The regularity and the preventive and curative measures about the post-operative infections in 3 orthotopic cardiac transplant recipients were reviewed.The results showed that the bacterial infections and the opportunistic fungal infections were common within 1～2 months after the cardiac transplantation.The sensitive antibiotics could completely control the infections.More than 3 months after surgery,the infections were gradually reduced.It was suggested that the prevention and treatment of the post-operative infections should be reinforced in the early stage of transplantation.

Objective:To explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment methods for nasal septum malignancies. Methods:A retrospective study of seven cases of primary nasal septum malignancy was conducted. These cases were treated at the Tianjin First Central Hospital between February 1993 and October 2009. Results:Among the seven cases, one was reported malignant lymphoma, which underwent chemotherapy and radiation therapy;the other six malignant tumors included three cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma, one malignant melanoma, one chondrosarcoma, and one papilloma. Patients were treated by nasal endoscopy, external approach, lip midline incision, overturned facial surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. During follow-up, which lasted for 2 years to 16 years from time of surgery, two fatalities resulting from recurrence or metastasis were recorded. One of these fatalities occurred after 2 years, and the other was recorded at 3 years and 4 months after surgery. Four patients survived without recurrence. Conclusion:The key treatment for nasal septum malignancies was one-time radical resection. Combined postoperative treatment and follow-up should be conducted.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the C825T polymorphism of G protein β3 subunit (GNB3) and essential hypertension and cerebral infarction patients with a history of hypertension. Methods The C825T polymorphism of GNB3 was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 110 healthy subjects aged over 40 years, 92 patients with essential hypertension, and 80 cerebral infarction patients with a history of hypertension. Sex, age, family histories of diabetics, smoking and alcoholic consumption were documented, and body mass index, waist-hip ratio, total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and fasting blood glucose concentration were measured. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen the factors associated with the occurrence of cerebral infarction in patients with hypertension.Results The distribution of the C825T polymorphism of GNB3 in the 3 groups all met the Hardy-Weinberg Law of genetic equilibrium. The genotype frequencies of CC, CT and TT in cerebral infarction patients with a history of hypertension were 33％, 57％, and 20％, respectively; those in patients with essential hypertension were 33％, 42％, and 25％ ; respectively;and those in the control group were 26％, 54％, and 20％, respectively. There were no significant differences (x2 =4. 030, P =0. 402). The allele frequencies of 825T in the 3 groups were 39％, 40％, and 47％, respectively. There were no significant differences (x2 =0. 832). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TC (odds ratio [ OR] 10. 810, 95％ confidence interval [ CI] 2. 64544. 136, P =0. 000), TG (OR 5. 453, 95％ CI 1.662-17. 881, P =0. 005),HDL-C (OR, 0. 181, 95％ CI 0. 041-0. 795, P = 0. 027), blood glucose (OR 2. 386, 95％ CI1.062-5. 363, P =0. 035), and diabetes (OR 7. 156, 95％ CI 1.271-40. 291, P =0. 026) were the independent risk factors for cerebral infarction, and the GNB3 genotype and allele did not enter the model. Conclusions The C825T polymorphism of GNB3 may not be associated with cerebral infarction and essential hypertension.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the dry granulation technology conditions for Yinqiao baidu tablet. METHODS:Using granulating difficulty degree and disintegration time as investigation indexes,ratio and amount of accessories microcrystalline cellu-lose and compressible starch in Yinqiao baidu tablet,moisture content of the sprayed powder were screened. Using yield of particle and angle of repose as indexes,L9(34)orthogonal test was used to optimize the wheel pressure,rotating speed and feeding speed in dry granulation technology,and verification test was conducted. RESULTS:The ratio of microcrystalline cellulose and compress-ible starch was 7:3,and mixing ratio of the two with spray powder+inclusion compound was 1:5. The moisture content of spray powder was controlled in 1％-2％. The optimal technology was as follow as wheel pressure of 3.5 MPa,roller speed of 4 r/min and feeding speed of 10 r/min. In verification test,average yield of particle was 69.2％ and angle of repose was 31.5 °. Transfer rate of chlorogenic acid had reached over 92％,and RSD of each index was below 2.53％(n=3). CONCLUSIONS:Each index of parti-cle prepared by optimized accessories formulation and technology shows good reproducibility and feasibility,and the technology is stable and suitable for production.

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Anabasis aphylla.Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel column and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography.Spectroscopic methods such as MS and NMR spectra were used for the structural identification.Results A new caffeate ester, named eicosyl-(Z)-caffeate (1), along with fourteen known compounds was isolated from the EtOAc part.Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound and compounds 2-13 are isolated from the plants of Anabasis L.for the first time.

This article was aimed to study the chemical constituents in groups of effective components extracted from Xiaoxuming Decoction. Twelve compounds were isolated and purified by dynamic axial compression column chromatography. Their chemical structures were identified by spectral analysis. The results showed that twelve compounds were isolated and identified as octacosanoic acid(1), cetanol(2), oroxylin A(3), wogonin(4), baicalein(5), tetrandrine(6), fangchinoline(7), wogonoside(8), baicalin(9), paeoniflorin(10), amygdalin(11), manntol(12). It was concluded that all compounds were isolated from this compound prescription for the first time.

