0.05). CONCLUSION: The carbohydrate diet can not influence on pharmacokinetics parameters of gatifloxacin.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of high protein diet on pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin.METHODS:A randomized crossover design was performed in 8 Beagle dogs.In the two study periods,a single oral 17 mg?kg-1 dose was administered to empty stomach or with high protein diet in dogs.Plasma concentration of gatifloxacin were measured by HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p97.RESULTS:The concentration-time curves were a one compartment model in empty stomach or with high protein diet in beagle dogs.The t1/2ke were(4.00?0.84)and(9.28?1.32)h,tmax(2.29?1.08)and(4.98?2.76)h,Cmax(6.06?0.87)and(3.42?1.20)?g?mL-1,AUC(0～t)(56.74?10.80)and(68.66?15.92)?g?h?mL-1,respectively.There was significant difference between the two groups in the main pharmacokinetic parameters(P

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of lipid diet on the pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin.METHODS: 8 Beagle dogs were randomly assigned to receive single oral dose of gatifloxacin capsules(17 mg?kg-1) on empty stomach or in combination with lipid diet by a randomized crossover design plasma concentrations of gatifloxacin were measured by HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p97,and the effect of the lipid diet on the pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin was evaluated.RESULTS: The concentration-time curves fitted one compartment model in empty stomach group and lipide diet group.The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: t1/2ke were(4.00?0.84) and(7.87?1.54) h;tmax(2.29?1.08) and(3.61?2.72) h;Cmax(6.06?0.87) and(2.91?1.27) ?g?mL-1;AUC(0～t)(56.74?10.80) and(45.35?10.81) ?g?h?mL-1,respectively There were significant differences between the two groups in the t1/2Ke and Cmax(P

OBJECTIVE: To survey and objectively evaluate the present situation and trend of the usages of the prescription drugs and over the counter( OTC) drugs. METHODS: To make a survey of the usage for above - mentioned drugs in 51 hospitals of 4 provinces in southwest China during the period 1999- 2000 concerning the sum of money for drugs, main kinds of drugs etc. . RESULTS: The sum of money for the prescription drugs and OTC drugs increased 55% and 33% in 2000 compared with those in 1999, respectively.The sums of money for OTC drugs accounted for 2.18% and 2.56% of those of the prescription drugs in 2000 and in 1999,respectively.CONCLUSION:The sums of money for the prescription drugs and OTC drugs increased rapidly ,but total sale of OTC drugs was very low compared with that of the prescription drugs.

Hypotha is the center of energy homeostasis in the organism.The central step of its endocrinology regulation network is that it can receive the leptin signal provided by peripheral adipose tissues,and subsequently modulate the expression of Agouti-related protein(AgRP) and proopiomelanocortin(POMC),maintaining energy homeostasis by regulating energy intake and consumption.Transcription factors FoxO1 and STAT3(signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) are key molecules in leptin-mediated transcriptional regulation of AgRP;they directly participate in the regulation of energy homeostasis.FoxO1 can enhance AgRP expression and activated STAT3 can inhibit AgRP expression.Leptin can modulate AgRP and energy homeostasis through inhibiting FoxO1 activity and activating STAT3.The article reviews the regulatory mechanism of leptin upon AgRP.

BACKGROUND:In the treatment of peripheral nerve injury, we can use autologous nerve or the nerve conduit of different materials. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of biodegradable nerve conduit in repairing peripheral nerve injury. METHODS:A total of 48 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into autologous nerve graft group, silicone catheter group and biodegradable nerve conduit group. 10-mm sciatic nerve was obtained from each group to construct animal models of sciatic nerve defect, which was repaired with autologous nerve, silicone catheter and biodegradable nerve conduit. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 3 weeks after transplantation, motor nerve conduction and recovery rate of triceps muscle wet weight were poorer in the silicone catheter group than in the autologous nerve graft group. Motor nerve conduction and recovery rate of triceps muscle wet weight were similar between the biodegradable nerve conduit group and autologous nerve graft group. At 12 weeks, a large number of uniform myelinated nerve fiber was visible in the autologous nerve graft group. A large number of uneven myelinated nerve fiber was found in the biodegradable nerve conduit group. A smal number of uneven myelinated nerve fiber was seen in the silicone catheter group. These data suggest that the synthetic biodegradable materials of nerve conduit can obtain good effect, which is close to the autologous nerve graft.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Bushen Rougan Recipe (BSRGR), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on hepatic fibrosis in rats induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), and to explore its preliminary mechanism. METHODS: A total of 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=10), untreated group (n=15), and BSRGR group (n=15). Except for the rats in normal control group, hepatic fibrosis in rats was induced by peritoneal injection of DMN for 4 weeks. And the rats in the BSRGR group were also intragastrically administered BSRGR within the 4-week course. At the end of the 4-week course, rats were all sacrificed. The liver functions were determined by automatic biochemistry analyzer, including serum total bilirubin (Tbil), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and albumin. Expressions of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and collagen type I mRNA in liver tissue were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: It was found that the serum Tbil level and the activities of AST, ALT were declined in the BSRGR group as compared with those in the untreated group (P<0.01). The serum albumin content in the BSRGR group was increased as compared with that in the untreated group (P<0.01). The expressions of collagen type I and CTGF mRNAs in the untreated group were higher than those in the BSRGR group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: BSRGR can decrease the expressions of collagen type I and CTGF mRNAs in the rats with hepatic fibrosis, which may be one of possible mechanisms in treating hepatic fibrosis.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is used to downstage locally advanced rectal cancer before surgery, in order to increase the chance of radical resection, reduce local recurrence, and improve overall survival. Accumulating data suggest that tumor response to nCRT is time dependent. A delay between nCRT and surgery may increase the proportion of patients that achieve a favorable response, and 4-6 weeks are considered to be a universal interval. However, delayed surgery beyond 6-8 weeks may increase the technical dififculty, and the risks of surgical complications and recurrence or metastasis. This article brielfy reviews the relevant literature to evaluate the efifciency and safety of delayed surgery.