixteen electrodes were atta-ched on the abdominal region circumference of pigs and used for electrical current injection and surface voltage measurement. Then the monitoring images were performed by electrical impedance tomography. Results The images of electrical impedance tomography retroperitoneal inject blood model of five pigs were clear, the minimal impedance scale was decreasing significantly as the bleeding volume increasing and the images were changed significantly too. The computerized tomography and the dissecting results confirmed the blood was limited in retroperitoneal. Conclusions The establishments of pigs retroper-itoneal inject blood model was successful. The images of electrical impedance tomography retroperitoneal inject blood model were clear with significant contrast. It's feasible to use electrical impedance tomography system to monitor the retroperitoneal bleeding. This technique may become a useful tool for monitoring ret-roperitoneal injury in intensive care patients.

DNA damage response (DDR) in different cell cycle status of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and the role of H2AX in DDR were investigated. The PBLs were stimulated into cell cycle with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The apoptotic ratio and the phosphorylation H2AX (S139) were flow cytometrically measured in resting and proliferating PBLs after treatment with camptothecin (CPT) or X-ray. The expressions of γH2AX, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected by Western blotting. DDR in 293T cells was detected after H2AX was silenced by RNAi method. Our results showed that DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) were both induced in quiescent and proliferating PBLs after CPT or X-ray treatment. The phosphorylation of H2AX and apoptosis were more sensitive in proliferating PBLs compared with quiescent lymphocytes (P<0.05). The expression levels of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 were reduced and cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 were increased. No significant changes were observed in CPT-induced apoptosis in 293T cells between H2AX knocking down group and controls. It was concluded that proliferating PBLs were more vulnerable to DNA damage compared to non-stimulated lymphocytes and had higher apoptosis rates. γH2AX may only serve as a marker of DNA damage but exert no effect on apoptosis regulation.

The contour line of human brain was simulated by the curve-fitting methods and then the inner area was discretized by advancing-front methods which was improved at last. The curve-fitting result was similar to the CT picture of the human brain and the discrete result of inner area could be completed quickly by improved advanced-front methods. A finite element model with the contour line of human brain was built primarily which will contribute to the next algorithm study of electrical impedance tomography in human brain.
Algorithms ; Brain ; anatomy & histology ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Models, Anatomic ; Models, Neurological

Objective To explore the influence of lack of parental accompaniment, physical abuse and neglect in childhood on the psychological distress of college entrant students. Methods In a comprehensive university in Sichuan Province, 8367 freshmen were surveyed using the 6-item Kessler psychological distress (K6) scale and a questionnaire for lack of parental accompany, physical abuse and neglect in childhood. The students were divided into rural group and urban group for data analysis. Results The months of lack of maternal and/or paternal accompaniment were more in rural group than that in urban group (P<0.05). In rural group, female (standardizedβ’=0.139, P<0.001), neglect (standardizedβ’=0.237, P<0.001) and physical abuse (standardized β’=0.076, P<0.001) were associated with K6 scale. In urban group, female (standardizedβ’=0.091, P<0.001), lack of paternal accompaniment (standardizedβ’=0.050, P<0.001), ne? glect (standardized β’=0.169, P<0.001) and physical abuse (standardized β’=0.095, P<0.001) related with K6 scale. Conclusions Neglect and physical abuse are independent risk factors to freshmen both from rural and urban areas. Lack of paternal accompaniment in childhood is a risk factor only in urban freshmen. Further research should select more rep?resentative samples and also include more factors which may interact with the loss of parental accompaniment such as pa?rental divorce and conditions regarding so calledleft-behindchildren in rural area.

