[Objective]To observe the effects of chronic renal failure (CRF)on hearing and investigate its mechanism.[Methods] Twenty-nine male wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:Ⅰthe normal rats as control for 12 days (n=6); Ⅱrats given adenine(ig) for 12 days (n=8); Ⅲthe normal rats as control for 24 days (n=6);Ⅳ rats given adenine(ig) for 24 days(n=9). The rat model of CRF was produced by being perfused of adenine [300mg/kg]for 12d and 24d. Brain-stem auditory evoked potential(BAEP) was utilized to evaluate the auditory function and renal tissue morphology was observed; Serum sampling was used to determine the content of Cr, BuN. The expression of NOSⅡin the cochlear was measured by immunohistochemical technique.[Results] After adenine given for 12d or 24d, the Cr and BuN were in significant higher level than that in control group. The BAEP thresholds were gradually higher than that in control group, the BAEP delitescence prolonged. Light microscopic observation of renal tissue showed that the degree of fibrosis was gradually higher. Data of immune histochemistry about the cochlear tissue showed that the expressions of NOSⅡ were feebly positive in the cochlear vassal texture, inner-outer hairy cell and helical-ganglion cell, and following functional damage of the kidney, their expressions reinforced gradually, amongst which strongest expression was vassal texture, the next helical-ganglion cell, the last inner-outer hairy cell.[Conclusion]CRF can result in deafness. It is likely concerned with toxic effects of the metabolizable substance, the metabolizable dysfunction of the electrolyte, shortage of trace elements, etc. One of the important mechanisms of the effects of CRF on hearing is the toxic damage of NO to cochlea.

Objective To reveal the prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety symptom and disorder in patients with awareness during general anesthesia.Methods 10 patients which had the awareness during general anesthesia were selected into AR group (awareness with recall during general anesthesia group).Face-to-face interviews were used in data collection together with the self-completed HAD scale for depressive and/or anxiety symptom screening.Subjects getting a HAD score of 9 and above were further assessed for depressive and/or anxiety disorders with HAMA scales and HAMD scales.Results The difference of common general state of patients, such as age, weigh and the time during operation were all insignificant between two groups (p>0.05).The rate of patients received general anesthesia only in AR group was higher than that in control group(p<0.05).The prevalence of depressive symptom, the prevalence of depressive or anxiety symptom and the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptom in AR group were higher than that in control group(p<0.05).The prevalence of depressive disorder, the prevalence of depressive or anxiety disorder and the prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorder in AR group were higher than that in control group too(p<0.05).Conclusion There was high prevalence of depressive and/or anxiety symptom and disorder in patients with recall-awareness during general anesthesia.

Objective:To explore the correlations between self-esteem and life satisfaction in elementary school students. Methods:494 elementary school students were measured with CSES (Children's Self-Esteem Scale) and BMSLSS (Brief Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale). Results: (1) There were significant gender and grade differences on self-esteem in elementary school students. Girls got higher scores(Means were 3.8?0.8?3.8?0.9?3.9?0.8)than boys on achievements, discipline and social morality-help(Means were 3.5?0.9?3.2?0.8?3.6?0.9,F=17.2?47.0?16.6, P

Objective: To compare the differences between urban and rural middle school students on life satisfaction. Methods: 1152 urban and rural middle school students were measured by Multidimensional Students'Life Satisfaction Scale ( MSLSS - CV) . Results: ( 1 ) The urban students had higher scores than their rural counterparts on all the satisfaction dimensions ( mean value differences = 0. 2 - 0. 4. For example, the family satisfaction of urban and rural students were 4. 6?1. 0, 4. 2?1.0 respectively, mean value difference =0. 4; the serf satisfaction of urban and rural students were 4. 6?0. 7 , 4. 4?0. 7 respectively, mean value difference = 0. 2 ) . ( 2 ) The mean values rank (from high to low) of the five dimensions on the satisfaction was family, self, friend, school and living environment in urban students. The mean values rank (from high to low) of the five dimensions on the satisfaction was self, family, friend, school and living environment in rural students. (3 ) The difference between city and countryside had higher explained percentage than popularity on all the satisfaction dimensions. The percents were as follows: 5% , 10% , 4% , 6% , 17% , 11%. Conclusion: There were significant differences on life satisfaction between urban and rural middle school students.

China ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; methods ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; methods

With the development of computer technology, medical data has developed from traditional paper pattern into electronic mode, which could effectively promote the medical development. This paper at first presents the status and characteristics of medical data mining. Then, it discusses the critical method of medical data mining in classification, clustering and prediction, respectively. The paper focuses on the application and assessment of five algorithms which are designed for medical data mining, including decision tree, cluster analysis, association rule, intelligent algorithm and the mix algorithm. Finally, this paper outlooks the data mining application in medical domain.
Algorithms ; Cluster Analysis ; Data Mining ; Decision Trees ; Medical Informatics ; Software

Pediatric acute liver failure is a severe and sudden onset of hepatocyte dysfunction,leading to synthetic and detoxification failure,which could progress to multi-organ failure and death.Mortality is predominantly high due to the raised intracranial pressure,infections and multi-organ failure.The mainstay of management is supportive care in an intensive care unit.The intensive care managements include immediate measures,etiology,management of complications and liver assist device,liver transplantation.Liver transplantation is an important life saving procedure for children with acute liver failure.

Objective To explore the influence of cerebral hemorrhage stress on endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) proliferation and senescence. Methods Mononuclear cells from peripheral blood of patients with cerebral hemorrhage (CH group) and patients with the same underling diseases (control group) as the front were isolated and induced to EPCs. Proliferation, numbers of colonies and cells, senescence of EPCs were checked and compared between the two groups. Results Compared with control group, proliferation (0.270 ± 0. 074 vs 0. 185 ±0.050, t=3.802) ,numbers of colonies( (5. l0 ±0.79) cell/HPF vs ( 1.90 ±0.41 ) cell/HPF, t= 14.407) and cells( (75.15 ± 10.48) cell/HPF vs(57.10 ± 9.28 ) cell/HPF, t = 5. 157 ) of EPCs in CH group on the stress of cerebral hemorrhage were increased significantly (P ＜ 0.01 ), but senescence of EPCs ( (45.54 ± 5.74 ) cells/100 cells vs ( 46.86 ± 5.06 ) cells/100 cells, t = 0. 686 ) in two groups were not different (P ＞ 0.05 ). Conclusion Cerebral hemorrhage stress can increase proliferation of EPCs,but can not change the senescence destiny of EPCs.

Imatinib is an effective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, used in the treatment of advanced or inoperable gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Despite its efficacy, resistance is often developed among a portion of patients. Resistance to imatinib can be divided into primary and secondary resistance, with the latter becoming the focus of many recent researches. Research on the mechanisms of secondary resistance may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic strategies.

BACKGROUND:Rib fractures are frequently treated with analgesic or compression band,which relieves pain but attenuates respiration.Memory metal chest shield as a new product has been used clinically for patients with multiple rib fractures to alleviate the pain.It displays many advantages compared with traditional approaches OBJECTIVE:To compare the effect of the memory metal chest shield versus the traditional fixation for multiple rib fractures.METHODS:A total of 104 patients with multiple rib fractures confirmed by transthoracic X-ray were selected and randomly divided into control group(n=40)treated with the traditional fixation methods(chest strap or a thick pad)and experimental group(n=64)treated with memory metal chest shield.At 1,24,48,and 72 hours after admission,the visual analog scale(VAS)at rest and cough.the incidence of pulmonary complications,and hospitalization were recorded Of them,32 from the experimental and21 from the control group rccepted pulmonary function tests.and their vital capacity was recorded at 1,24,48,and 72 hours after treatment RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Pain intensity of experimental group was reduced at rest,while significantly reduced in forced breathing(such as cough).Of the 32 patients with use of memory metal sheeting,vital capacity continuously increased during the observation period,but pulmonary complications were significantly less,and the average hospital stay was significantly less than the control group(P＜0.05).Results show that the memory metal shield displayed fixation effect on the area of broken ribs,which significantly reduced pain,increased lung capacity,reduced the incidence of pulmonary complications and shortened the average length of stay.It is a simple and effective method of treating multiple rib fractures .