Acupuncture Points ; Child, Preschool ; Dyspepsia ; therapy ; Female ; Fever ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Massage

Enzyme immobilization is the core technology of biocatalysis. Over the past few decades, enzyme immobilization research mainly focused on single enzyme immobilization. In recent years, multi-enzyme immobilization attracts more and more attention as it could increase the local concentration of reaction and improve the reaction yield. In this review, a summary of the recent progress, together with our research, is presented. Special emphasis is placed on four methods in multi-enzymes co-immobilization, namely, the nonspecific covalent co-immobilization, the nonspecific non-covalent co-immobilization, the non-covalent encapsulation co-immobilized and the site specificity co-immobilized. Finally, some industrial uses of immobilized multi-enzymes were addressed and the application prospect of multi-enzyme immobilization was highlighted.
Biocatalysis ; Enzymes, Immobilized

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to investigate the temporal pattern of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and new bone formation during midpalatal suture expansion osteogenesis for rapid maxillary expansion.

METHODSA total of44 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to 11 groups, namely, five experimental groups, five control groups, and one control 0 group. A Haas appliance was used for the rapid expansion of the midpalatal suture; rapid expansion was set for 2 weeks and fixed for 4 weeks. The tissue of the maxillary midpalatal suture was harvested on the day of installing rapid expansion (control 0 group), on weeks 1 and 2 for rapid expansion, and on weeks 1, 2, and 4 for fixed (experimental group and control group, respectively). The immunohistochemical method was used to detect distribution and expression of VEGF, and new bone formation was observed with periodic acid-Schiff.

RESULTSHigher VEGF expressions are observed after midpalatal suture distraction osteogenesis. Positive staining for VEGF is mainly noted in the vascular endothelial cells, and the active osteoblasts are at the edge of a newborn trabecular bone. A weak VEGF expression is detected among cells in the control group. The VEGF expression of the experimental group is higher than that of the control group in rapid expansion weeks 1 and 2 and in fixed weeks 1 and 2. The expression of VEGF in the experimental group increases significantly and peaks at fixed week 1, and then gradually decreases. The amount of newly formed bone in the experimental groups is always higher than that in the control group; moreover, it increases significantly and peaks at fixed week 2, and then gradually decreases.

CONCLUSIONThe mechanical strain created by rapid maxillary expansion generates a sequence of VEGF cellular events that lead to increased vascularization and subsequent new bone formation.

The high occurrence of neural invasion in pancreatic carcinoma, which can be as much as 90%-l00%,leads to the poor survival rate in patients. The classical pathology includes invasion of both the extrapancreatic and intrapancreatic neurons. Metastasis into the extrapancreatic plexus promotes invasion into the intrapancreatic neurons and therefore results in pain. An increased in the diagnosis of new-onset diabetes mellitus, on the other hand, correlates with an increase in pancreatic cancer. This implies that hyperglycemia may promote neural invasion of pancreatic carcinoma. Novel auxiliary therapy of pancreatic carcinoma with neural invasion includes controlling of blood sugar and optogenetics, a new genetic technology which can further be utilized for surveillance.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 ( HIF-1 ) is one of the most important transcriptional factors which regulate the transcription of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ), HIF-1 plays a critical role in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. The transcriptional regulation role for HIF-1 in tumor angiogenesis is closely related to its molecular structure,biological character and molecular mechanism and signaling pathways.

Objective To investigate clinical value of gelsoin level for evaluating severity and prognosis in patients with critical illness. Methods Forty-eight patients with critical illness admitted to the Emergency Intensive Care Unit of Beijing Hospital during February to December 2008 were enrolled in this study, with 23 survivors and 25 deaths. Serum level of gelsolin was measured for 31 of them at least twice during their hospital stay, and for other 17 only once at their admission. They all were evaluated with acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ ( APACHE Ⅱ ) scores within 24 hours after admission. In addition, serum level of gelsolin was measured for another 307 healthy adults as controls. Results Initial level of gelsolin was significantly lower in 48 patients at critically ill than that in controls [(24 ± 11) mg/L vs. (192 ±39) mg/L, P < 0. 01]. There was significant difference in initial level of gelsolin between surviving group (23 cases) and death group (25 cases) [(28 ± 10) mg/L vs. (21 ±12) mg/L, P = 0. 033]. Fatality of patients at critically ill increased as their level of gelsolin at 22 mg/L or less, with a predicting accuracy of 74. 19% , as well as decreasing trend of their gelsolin levels in continuously minitoring, with a predicting accuracy of 70. 97%. Predicting accuracy of APACHE Ⅱ scores of 30 or more was 67.74%. However, predicting accuracy would reach 93.55% as final level of gelsolin and its decreasing trend combined with APACHE Ⅱ scores in prognostic assessment for critically ill patients. Conclusions Severity of patients at critically ill can be predicted by their gelsolin level, especially in continuously monitoring, which is an indicator better than APACHE Ⅱ scores. Combination of gelsolin level with APACHE Ⅱ scores shows a more accurate prognostic assessment for critically ill patients.

Seventy C57BL/6 mice were divided into control group,lard group,lard transferred into safflower oil group,and safflower oil group.After 20 weeks,the white adipose tissues were taken to analyse the gene differentiational expression prolife.The results showed that body weight,blood glucose and lipids,and insulin levels in lard group were higher than those in control group( all P＜0.05 ),which were decreased after lard was transferred into safflower oil for 10 weeks( all P＜0.05 ).Safflower oil regulated some of the orexigenic genes,anorectic genes,and the genes involved in energy expenditure in adipose tissues such as opioid receptor,glucagon,and PPARα.

Metabonomics is a novel subject which develops after genomics,transcriptomics and proteomics.With its unique advantage,metabonomics has been used widely in screening diagnostic biomarker in a variety of tumors.At present,some diagnostic biomarkers are found in tissue,serum samples,urine samples and stool specimens of gastrointestinal cancer patients by metabonomics,which maybe helpful for the early diagnosis and individualized treatment of gastrointestinal cancer.

English-teaching among medical students is an important method to improve the teaching quality of foreign students and to train medical professionals capable of international communi cation.In the English-teaching among foreign and native undergraduate students,the course wares and teaching methods were designed after summarizing the features of students and teaching contents and were further improved during the practice.The continuing improvement of teachers′ English proficiency is also necessary to achieve good teaching quality.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a public health issue worldwide.A recent cross-sectional survey revealed that the prevalence of CKD in residents aged 18 years or older was 10.8％,indicating the challenge of CKD in China.The major indicators of kidney damage include estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR),proteinuria and hematuria.It is recommended that laboratory should report eGFR when reporting results of blood creatinine.Both of Chinese equation and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation could be used.The process of creatinine measurement should be standardized.For evaluation of proteinuria,urinary creatinine should also be measured when using spot urine sample.Considering the high false positive rate and low false negative rate of urine routine test for hematuria,it is recommended that microscopic examination on urinary sediment should be done for those with positive hematuria by urine routine test.(Chin J Lab Med,2012,35:769-772)