This study was aimed to evaluate the quality ofYuan-Hu Zhi-Tong (YHZT) tablet from different manufacturers by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint. An HPLC method was developed to establish the fingerprint of 12 batches of YHZT from 10 manufacturers. The common peaks were confirmed by mass spectrometric analysis. Similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to analyze the fingerprint chromatography. The results showed that there were 15 common peaks in which 12 components were from Corydalis Rhizoma and 3 from Radix Angelicae Dahuricae. The similar degrees of 12 batches of YHZT tablet were between 0.498 and 0.999. Based on the values, they could fall into three groups. The result of HCA showed that 12 batches of samples could be divided into 3 classes. The results of PCA indicated that the first three principal components (PCs) could represent the 15 common peaks. According to the scores of 3 PCs, 12 batches of samples could be divided into three categories. The classification result was mainly affected by the components of Corydalis Rhizoma. The classification results of three methods were basically the same. Based on the combination of three methods, 12 samples can be divided into three grades in the aspect of quality. It was concluded that the quality differences of YHZT tablet from different manufacturers were obvious. The combining application of three methods can be used in the evaluation on fingerprint of samples from different sources and influence factor analysis. It can be used as an effective method for quality evaluation.

The roots of Corydalis decumbens are used in Chinese folk herbal medicine for treatment of a variety of diseases. In this article, developments of chemical composition, pharmacology, clinical application and recent stud-ies on pharmacokinetics of C. decumbens were reviewed and summarized for its further development and utilization.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have mainly focused on costal cartilage, articular cartilage, nasal septal cartilage, and auricular cartilage, but in vitro culture of human vertebral endplate cartilage is stil rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the feasibility of culture of vertebral endplate chondrocytes from type I neurofibromatosis associated with scoliosis patientsin vitro and to study the biological characters of the chondrocytes. METHODS: Through two-step enzymatic digestion and tissue culture, the chondrocytes from the vertebral endplate of seven type I neurofibromatosis patients isolated and cultured in monolayer and passaged to observe the changes of cel morphology under inverted phase contrast microscope. Colagen type II expression was detected by immunocytochemistry to identify whether the cels had chondrocyte characters. The growth kinetics was detected by using MTT colorimetric assay to draw the growth curve of passage 2 chondrocytes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A few chondrocytes crawled from the cartilage after 2 weeks culture and cels were passaged at 3 weeks. Along with passage going on, the phenotype of chondrocytes was changed from polygonal, round, triangle, and irregular shapes to fusiform. The colagen type II expression in passage 2 cels was positive by immunohistochemical staining. MTT test showed the growth curve of the passage 2 chondrocytes presented a transverse “S”. Cels were found logarithmic growth at days 4-7, reached platform stage at days 8-13, and decreased at day 14. It is an effective and simple procedure by two-step enzymatic digestion and tissue explant method to culture vertebral endplate chondrocytes with high purity and good viability from type I neurofibromatosis patients associated with scoliosisin vitro. Passage 2 chondrocytes from the vertebral endplate exhibit the best viability at days 4-7, which can be used as targets for research of pathogenesis of type I neurofibromatosis with atrophic scoliosis.

Objective To evaluate the application of small dural window exposure strategy for removal of subdu-ral hematomas and decompressive craniectomy in patients with severe brain injury. Methods Eighty patients with an ad-mission Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8 or less were randomly divided into two groups:Routine craniectomy group (42 pa-tients) and small dural window exposure strategy group (38 patients). The clinical outcomes were compared between these two groups. Results The average quantity of blood transfusion (erythrocyte suspension)at 24 h was 2.85 ± 1.98 and 1.43±1.40 unit in the routine craniectomy group and small dural window exposure strategy group, respectively. The num-bers of the delayed intracranial hematomas, traumatic epileptic seizure as well as acute encephalomyelocele were 10, 12 as well as 9 in the routine craniectomy group and 2, 3 as well as 1 in the small dural window exposure strategy group. However, the time of operate duration and the incidence of cerebral infaction were not significantly different between two groups (P>0.05). After 6-month follow-up, there were 16 cases with favorable outcomes including 10 with good recov-ery and 6 with mild disability and 26 cases with unfavorable outcomes, including 7 with severe deficits, 6 with persistent vegetative status and 13 dead in the routine craniectomy group. In contrast, there were 23 cases with favorable outcomes including 12 good recovery and 11 mild disability and 15 cases with unfavorable outcome including 6 with severe deficits, 4 with persistent vegetative status and 5 dead in the small dural window exposure strategy (P﹤0.05). Conclusion small dural window exposure strategy is an excellent technique for the complete evacuation of the traumatic intracranial hemato-ma, especially those with massive intraoperative swelling .