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) vascular hyperintensities (FVHs) in patients with chronic atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery occlusion.Methods:From July 2016 to November 2020, patients admitted to the Department of Neurology, Jiangdu People's Hospital of Yangzhou and first found chronic atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery occlusion were enrolled. The demographic, clinical and MRI imaging data were collected. According to the presence or absence of acute cerebral infarction, they were divided into the non-acute cerebral infarction group and the acute cerebral infarction group. According to the modified Rankin Scale score at 3 months after the onset, patients with acute cerebral infarction were further divided into the good outcome group (≤2) and the poor outcome group (>2). A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent correlation between FVHs and the risk of cerebral infarction in patients with chronic atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery occlusion and the outcome in patients with cerebral infarction. Results:A total of 94 patients with chronic atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery occlusion were enrolled, including 38 with non-acute cerebral infarction (40.4%) and 56 with acute cerebral infarction (59.6%). In patients with acute cerebral infarction, 13 (23.2%) had a poor outcome, and 43 (76.8%) had a good outcome. The fibrinogen level, the proportion of patients with FVHs and the FVHs score in the cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in the non-cerebral infarction group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the FVHs score was significantly, independently, and positively correlated with the risk of acute cerebral infarction (odds ratio 2.524, 95% confidence interval 1.400-4.552; P=0.002). The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission, the modified Rankin Scale score at admission, and FVHs score in the poor outcome group were significantly higher than those in the good outcome group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was a significant independent negative correlation between the FVHs score and the outcome of patients with cerebral infarction (odds ratio 0.144, 95% confidence interval 0.045-0.459; P=0.001). Conclusions:FVHs suggest that the blood supply is in a state of decompensation. When FVHs are present, the risk of cerebral infarction in patients with chronic middle cerebral artery occlusion is significantly increased; the wider the range of FVHs, the higher the risk of poor outcome after cerebral infarction.

DNA damage response (DDR) in different cell cycle starus of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and the role of H2AX in DDR were investigated.The PBLs were stimulated into cell cycle with phytohemagglutinin (PHA).The apoptotic ratio and the phosphorylation H2AX (S139)were flow cytometrically measured in resting and proliferating PBLs after treatment with camptothecin (CPT) or X-ray.The expressions of γH2AX,Bcl-2,caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected by Western blotting.DDR in 293T cells was detected after H2AX was silenced by RNAi method.Our results showed that DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) were both induced in quiescent and proliferating PBLs after CPT or X-ray treatment.The phosphorylation of H2AX and apoptosis were more sensitive in proliferating PBLs compared with quiescent lymphocytes (P＜0.05).The expression levels of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 were reduced and cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 were increased.No significant changes were observed in CPT-induced apoptosis in 293T cells between H2AX knocking down group and controls.It was concluded that proliferating PBLs were more vulnerable to DNA damage compared to non-stimulated lymphocytes and had higher apoptosis rates.γH2AX may only serve as a marker of DNA damage but exert no effect on apoptosis regulation.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive surgery and traditional surgery in the treatment of multiple benign mammary lumps.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to select 158 patients with multiple benign breast masses admitted to Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College from July 2016 to February 2018,all of them were female,average age was (28.3 ± 6.6) years old,range from 19 to 51 years old.The patients were divided into minimally invasive group (n =122) and traditional group (n =36) according to different surgical methods.The minimally invasive group was treated by minimally invasive rotary excision,while the traditional group was treated by traditional surgery.The operation time,number of incisions,average length of incisions,cumulative length of incisions and healing time of incisions were compared between the two groups.The incidence of local hematoma,local infection,breast deformity and local residual were compared after operation,and the satisfaction of the two groups was aslo compared.Normal distribution measurements were expressed by mean ± standard deviation (Mean ± SD),independent sample t test was used for inter-group comparison;non-normal distribution measurements were expressed by median (quartile spacing) [M(P25,P75)],Mann-Whitney U test was used for inter-group comparison.Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability test was used to compare the count data between the two groups.Results As compared to the traditional group,the minimally invasive group had shorter operation time (20.0 min vs 40.0 min,Z =-8.590,P ＜ 0.001),less number of incisions (1.0 vs 2.0,Z =-4.423,P ＜0.001),smaller average surgical incision length (3.8 mm vs 35.5 mm,Z =-9.211,P ＜ 0.001),smaller cumulative surgical incision length (4.0 mm vs 67.2 mm,Z =-9.130,P ＜ 0.001),quicker postoperative recovery (4.0 d vs 7.0 d,Z =-9.334,P ＜ 0.001).There were no significant differences between the two groups in incidence of postoperative hematoma (4.1％ vs 2.8％,x2 =0.000,P =1.000),incidence of infection (0 vs 2.8％,P =0.228),incidence of postoperative breast shape change (1.6％ vs 2.8％,x2 =0.000,P =1.000),and incidence of residual (0.8％ vs 0,P =1.000).Psychological satisfaction of patients in minimally invasive group (95.1％) was significantly higher than that in traditional group (58.3％),the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions Compared with traditional surgery,the application of minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of multiple benign mammary lumps has many advantages,such as shorter operation time,less number of incisions,smaller surgical incision length,quicker postoperative recovery and higher satisfaction of patients after operation.It has not significantly increased postoperative complications.It is worthy of clinical application and promotion.