ObjectiveTo detect the features of dopamine secretion of cultured bovine retinal pigmentary epithelial(RPE) cells. The level of dopamine and survival rate after passage and microencapsulation were also observed. MethodsThe primary culture of bovine RPE cells was made using enzyme digestion. After purification and identification the growth curve of the cell was observed. Alginate-polylysine-alginate(APA) microencapsulated cells were made with a high voltage electostatic system. The activity of the cells in the mirocapsule was investigated by trypan blue staining. The secretion of dopamine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay. ResultsThe cell had high purity of immunocytochemistry. The growth curve showed that the exponential growth occurred at the first 1~4 days. Dopamine content was first detected at the time point of 2 hour, and arrived at the peak at about 48 hour of the cultivation. The secretion of dopamine was not different between passages. Dopamine secretion was dramatically decreased in the first 4 days after microencapsulation (P

Objective To investigate the technique of transarterial embolization of dural carotidcavernous fistulas(DCCFs)with low concentration(14%-25%)of n-butyl-cyanoacrylate(NBCA)and determine its value.Methods Eight patients with DCCFs were treated by transarterial embolization with low concentration of NBCA using a wedged microcatheter.Of the 8 patients,5 had unsuccessful transvenous embolization and 3 could not be treated with transvenous embolization.Results Transarterial embolization with low concentration of NBCA using a wedged microcatheter resulted in complete obliteration of the affected cavernous sinus and related shunts in 5 patients,no residual arteriovenous shunt was demonstrated on postembolization angiography.On clinical and angiographic follow-up 6-12 months later,complete resolution of clinical symptoms was observed in all 5 patients and there were no recurrent or residual DCCFs found.Partial obliteration of the involved cavernous sinus and the related shunt was achieved in the remaining 3 patients on immediate post-procedure angiography,but the volume of shunt diminished significantly.On clinical and angiographic follow-up 3 months later,in 2 patients,clinical symptoms were improved and the arteriovenous shunts were diminished;in the third patient,clinical symptom resolved and the shunt was obliterated.There were no major complications except for the transient worsening of ocular symptoms due to Ⅵ cranial nerve palsy in 1 patient.Conclusions Transarterial embolization of DCCFs with low concentration of NBCA using a wedged microcatheter was a safe and effective treatment method.It is an optimal alternative for the patients with DCCFs in which transvenous route was unsuccessful,or impossible.

Objective To establish HPLC fingerprints for the identification of Ilicis Rotundae Cortex (Jiubiying), dried bark of Ilex rotunda Thunb., and its adulterant, dried bark of Ilex godajam (Colebr.) Wall.. Methods Some samples named Jiubiying were collected from some medicine markets and drugstores. The HPLC fingerprints were obtained to detect Jiubiying and Ilex godajam. The software Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprints of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004A edition) was used to evaluate fingerprints. Results The fingerprints of Jiubiying and Ilex godajam were established. Methodological study met the technical requirements of fingerprints. There were 31 and 28 common peaks in Jiubiying and Ilex godajam, respectively. Jiubiying and Ilex godajam could be classified into two clusters by principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis. Conclusion Jiubiying and Ilex godajam can be identified by HPLC fingerprints. This method can provide an effective method for quality evaluation of Jiubiying.

The morphology,cultural characteristics,physiological and biochemical properties of phosphate solubilizing strain BL-11 were studied.Combine with its 16S rDNA sequence analysis result strain BL-11 was identified as Brevibacillus laterosporus.Results showed that the phosphate solubilizing efficiency of strain BL-11was up to 10.91% when with Ca_ 3 (PO_ 3 )_ 2 as the sole phosphorus source in the medium,while the efficiency of that was up to 1.56% when with sands as the sole phosphorus source.An optimal media of BL-11 strain for solubilizing phosphate was obtained by orthogonal test.It was composed of sugar 20g/L,(NH_ 4 )_ 2 HCO_ 3 0.3g/L,MgSO_ 4 .7H_ 2 O 0.5g/L,NaCl 0.3{g/L},KCl 0.5g/L,FeSO_ 4 0.03g/L,MnSO_ 4 .H_ 2 O 0.03{g/L.}_ While other conditions were consisted of initial pH7.0-8.0,180 r/min,and 30℃.

Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in China in 2005.Methods From January to December 2005,395 consecutive and non-repetitive isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were collected from 17 teaching hospitals in 14 cities.The genotypes of SCCmec were determined by multiplex PCR pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)was used to type the chromosome DNA of MRSA.Muhilocus sequence typing(MLST)was used to type the housekeeping genes.Fifty-three strains were selected for MLST typing according to the antimicrobials susceptibility patterns,PFGE types,SCCmec types and the distribution of the regions.The toxin gene was detected by PCR.Results Among 395 isolates of MRSA,SCCmec Ⅲ,untypeable type and type Ⅱ accounted for 61.5%(243/395),24.3%(96/395)and 14.2%(56/395)respectively.In Shenyang,60.7%(17/28)of the isolates were SCCmec Ⅱ,which was significantly higher than other areas. Twenty-four different types and 42 subtypes were found by PFGE typing.Clone A accounted for 50.1%, existing in 13 teaching hospitals in 12 cities and clone R accounted for 23.5%,existing in 9 teaching hospitals in 8 cities.Six sequence types(ST)were found in these isolates with ST239 and ST5 accounting for 75.5% and 17.0% among these isolates,respectively.The prevalence of pvl gene was 2.5% among 395 isolates of MRSA.Conclusions The most types of SCCmec in China were Ⅲ and Ⅱ,and distribution of SCCmec types differed among regions.MRSA outbreaks caused by epidemic multiple-drug resistant clones occurred in big teaching hospitals in China.Meanwhile,the same PFGE pattern may spread among areas. Several international epidemic MRSA clones may exist in China.

Objective To assess the damage of limbic system pathways in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography.Methods DTI tractography was used to acquire fiber numbers,fractional anisotropy (FA),mean diffusivity (MD) of cingulum,fornix,and uncinate fasciculus (UF) in 20 RRMS patients (MS group) and 20 healthy volunteers (control group),and statistical analysis was performed.Results Compared with control group,lower FA value (P＜0.01) and higher MD value (P＜0.05) were found in cingulum,fornix and UF of MS group,and the fiber numbers of fornix decreased in MS group (P＜0.001).There were significant differences between the left and the right UF in fiber numbers and FA value of control group and the fiber numbers of MS group.Negative correlations were found between FA value of cingulum and UF and EDSS scores in MS group (r=-0.572,-0.665,both P＜0.05),and positive correlations were found between MD value and EDSS scores (r=0.627,0.603,both P＜0.05).Conclusion DTI tractography is valuable in assessing MS associated limbic system damage and in monitoring the clinical progression of the disease.

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods: Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coil embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stent management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% (4/22). A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% (8/22). Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.

Objective To investigate the influence of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) on intercelluar adhension molecule-1(ICAM-1) in lung of neonatal rats suffered hyperoxia.Methods Marrow-derived MSCs were separated,cultured,amplificated and labeled with 5bromo 2′-deoxy-uridinel(BrdU);after suffered 95% oxygen for 7 days,24 three-day-old SD rats were randomly divided into group A,B and C,and they were injected intraperitoneally with MSCs of 1?10~4,5?10~4 PBS,respectively.Seven days later,immunocytochemisty was used to determine the expression of BrdU and ICAM-1,and value of radical alveolar counts(RAC) of lungs were counted for histopathological study under light microscope.Results Both group A and B,the labeled MSCs had been(detec)-ted in lungs,and there existed significant variance between two groups(P

Objective To assess the characteristic of normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients with mild cogni?tive impairment (MCI). Methods This study included twenty-six cases of normal tension glaucoma patients who were diagnosed at ophthalmology department of Peking University Third Hospital. All the participants were examined by us?ing the scales of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), mini-mental state examination(MMSE), clinical dementia rat?ing (CDR), activities of daily living (ADL), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), Pitts?burgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and polysomnography (PSG). The patients were then divided into Group with MCI (16 cases) and Group without MCI (19 cases). Results There was no difference between the two groups in gender, age, edu?cation, depression, anxiety and body mass index (BMI) (P>0.05), but significant difference in MoCA scores (P<0.05). The incidence rate of sleep disorder of PSQI in was 28.6%(10/35 patients) of total NTG patients, 43.8%(7/16 patients) in Group with MCI, and 15.8% (3/19 patients) in Group without MCI, respectively. The PSQI score was higher in Group with MCI than in Group without MCI (P<0.05). Sleep efficiency was higher in Group without MCI than in Group with MCI (P<0.05), but no difference was found between the two groups in six other indexes of PSQI (P>0.05). The in?cidence rate of sleep structure disorder of PSG in all the NTG patients was 85.7%(30/35 patients), 87.5%(14/16 pa?tients) in Group with MCI, and 84.2%(16/19 patients) in Group without MCI. Sleep time of NREM-N3 was significant?ly shorter in Group with MCI than in Group without MCI (P<0.05), but no difference was found between those groups in total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep latency and REM time (P>0.05). Conclusion NTG patients with mild cogni?tive impairment are more prone to sleep disorders, especially sleep structure disturbance and short NREM-N3 time may affect cognitive function.

BACKGROUND:From the biological structure, the posterior cruciate ligament is surrounded by the synovial folds of posterior capsule, arising from the inner side of the medial femoral condyle to the posterior part of tibial intercondyloid spine. The main traditional treatment method for posterior cruciate ligament tibial avulsion fracture is open operation, but it is difficult in anatomic reduction, cannot ful y restore knee joint stability and has a great negative impact on the normal function of posterior cruciate ligament. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of arthroscopic implant internal fixation in the treatment of tibial avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament. METHODS:120 patients with tibial avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament were randomly assigned into treatment group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group was given the traditional open surgery, and the treatment group was given the arthroscopic surgery. After 3 months, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores and Lysholm scores were detected in the two groups;the knee joint range of motion was determined before and 3 months after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Wounds were healed at stage I in al patients with no serious complications. There was no difference in the knee joint range of motion between the two groups before treatment, but the range of motion was increased significantly in both two groups at 3 months after treatment (P<0.05), meanwhile which was higher in the treatment group than the control group (P<0.05). At 3 months after treatment, the excel ent knee function rate was significantly higher in the treatment group (97%) than the control group (88%) according to the Lysholm scores;the IKDC scores were significantly higher in the treatment than the control group in terms of claudication, support, pain, swel ing, and squat (P<0.05). These results indicate that the arthroscopic implant fixation of tibial avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament has better short-term effects to promote recovery of knee joint function, but no serious complications.